metricas
covid
Buscar en
Clinics
Toda la web
Inicio Clinics COVID-19 and strongyloidiasis: what to expect from this coinfection?
Journal Information

Statistics

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

COMMENTS
COVID-19 and strongyloidiasis: what to expect from this coinfection?
Carolina Victoria Marcitelli PereiraI, Giovanna Ribeiro Achur MastandreaI, Ana Clara Cassine de Souza MedeirosI, Ronaldo Cesar Borges GryschekII,III, Fabiana Martins de PaulaII,III, Marcelo Andreetta CorralI,II,III,
Corresponding author
mcorral@prof.unisa.br

Corresponding author.
I Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Santo Amaro, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
II Laboratorio de Investigacao Medica (LIM06-Laboratorio de Imunopatologia da Equistossomose), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
III Secao de Helmintologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical (IMT), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
Read
1126
Times
was read the article
337
Total PDF
789
Total HTML
Share statistics
 array:24 [
  "pii" => "S1807593222002599"
  "issn" => "18075932"
  "doi" => "10.6061/clinics/2021/e3528"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-01-01"
  "aid" => "259"
  "copyright" => "CLINICS"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2021"
  "documento" => "simple-article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "licencia" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "dis"
  "cita" => "Clinics. 2021;76C:"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S1807593222002605"
    "issn" => "18075932"
    "doi" => "10.6061/clinics/2021/e3538"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-01-01"
    "aid" => "260"
    "copyright" => "CLINICS"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Clinics. 2021;76C:"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">ORIGINAL ARTICLE</span>"
      "titulo" => "Cardiology referral during the COVID-19 pandemic"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => "en"
      "contieneResumen" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig2"
          "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 708
              "Ancho" => 1503
              "Tamanyo" => 66675
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spara20" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cardiovascular manifestations in patients diagnosed with COVID-19&#46; HF&#58; heart failure&#44; MI&#58; myocardial infarction&#46; Data labels display absolute number of patients&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Nathalia Conci Santorio, Francisco Akira Malta Cardozo, Rodrigo Freddi Miada, Fabio Grunspun Pitta, Caio de Assis Moura Tavares, Fabio Cetinic Habrum, Henrique Trombini Pinesi, Iuri Resed&#225; Magalh&#227;es, Maria Clara Saad Menezes, Bruno Caramelli, Daniela Calderaro"
          "autores" => array:11 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Nathalia Conci"
              "apellidos" => "Santorio"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Francisco Akira Malta"
              "apellidos" => "Cardozo"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Rodrigo Freddi"
              "apellidos" => "Miada"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Fabio Grunspun"
              "apellidos" => "Pitta"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Caio de Assis Moura"
              "apellidos" => "Tavares"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Fabio Cetinic"
              "apellidos" => "Habrum"
            ]
            6 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Henrique Trombini"
              "apellidos" => "Pinesi"
            ]
            7 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Iuri Resed&#225;"
              "apellidos" => "Magalh&#227;es"
            ]
            8 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Maria Clara Saad"
              "apellidos" => "Menezes"
            ]
            9 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Bruno"
              "apellidos" => "Caramelli"
            ]
            10 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Daniela"
              "apellidos" => "Calderaro"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593222002605?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/18075932/000000760000000C/v1_202211191031/S1807593222002605/v1_202211191031/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S1807593222002587"
    "issn" => "18075932"
    "doi" => "10.6061/clinics/2021/e3511"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-01-01"
    "aid" => "258"
    "copyright" => "CLINICS"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Clinics. 2021;76C:"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">ORIGINAL ARTICLE</span>"
      "titulo" => "Persistent symptoms and decreased health-related quality of life after symptomatic pediatric COVID-19&#58; A prospective study in a Latin American tertiary hospital"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => "en"
      "contieneResumen" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Thais T&#46; Fink, Heloisa H&#46;S&#46; Marques, Bruno Gualano, Livia Lindoso, Vera Bain, Camilla Astley, Fernanda Martins, Denise Matheus, Olivia M&#46; Matsuo, Priscila Suguita, Vitor Trindade, Camila S&#46;Y&#46; Paula, Sylvia C&#46;L&#46; Farhat, Patricia Palmeira, Gabriela N&#46; Leal, Lisa Suzuki, Vicente Odone, Magda Carneiro-Sampaio, Alberto Jos&#233; S&#46; Duarte, Leila Antonangelo, Linamara R&#46; Batisttella, Guilherme V&#46; Polanczyk, Rosa Maria R&#46; Pereira, Carlos Roberto R&#46; Carvalho, Carlos A&#46; Buchpiguel, Ana Claudia L&#46; Xavier, Marilia Seelaender, Clovis Artur Silva, Maria Fernanda B&#46; Pereira"
          "autores" => array:30 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Thais T&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Fink"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Heloisa H&#46;S&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Marques"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Bruno"
              "apellidos" => "Gualano"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Livia"
              "apellidos" => "Lindoso"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Vera"
              "apellidos" => "Bain"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Camilla"
              "apellidos" => "Astley"
            ]
            6 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Fernanda"
              "apellidos" => "Martins"
            ]
            7 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Denise"
              "apellidos" => "Matheus"
            ]
            8 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Olivia M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Matsuo"
            ]
            9 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Priscila"
              "apellidos" => "Suguita"
            ]
            10 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Vitor"
              "apellidos" => "Trindade"
            ]
            11 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Camila S&#46;Y&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Paula"
            ]
            12 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Sylvia C&#46;L&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Farhat"
            ]
            13 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Patricia"
              "apellidos" => "Palmeira"
            ]
            14 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Gabriela N&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Leal"
            ]
            15 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Lisa"
              "apellidos" => "Suzuki"
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "nombre" => "Vicente"
              "apellidos" => "Odone"
              "sufijo" => "Filho"
            ]
