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Inicio Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition) Metastatic progression, cancer-specific mortality and need for secondary treatme...
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Vol. 34. Issue 7.
Pages 610-617 (January 2010)
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Vol. 34. Issue 7.
Pages 610-617 (January 2010)
Metastatic progression, cancer-specific mortality and need for secondary treatments in patients with clinically high-risk prostate cancer treated initially with radical prostatectomy
Progresión metastática, mortalidad cáncer específica y necesidad de tratamientos de segunda línea en pacientes con cáncer de próstata de alto riesgo tratados inicialmente mediante prostatectomía radical
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J. Rubio-Briones
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jrubio@fivo.org

Corresponding author.
, I. Iborra, M. Trassierra, A. Collado, J. Casanova, A. Gómez-Ferrer, J.V. Ricós, J.L. Monrós, R. Dumont, E. Solsona
Department of Urology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
Purpose

To determine our results in high risk (HR) prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) and to establish preoperative prognosis factors.

Material and methods

Retrospective study of 925 RP. Mean follow-up for the HR group was 89.8+/−53.6 months. Following NCCN criteria, we operated 210 (22.7%) HR and 715 (77.3%) low/intermediate risk patients. The endpoint was metastatic progression. Kaplan-Meier method for survival comparison among groups and Cox regression model for multivariate analysis of preoperative prognostic factors were used.

Results

Revised period; 1986–2007. Fifty-four patients (25.7%) were free of disease and 8 patients (3.8%) died for other causes free of disease. Disease progressed in 148 patients (70.5%); death due to tumour progression occurred in 42 cases (20%) and due to other causes in 25 patients (11.9%). Seventy-nine patients in HR group (38%) vs 549 low/intermediate risk group (78.5%) did not deserve further treatments (p<0.001). The uni and multivariate analysis for metastatic progression showed both Gleason score at biopsy (RR=1.922; 95% CI 1.106–3.341, p=0.020) and clinical stage (RR=2.290; 95% CI 1.269–4.133, p=0.006) showed independent prognostic value for metastatic progression, but not PSA.

Conclusions

An HR patient can be cured in a third of the cases and will need multimodal treatments in more than half of the times. We prompt surgery in a young healthy patient with a resectable tumour, mainly if just one bad prognostic factor is present and defiantly if this is just PSA elevation.

Keywords:
Death
Gleason score
Metastases
Prediction
Prostate cancer
PSA
Radical prostatectomy
Risk groups
Treatment failure
Resumen
Objetivos

Determinar nuestros resultados en pacientes con cáncer de próstata (CaP) de alto riesgo (AR) tratados mediante prostatectomía radical (PR) y establecer criterios pronósticos preoperatorios.

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo de 925 PR. El seguimiento medio fue 89,8+/−53,6 meses para el grupo de CaP de AR. Siguiendo los criterios NCCN, operamos 210 (22,7%) PR de AR y 715 (77,3%) de riesgo bajo/intermedio. Se utilizó el método Kaplan-Meier para análisis de supervivencia y el modelo de Cox para el análisis multivariado de factores pronósticos para progresión metastática.

Resultados

Periodo revisado; 1986–2007. Cincuenta y cuatro pacientes de AR (25,7%) estaban libres de progresión y 8 pacientes (3,8%) murieron por otras causas libres de enfermedad. El CaP progresó en 148 pacientes (70,5%). Murieron por progresión tumoral 42 pacientes (20%) y por otras causas 25 pacientes (11,9%). Setenta y nueve pacientes de AR (38%) frente a 549 de riesgo bajo/intermedio (78,5%) no necesitaron más líneas de tratamiento (p<0,001). Los análisis uni y multivariados demostraron que tanto el score Gleason en biopsia (RR=1,922; IC 95% 1,106–3,341, p=0,020) como el estadio clínico (RR=2,290; IC 95% 1,269–4,133, p=0,006) mostraron valor pronóstico independiente para progresión metastásica, pero no el PSA.

Conclusiones

Un paciente con CaP de AR que se opere tiene un 25% de posibilidades de curarse y podrá necesitar un tratamiento multimodal en más de la mitad de los casos. Recomendamos PR en un paciente joven si el tumor se considera resecable, sobre todo si el único factor pronóstico que lo encasilla como AR es la elevación del PSA.

Palabras clave:
Muerte
Gleason score
Metástasis
Predicción
Cáncer de próstata
PSA
Prostatectomía radical
Grupos de riesgo
Fallo de tratamiento

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