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Inicio Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología (English Edition) COVID-19 pandemic: Impact on the rate of viral conjunctivitis
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Vol. 97. Issue 2.
Pages 63-69 (February 2022)
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Vol. 97. Issue 2.
Pages 63-69 (February 2022)
Original article
COVID-19 pandemic: Impact on the rate of viral conjunctivitis
Pandemia COVID-19: impacto sobre la tasa de conjuntivitis virales
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1463
Y. Conde Bachiller, B. Puente Gete, L. Gil Ibáñez, G. Esquivel Benito, M. Asencio Duran
Corresponding author
masedur@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, J.V. Dabad Moreno
Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital la Paz (IDIPAZ), Madrid, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Most used diagnoses in the study to describe acute viral conjunctivitis according to the International Catalog of Diseases Version 10 (ICD-10)10.
Table 2. Most frequently diagnosed conjunctivitis in emergencies (prior to ICD-10 coding) in the period before COVID (March 13 to September 30, 2019) and during COVID (March 13, 2020 to September 30, 2020).
Table 3. Number of final patients attributed to each ICD-10 diagnosis for viral conjunctivitis in each time period analyzed: period before COVID (March 13 to September 30, 2019) and COVID period (March 13, 2020 to 30 September, 2020), after clearing the initially obtained spreadsheets.
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Abstract
Objective

The COVID-19 pandemic led Spain to order a state of alert with the cessation of non-essential activities on 14 March 2020, and to implement public health interventions (such as home confinement) and other health recommendations to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (hand washing and the obligation to wear face-masks). These factors could have influenced the rate of viral conjunctivitis.

Method

In this retrospective, noninterventional, descriptive study, the incidence of viral conjunctivitis in an emergency department of a national hospital is compared over two distinct time periods: pre-COVID (13 March-30 September 2019, one year before the start of the pandemic) and COVID (13 March-30 September 2020).

Results

In the first period there were 436 cases of conjunctivitis, of which 168 (38.5%) were confirmed cases of viral conjunctivitis 168 (38.5%), while in the second period there were 121 recorded cases, of which the most frequent were allergic and traumatic (23 cases; 19% each group), bacterial (15 cases; 12.3%) and viral (15 cases; 12.3%). The diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis is the one that suffered the most significant relative reduction (48.5%), while other types of conjunctivitis hardly changed their relative frequency between these two periods of time.

Conclusions

Viral conjunctivitis is the most frequent infectious disease of the eye and has a transmission rate similar to that of coronavirus, so the measures implemented could positively affect its incidence.

Keywords:
Viral conjunctivitis
Adenoviral conjunctivitis
Respiratory infection
Pandemic
COVID-19
Resumen
Objetivo

La pandemia COVID-19 condujo a España al decreto de estado de alarma con cese de actividades no esenciales el 14 de marzo de 2020 y a intervenciones de salud pública, como el confinamiento domiciliario y otras recomendaciones sanitarias para evitar la propagación del virus SARS-CoV-2: la higiene de manos y la obligatoriedad de portar mascarillas. Estos factores podrían haber influido en la tasa de conjuntivitis virales.

Método

En este estudio descriptivo retrospectivo no intervencionista se compara la incidencia de conjuntivitis virales en un servicio de urgencias de un hospital nacional sobre dos periodos de tiempo: pre-COVID (13 de marzo a 30 de septiembre de 2019, un año antes del inicio de la pandemia) y COVID (13 de marzo a 30 de septiembre de 2020).

Resultados

En el primer periodo hubo 436 conjuntivitis, de las cuales 168 (38,5%) fueron casos confirmados de conjuntivitis viral 168 (38,5%), mientras que en el segundo periodo hubo 121 registros, de los cuales los más frecuentes fueron las conjuntivitis alérgicas y las traumáticas, con 23 casos (19% cada grupo); las conjuntivitis bacterianas, con 15 casos (12,3%), y las conjuntivitis virales, con 15 casos (12,3%). El diagnóstico de conjuntivitis viral es el que experimenta una reducción relativa más importante (48,5%), mientras que otros tipos de conjuntivitis apenas cambian su frecuencia relativa entre estos dos periodos de tiempo.

Conclusiones

La conjuntivitis viral, como patología infecciosa más frecuente del ojo, tiene una transmisión similar a la del coronavirus, por lo que las medidas implantadas podrían afectar positivamente a su incidencia.

Palabras clave:
Conjuntivitis viral
Conjuntivitis adenovírica
Infección respiratoria
Pandemia
COVID-19

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