            17 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Magda"
              "apellidos" => "Carneiro-Sampaio"
            ]
            18 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Alberto Jos&#233; S&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Duarte"
            ]
            19 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Leila"
              "apellidos" => "Antonangelo"
            ]
            20 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Linamara R&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Batisttella"
            ]
            21 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Guilherme V&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Polanczyk"
            ]
            22 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Rosa Maria R&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Pereira"
            ]
            23 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Carlos Roberto R&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Carvalho"
            ]
            24 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Carlos A&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Buchpiguel"
            ]
            25 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Ana Claudia L&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Xavier"
            ]
            26 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Marilia"
              "apellidos" => "Seelaender"
            ]
            27 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Clovis Artur"
              "apellidos" => "Silva"
            ]
            28 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Maria Fernanda B&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Pereira"
            ]
            29 => array:1 [
              "colaborador" => "HC-FMUSP Pediatric Post-COVID-19 Study Group"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593222002587?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/18075932/000000760000000C/v1_202211191031/S1807593222002587/v1_202211191031/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:12 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">COMMENTS</span>"
    "titulo" => "COVID-19 and strongyloidiasis&#58; what to expect from this coinfection&#63;"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Carolina Victoria Marcitelli Pereira, Giovanna Ribeiro Achur Mastandrea, Ana Clara Cassine de Souza Medeiros, Ronaldo Cesar Borges Gryschek, Fabiana Martins de Paula, Marcelo Andreetta Corral"
        "autores" => array:6 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Carolina Victoria Marcitelli"
            "apellidos" => "Pereira"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">I</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Giovanna Ribeiro Achur"
            "apellidos" => "Mastandrea"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">I</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Ana Clara Cassine de Souza"
            "apellidos" => "Medeiros"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">I</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Ronaldo Cesar Borges"
            "apellidos" => "Gryschek"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">II</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff2"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">III</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff3"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Fabiana Martins de"
            "apellidos" => "Paula"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">II</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff2"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">III</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff3"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Marcelo Andreetta"
            "apellidos" => "Corral"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "mcorral@prof.unisa.br"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:4 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">I</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">II</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff2"
              ]
              2 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">III</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff3"
              ]
              3 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
                "identificador" => "cor1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:3 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Faculdade de Medicina&#44; Universidade Santo Amaro&#44; Sao Paulo&#44; SP&#44; BR"
            "etiqueta" => "I"
            "identificador" => "aff1"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Laboratorio de Investigacao Medica &#40;LIM06-Laboratorio de Imunopatologia da Equistossomose&#41;&#44; Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP&#44; Faculdade de Medicina&#44; Universidade de Sao Paulo&#44; Sao Paulo&#44; SP&#44; BR"
            "etiqueta" => "II"
            "identificador" => "aff2"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Secao de Helmintologia&#44; Instituto de Medicina Tropical &#40;IMT&#41;&#44; Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP&#44; Universidade de Sao Paulo&#44; Sao Paulo&#44; SP&#44; BR"
            "etiqueta" => "III"
            "identificador" => "aff3"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor1"
            "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig1"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 887
            "Ancho" => 1503
            "Tamanyo" => 121642
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara10" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Timeline of the main events related to SARS-CoV-2 and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> coinfections&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="para10" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the intestinal nematode <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Strongyloides stercoralis</span>&#46; It is a chronic and asymptomatic parasite in most immunocompetent individuals&#46; In immunocompromised patients&#44; especially those undergoing corticotherapy&#44; the disease can progress to advanced stages&#44; such as hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated disease &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1">1</a>&#41;&#46; Corticosteroids are metabolized in the liver to chemical compounds structurally similar to ecdysone and are used by helminths for oviposition and larval ecdysis stimulation&#44; promoting an accelerated autoinfection cycle &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib2">2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="para20" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The coronavirus disease &#40;COVID-19&#41; pandemic remains a health challenge for society worldwide&#46; The advancing knowledge of the physiopathology suggests that a rapid replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 &#40;SARS-CoV-2&#41; may lead to an exacerbated immune response involving many cytokines &#40;cytokine storm&#41;&#44; triggering a severe inflammatory response in the lungs&#46; Using corticosteroids and anticoagulants in such cases has produced beneficial results &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib3">3-5</a>&#41;&#44; with dexamethasone and methylprednisolone being used most frequently &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib6">6&#8211;7</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="para30" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> infection remains to be elucidated&#46; However&#44; there are few reports of severe strongyloidiasis in patients with COVID-19 after undergoing treatment with corticosteroids &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib8">8-12</a>&#41;&#59; currently&#44; only six cases of coinfection with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> and