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Vol. 74. Issue 4.
Pages 201-205 (October 2003)
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Vol. 74. Issue 4.
Pages 201-205 (October 2003)
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Tratamiento quirúrgico de los tumores neuroendocrinos de localización broncopulmonar
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José Marcelo Galbis1
Corresponding author
galbis_jos@gva.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J.M Galbis Caravajal. Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital General Universitario. Maestro Alonso, 109. 03010 Alicante. España.
, Juan José Mafé, Benno Baschwitz, Elena Ortega, Francisco Ignacio Aranda, José Manuel Rodríguez-Paniagua
Servicios de Cirugía Torácica y Anatomía Patológica. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Alicante. España
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Resumen
Introducción

El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar nuestra experiencia con los tumores neuroendocrinos de localización broncopulmonar, en especial el tipo de tratamiento quirúrgico aplicado en función del tipo histológico.

Material y métodos

Hemos realizado un estudio retrospectivo sobre 45 pacientes: 35 casos de carcinoides típicos, 6 de carcinoides atípicos, 1 oat cell y 3 de carcinomas de células grandes. Los tumores fueron clasificados siguiendo los criterios de Travis.

Resultados

El tratamiento quirúrgico practicado fue: 4 neumonectomías, 23 lobectomías, 6 bilobectomías, 3 resecciones atípicas por videocirugía, 7 broncoplastias con lobectomía y 2 broncoplastias sin resección pulmonar.

En el 86% de los casos el estadio fue tipo I (9 IA y 30 IB),clasificándose 5 pacientes como IIIA, y 1 como IIIB. El estudio rutinario de los pacientes incluyó: radiología de tórax, analítica completa, tomografía computarizada toracoabdominal y broncoscopia.

El seguimiento medio ha sido de 46,09 meses.

Conclusiones

La gran mayoría de tumores neuroendocrinos tratables con cirugía son de bajo grado de agresividad (carcinoides típicos). El tratamiento quirúrgico también es el de elección en la mayoría de los carcinoides atípicos, aunque en éstos el grado de agresividad es mayor, al provocar diseminación ganglionar locorregional o metástasis en mayor proporción que los anteriores.

En los carcinomas de célula grande con diferenciación neuroendocrina y en los cacinomas de células pequeñas, el tratamiento óptimo no está bien definido, aunque la cirugía parece ser una opción que debe plantearse siempre que sea posible, combinada o no con otras terapias.

Introduction

The aim of this study was to review our experience with bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, especially the type of surgical treatment applied according to histological type.

Material and methods

We performed a retrospective study of 45 patients (35 typical carcinoid tumors, 6 atypical carcinoid tumors, 1 oat cell tumor and 3 large cell carcinomas). The tumors were classified using Travis’ criteria.

Results

Surgical treatment consisted of 4 pneumonectomies, 23 lobectomies, 6 bilobectomies, 3 videoassisted atypical resections, 7 bronchoplasties with lobectomy, and 2 bronchoplasties without lung resection.

In 86% of the cases stage was type I (9 were IA and 30 were IB). Five patients were classified as IIA and one as IIIB. Routine investigations included chest x-ray, complete laboratory investigations, thoracic-abdominal computerized axial tomography and bronchoscopy.

The mean follow-up was 46.09 months.

Conclusions

Most surgically treatable neuroendocrine tumors are low-grade (typical carcinoid tumors). Surgery is also the treatment of choice in most atypical carcinoid tumors, although these tumors are more aggressive, producing locoregional lymph node dissemination or metastases to a greater extent than typical carcinoid tumors.

The optimal treatment of large cell carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation and small cell carcinomas is not well defined, although surgery seems to be an option that should be considered whenever possible, whether alone or combination with other therapies.

Palabras clave:
Tumores neuroendocrinos
Carcinoide
Broncoplastia
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Copyright © 2003. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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