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Inicio Cirugía Española (English Edition) Serum PTH levels as a predictive factor of hypocalcaemia after total thyroidecto...
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Vol. 85. Issue 2.
Pages 96-102 (February 2009)
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Vol. 85. Issue 2.
Pages 96-102 (February 2009)
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Serum PTH levels as a predictive factor of hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy
Determinación de paratirina en suero como factor predictivo de hipocalcemia tras tiroidectomía tota
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Manuel Díez Alonsoa,
Corresponding author
mdiez.hupa@salud.madrid.org

Author for correspondence.
, José Daniel Sánchez Lópeza, María Isabel Sánchez-Seco Peñaa, Tomás Ratia Jiméneza, Ignacio Arribas Gómezb, Ángel Rodríguez Pascuala, Antonio Martín-Ducea, Gregorio Guadalix Hidalgoa, Sara Hernández Domíngueza, Javier Granell Vicenta
a Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Análisis Clínico, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Postoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels as a predictor of hypocalcaemia in patients subjected to total hyroidectomy is analyzed.

Matherial and method

Prospective study involving 67 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy due to a benign disease. Serum PTH and ionised calcium were measured 20h after surgery. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of PTH and ionised calcium levels were calculated to predict clinical and analytical hypocalcaemia.

Results

A total of 42 (62.7%) patients developed hypocalcaemia (ionised calciumo <0.95mmol/L), but only 20 (29.9%) presented with symptoms. PTH concentration the day after surgery was significantly lower in the group that developed symptomatic hypocalcaemia (5.57 [6.4] pg/mL) than in the asymptomatic (21.5 [15.3] pg/mL) or normocalcaemic (26.8 [24.9] pg/mL) groups (P=.001). Taking the value of 13 pg/mL as a cut-off point of PTH levels, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 54%, 72%, 76%, and 48%, respectively. On the other hand, sensitivity for predicting symptomatic hypocalcaemia was 95% and specificity was 76%. The test showed a high incidence of false positives (11/30, 36%). Negative predictive value was 97% and positive predictive value was 65%. In multivariate analysis, PTH and ionised calcium were the only perioperative factors that showed an independent predictive value as risk indicators of symptomatic hypocalcaemia.

Conclusions

Normal PTH levels 20 h after surgery practically rule out the subsequent appearance of hypocalcaemia symptoms. On the other hand, low PTH levels are not necessarily associated to symptomatic hypocalcaemia due to the high number of false positives.

Keywords:
PTH
Ionised calcium
Total thyroidectomy
Hypocalcaemiaa
Resumen
Introducción

Se analiza el valor de la determinación postoperatoria de paratirina como indicador de riesgo de hipocalcemia tras tiroidectomía total.

Material y método

Estudio prospectivo de 67 pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomía total por enfermedad benigna. Se determinó la concentración de paratirina y calcio iónico a las 20 h de postoperatorio. Se calculó la sensibilidad, la especificidad, y los valores predictivos positivo (VPP) y negativo (VPN) de las concentraciones de paratirina y calcio iónico para predecir la aparición de hipocalcemia sintomática o no.

Resultados

Presentaron hipocalcemia (Ca iónico <0,95mmol/l) 42 pacientes (62,7%) pacientes, pero únicamente 20 (29,9%) mostraron síntomas. La concentración de paratirina a las 20 h de la intervención fue inferior en el grupo con hipocalcemia sintomática (5,5±76,4pg/ml) que en el grupo de hipocalcemia sin síntomas (21,5±15,3 pg/ml) y que entre los pacientes normocalcémicos (26,8±24,9 pg/ml) (p=0,001). Con un punto de corte para la paratirina en 13 pg/ml, la sensibilidad, la especificidad, el VPP y el VPN de paratirina para predecir la aparición de hipocalcemia analítica fueron del 54, el 72, el 76 y el 48%, respectivamente. Por otro lado, la sensibilidad para predecir hipocalcemia sintomática fue del 95% y la especificidad, el 76%. El test presentó alta incidencia de falsos positivos (11/30) (36%). El VPN fue del 97% y el VPP, el 65%. Paratirina y calcio iónico en el análisis multivariable fueron los únicos factores con valor predictivo como indicadores de riesgo de hipocalcemia sintomática.

Conclusiones

Una concentración normal de paratirina a las 20 h de la intervención prácticamente descarta la aparición posterior de síntomas de hipocalcemia. Por contra, cifras de paratirina bajas no se acompañan necesariamente de síntomas debido al elevado número de falsos positivos.

Palabras clave:
Paratirina
Calcio iónico
Tiroidectomía total
Hipocalcemia
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Copyright © 2009. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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