COVID-19 have been reported &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig1">Figure 1</a>&#41;&#46; Clinical data of these patients are incipient or partial&#59; however&#44; generally&#44; the majority of the reported cases tended to be in male individuals &#40;66&#46;7&#37;&#41;&#44; with an average age of 61&#46;3 years&#46; These individuals were admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 treatment&#44; were released from the hospital&#44; and returned after 22&#46;8 days on average with skin signs and symptoms&#44; such as dermatitis&#44; followed by respiratory and intestinal manifestations&#46; The diagnosis of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> infection was confirmed by parasitic stool examination in one case &#40;16&#46;7&#37;&#41;&#44; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in two &#40;33&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#44; microscopic stool and serological methods in two &#40;33&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#44; and microscopic sputum in one &#40;16&#46;7&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig1"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="para40" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Different therapeutic regimens &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig1">Figure 1</a>&#41; were used to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection with methylprednisolone and dexamethasone&#46; In parallel with corticosteroids&#44; antiviral drugs were also used&#46; For <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> infection&#44; ivermectin was used in 50&#37; of the patients&#44; albendazole in 16&#46;7&#37;&#44; and the combination of both in 33&#46;3&#37;&#46; All patients survived COVID-19 and strongyloidiasis&#46; It is important to highlight that 83&#46;3&#37; of the described cases occurred in non-endemic areas &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1">1</a>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib13">13</a>&#41; for <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> infection&#44; possibly indicating a link to immigration flows&#46;</p><p id="para50" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Oliveira &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib6">6</a>&#41; reported the importance of the identification of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> infection using diagnostic methods for parasite detection&#44; especially cultures&#44; or even serological screening&#46; Once the helminth parasite is detected&#44; anti-helminthic treatment is recommended before corticosteroid therapy is administered&#46; De Wilton et al&#46; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib5">5</a>&#41; proposed an algorithm for screening the risk of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> exposure in patients samples with COVID-19 at a hospital in England&#46; In general&#44; all patients who had travelled or immigrated from endemic areas and those with a high risk of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> infection underwent a diagnostic test and treatment with ivermectin&#46; Although England is not considered an endemic area for <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> infection&#44; there is a concern about the development of severe forms of this parasitosis when associated with corticosteroid therapy&#44; especially in immigrants&#46;</p><p id="para60" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Unlike in the countries that reported cases of coinfection&#44; the reality of strongyloidiasis in Brazil is distinct&#44; with an estimated occurrence varying between 5&#46;5&#37; and 20&#37; based on the microscopic parasitic examination of stool&#46; When other diagnostic methods are analyzed&#44; these numbers may be significantly higher since directly detecting larval forms is not needed &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib13">13</a>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib14">14</a>&#41;&#46; Pandemic situations&#44; such as COVID-19&#44; bring awareness to the scientific community worldwide to the need for studies on other non-viral infectious agents for the prevention of fatal consequences of possible associations&#46; In this scenario&#44; the possibility of asymptomatic infection by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> becoming symptomatic and severe with the use of corticosteroids is evident&#46;</p><p id="para70" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There is a need to apply and to implement more sensitive and specific diagnostic techniques for strongyloidiasis that could be used in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib5">5</a>&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib6">6</a>&#41;&#46; The public health systems need to consider the construction and validation of a diagnostic protocol&#46; Many diagnostic methods have been reported in the literature &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib15">15</a>&#41; based on the direct detection of the parasite by agar plate culture or molecular methods&#44; or even the indirect detection of antibodies&#44; antigens&#44; or immune complexes&#59; however&#44; none of these methods are available in the Brazilian national health system&#44; only for research&#46; Therefore&#44; strongyloidiasis continues to be considered one of the most neglected parasitic diseases worldwide&#46; The rapid identification of positive cases could minimize the occurrence of severe cases resulting from coinfection&#59; in Brazil&#44; this would demonstrate the real situation of the condition in the country since it has high incidence rates of this important parasitosis&#46;</p></span>"
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:1 [
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara10">No potential conflict of interest was reported&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:1 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig1"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 887
            "Ancho" => 1503
            "Tamanyo" => 121642
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara10" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Timeline of the main events related to SARS-CoV-2 and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; stercoralis</span> coinfections&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "REFERENCES"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "cebibsec10"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:15 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Strongyloidiasis with emphasis on human infections and its different clinical forms"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => """
                              R Toledo \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              C Mu&#227;oz-Antoli \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              JG Esteban \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/bs.apar.2015.02.005"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Adv Parasitol"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "88"
                        "paginaInicial" => "165"
                        "paginaFinal" => "241"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25911368"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/bs.apar.2015.02.005"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1016&#47;bs&#46;apar&#46;2015&#46;02&#46;005"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib2"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Treatment of human disseminated strongyloidiasis with a parenteral veterinary formulation of ivermectin"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => """
