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Inicio Actas Urológicas Españolas Nefroblastomatosis: ¿qué actitud terapéutica a seguir?. a propósito de 2 cas...
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Vol. 27. Issue 10.
Pages 809-813 (January 2003)
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Vol. 27. Issue 10.
Pages 809-813 (January 2003)
Nefroblastomatosis: ¿qué actitud terapéutica a seguir?. a propósito de 2 casos
What is the appropriate therapeutic approach to nephroblastomatosis? a report of 2 cases
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C. García Peñalver*,1,a, F. López Vázqueza, A. Gómez Frailea, A. Aransay Bramtota
* Servicio de Urología. Hospital 12 de Octubre. Madrid
a Sección de Urología Pediátrica. Departamento de Cirugía Pediátrica. Servicio de Urología. Hospital 12 de Octubre. Madrid
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Resumen

La nefroblastomatosis representa un complejo de entidades patológicas definidas por la persistencia de elementos nefrogénicos tras la nefrogénesis (más allá de la 36 semana de gestación), los cuales conservan la capacidad de evolución hacia nefroblastoma. Afortunadamente, esta transformación maligna ocurre excepcionalmete (<1%1), por lo que es considerada como una enfermedad de buen pronóstico. Los restos nefrogénicos se asocian con frecuencia al Sd. de Beckwith- Wiedemann, a la hemihipertrofia y la aniridia, teniendo en tales casos un riesgo mayor de desarrollar un tumor de Wilms, por lo que estos niños deben ser seguidos muy de cerca. El problema se nos plantea a la hora de decidir cuándo actuar, a qué niños tratar y qué tipo de tratamiento utilizar, pues lo poco publicado en la literatura se presta a discusión. Presentamos a continuación 2 casos de nefroblastomatosis, uno unilateral y otro bilateral que precisó de tratamiento quirúrgico al no responder a la quimioterapia.

Palabras clave:
Restos nefrogénicos
Nefroblastomatosis
Tumor de Wilms
Abstract

Nephroblastomatosis is a complex of pathological conditions defined by the persistence of nephrogenic elements after the conclusion of nephrogenesis (beyond week 36 of gestation) that conserve the capacity to evolve into nephroblastoma. Luckily, this malignant transformation is exceptional (<1%1), which is why the disease is considered to have a good prognosis. The nephrogenic remains are frequently associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, hemihypertrophy and aniridia, in which case there is a greater risk of the development of Wilms tumor. Consequently, these children must be followed-up closely. The difficulty lay in knowing when to act, which children should be treated, and what treatment is appropriate because what little has been published in the literature is debatable. We report the cases of two patients, one with unilateral nephroblastomatosis and the other bilateral, who required surgical treatment after not responding to chemotherapy; and we expose our therapeutic algorithm and follow-up strategy.

Key words:
Nephrogenic rests
Nephroblastomatosis
Wilm's tumor

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