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Inicio Cirugía Española La señal del cinturón de seguridad como indicador de lesiones
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Vol. 76. Issue 4.
Pages 252-255 (October 2004)
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Vol. 76. Issue 4.
Pages 252-255 (October 2004)
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La señal del cinturón de seguridad como indicador de lesiones
Seat belt mark as indicator of injury
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Patrizio Petrone1
Corresponding author
patrizio_petrone@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: Chief International Research Fellow. Division of Trauma and Critical Care. Department of Surgery. University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine. LAC+USC Medical Center. 1200 North State Street, Room 10-750. Los Angeles, CA 90033-4525. USA
, Marcela Pardo, Emily Ramicone, Juan A. Asensio
Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care. Department of Surgery. University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine. LAC+USC Medical Center. Los Angeles. California. Estados Unidos
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Resumen
Objetivo

Analizar la correlación existente entre la señal del cinturón de seguridad y las lesiones de órganos viscerales y musculoesqueléticas en el cuello, el tórax y/o el abdomen. Lugar de aplicación. Centro urbano de traumatología de nivel I.

Población

Un total de 1.264 pacientes que tuvieron accidentes automovilísticos.

Pacientes y método

Estudio retrospectivo realizado durante un período de 14 meses (julio 2001-agosto 2002) en el que se incluyó a todos los pacientes admitidos en un centro urbano de traumatología de nivel I después de una colisión automovilística. Se excluyó a los pacientes menores de 16 años. Se evaluó la necesidad de practicar una intervención quirúrgica.

Resultados

Un total de 239 pacientes presentaban la señal del cinturón de seguridad; la edad promedio era de 39 ± 17 años (rango, 16-95); 129 (53,9%) eran varones y 110 (46,1%) mujeres; 165 (69%) eran conductores y 74 (31%) pasajeros. El peso promedio fue de 63 kg (rango, 46-148 kg). En 101 casos se observó la señal del cinturón de seguridad en el abdomen con 31 lesiones asociadas (30,6%): 86 en el tórax con 21 lesiones asociadas (24,4%) y 24 en el cuello, sin lesiones. Las lesiones más comunes fueron las torácicas, con fracturas costales, claviculares y del esternón (incluyendo 8 contusiones miocárdicas), seguidas de las abdominales: mesenterio, intestino delgado, vejiga, bazo, hígado y colon. Requirieron cirugía 73/239 (30,5%) con la señal del cinturón de seguridad y 85/564 (15%) sin la señal del cinturón de seguridad (p <; 0,01).

Conclusión

La presencia de la señal del cinturón de seguridad en el tórax y en el abdomen se relaciona con una incidencia mayor de lesiones viscerales y musculoesqueléticas en comparación con la ausencia de la señal del cinturón de seguridad en pacientes con algún tipo de lesión.

Palabras clave:
Cinturón de seguridad
Señal
Lesiones asociadas
Objective

To analyze the correlation between seat belt mark and the presence of visceral organ and musculoskeletal injuries in neck, thorax and/or abdomen. Setting. Level I Urban Trauma Center.

Population

1,264 patients involved in a car accident.

Patients and method

We performed a retrospective study including all patients sustaining car accidents admitted to a Level I Urban Trauma Center over 14 months (July 2001-August 2002). Patients aged less than 16 years were excluded. The main outcome measure was the need for surgical intervention.

Results

A total of 239 patients with seat belt mark were evaluated. The mean age was 39 years (range, 16-95, SD ± 17); 129 (53.9%) were males and 110 (46.1%) were females; 165 (69%) were drivers and 74 (31%) were passengers. The mean weight was 63 kg (range, 46-148 kg). One hundred and one sustained a seat belt mark over the abdomen with 31 associated injuries (30.6%); there were 86 seat belt marks over the thorax corresponding to 21 injuries (24.4%) and 24 seat belt marks over the neck without injuries. The most frequent injuries were thoracic-costal, clavicular and sternum fractures (including 8 myocardial contusions) and abdominal-mesenteric, small bowel, bladder, spleen, liver and colon injuries. Surgery was required by 73 (30.5%) of 239 patients with seat belt mark and by 85 of 564 patients (15%) without seat belt mark (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The presence of seat belt marks over the thorax and/or abdomen were associated with a higher incidence of visceral organ and musculoskeletal injuries compared with the patients who sustained injuries without seat belt marks.

Key words:
Seat belt
Mark
Associated injuries
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Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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