                              FM Marty \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              CM Lowry \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              M Rodriguez \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              DA Milner \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              WS Pieciak \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            5 => """
                              A Sinha \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1086/430827"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Infect Dis"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "41"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "e5"
                        "paginaFinal" => "e8"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15937753"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1086/430827"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1086&#47;430827"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib3"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ivermectin&#58; an award-winning drug with expected antiviral activity against COVID-19"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => """
                              FR Formiga \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              R Leblanc \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              J de Souza Rebou&#231;as \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              LP Farias \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              RN de Oliveira \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            5 => """
                              L Pena \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.009"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Control Release"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "329"
                        "paginaInicial" => "758"
                        "paginaFinal" => "761"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33038449"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.009"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1016&#47;j&#46;jconrel&#46;2020&#46;10&#46;009"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib4"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Neglected tropical diseases in non-endemic countries in the era of COVID-19 pandemic&#58; the greath forgotten"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => """
                              M Tilli \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              P Olliaro \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              F Gobbi \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              Z Bisoffi \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              A Bartoloni \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            5 => """
                              L Zammarchi \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1093/jtm/taab105"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Travel Med"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34414420"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1093/jtm/taab105"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1093&#47;jtm&#47;taaa179"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib5"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Risk of Strongyloides Hyperinfection Syndrome when prescribing dexamethasone in severe COVID-19"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => """
                              A De Wilton \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              LE Nabarro \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              GS Godbole \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              PL Chiodini \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              A Boyd \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            5 => """
                              K Woods \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.101982"
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Travel Med Infect Dis"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "40"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33545394"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.101982"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1016&#47;j&#46;tmaid&#46;2021&#46;101981"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib6"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dexamethasone and COVID-19&#58; Strategies in Low- and Middle-Income Countries to Tackle Steroid-Related Strongyloides Hyperinfection"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => """
                              MJ Olivera \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.4269/ajtmh.20-1085"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Trop Med Hyg"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "104"
                        "numero" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1611"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1612"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33720844"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.4269/ajtmh.20-1085"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;4269&#47;ajtmh&#46;20-1085"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib7"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "COVID-19 and Dexamethasone&#58; A Potential Strategy to Avoid Steroid-Related Strongyloides Hyperinfection"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => """
                              WM Stauffer \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              JD Alpern \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              PF Walker \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1001/jama.2020.13170"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "JAMA"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "324"
                        "numero" => "7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "623"
                        "paginaFinal" => "624"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32761166"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1001/jama.2020.13170"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1001&#47;jama&#46;2020&#46;13170"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Eosinophilia and abdominal pain after severe pneumonia due to COVID 19"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => """
                              I Pintos-Pascual \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              M L&#243;pez-Dosil \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              C Castillo-N&#250;&#227;ez \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              E M&#250;&#227;ez-Rubio \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin &#40;Engl Ed&#41;"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:1 [
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1016&#47;j&#46;eimce&#46;2021&#46;08&#46;007"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib9"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Case Report&#58; Disseminated Strongyloidiasis in a Patient with COVID-19"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => """
                              AJ Lier \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              JJ Tuan \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              MW Davis \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              N Paulson \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              D McManus \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            5 => """
                              S Campbell \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.4269/ajtmh.20-0699"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Trop Med Hyg"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "103"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1590"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1592"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32830642"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.4269/ajtmh.20-0699"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;4269&#47;ajtmh&#46;20-0699"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib10"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Reactivation of Strongyloides stercoralis in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia receiving dexamethasone"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => """
                              L Feria \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              M Torrado \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              V Anton-Vazquez \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin &#40;Barc&#41;"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "27"
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:1 [
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1016&#47;j&#46;medcli&#46;2021&#46;05&#46;004"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib11"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Corticosteroids in Covid-19 pandemic have the potential to unearth hidden burden of strongyloidiasis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => """
                              D Gautam \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              A Gupta \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              A Meher \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              F Siddiqui \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              A Singhai \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "IDCases"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "25"
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:1 [
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1016&#47;j&#46;idcr&#46;2021&#46;e01192"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib12"
              "etiqueta" => "12"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Strongyloides infection manifested during immunosuppressive therapy for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => """
                              V Marchese \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              V Crosato \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              M Gulletta \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              F Castelnuovo \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              G Cristini \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            5 => """
                              A Matteelli \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s15010-020-01522-4"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Infection"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "49"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "539"
                        "paginaFinal" => "542"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32910321"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s15010-020-01522-4"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1007&#47;s15010-020-01522-4"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib13"
              "etiqueta" => "13"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Epidemiological aspects of strongyloidiasis in Brazil"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => """
                              FM Paula \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              JM Costa-Cruz \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1017/S003118201100120X"
                      "Revista" => array:8 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Parasitology"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "138"
                        "numero" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1331"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1340"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21810305"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S2468266718301117"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "24682667"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1017/S003118201100120X"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1017&#47;S003118201100120X"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib14"
              "etiqueta" => "14"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalence of strongyloidiasis in Latin America&#58; a systematic review of the literature"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => """
                              D Buonfrate \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              MA Mena \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              A Angheben \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              A Requena-Mendez \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              J Mu&#227;oz \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            5 => """
                              F Gobbi \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1017/S0950268814001563"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Epidemiol Infect"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "143"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "452"
                        "paginaFinal" => "460"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24990510"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1017/S0950268814001563"
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1017&#47;S0950268814001563"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib15"
              "etiqueta" => "15"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis&#58; Application in clinical practice"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => """
                              IN Costa \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            1 => """
                              LR Bosqui \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            2 => """
                              MA Corral \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            3 => """
                              JM Costa-Cruz \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            4 => """
                              RCB Gryschek \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                            5 => """
                              FM de Paula \n
                              \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
                              """
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:2 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Acta Trop"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "223"
                      ]
                    ]
                    1 => array:1 [
                      "WWW" => array:1 [
                        "link" => "https&#58;&#47;&#47;doi&#46;org&#47;10&#46;1016&#47;j&#46;actatropica&#46;2021&#46;106081"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/18075932/000000760000000C/v1_202211191031/S1807593222002599/v1_202211191031/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => null
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/18075932/000000760000000C/v1_202211191031/S1807593222002599/v1_202211191031/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593222002599?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
]
Article information
ISSN: 18075932
Original language: English
The statistics are updated each day
Year/Month Html Pdf Total
2024 November 8 0 8
2024 October 35 29 64
2024 September 34 20 54
2024 August 47 16 63
2024 July 40 18 58
2024 June 34 16 50
2024 May 52 13 65
2024 April 26 16 42
2024 March 28 15 43
2024 February 27 18 45
2024 January 26 15 41
2023 December 17 25 42
2023 November 24 22 46
2023 October 32 28 60
2023 September 20 21 41
2023 August 39 4 43
2023 July 31 26 57
2023 June 45 10 55
2023 May 57 3 60
2023 April 51 3 54
2023 March 37 2 39
2023 February 35 1 36
2023 January 20 6 26
2022 December 18 8 26
2022 November 6 2 8
Show all

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos