CLINICAL SCIENCE
One-year treatment follow-up of plantar fasciitis: radial shockwaves vs. conventional physiotherapy
Marcus Vinicius Grecco, Guilherme Carlos Brech
, Júlia Maria D'Andrea Greve
Corresponding author
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT/FMUSP), São Paulo/SP, Brazil
Read
1018
Timeswas read the article
360
Total PDF
658
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:24 [ "pii" => "S1807593222016416" "issn" => "18075932" "doi" => "10.6061/clinics/2013(08)05" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-08-01" "aid" => "1641" "copyright" => "CLINICS" "copyrightAnyo" => "2013" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Clinics. 2013;68:1089-95" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1807593222016428" "issn" => "18075932" "doi" => "10.6061/clinics/2013(08)06" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-08-01" "aid" => "1642" "copyright" => "CLINICS" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Clinics. 2013;68:1096-102" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">CLINICAL SCIENCE</span>" "titulo" => "Association of child maltreatment and psychiatric diagnosis in Brazilian children and adolescents" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "1096" "paginaFinal" => "1102" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Luciana Burim Scomparini, Bernardo dos Santos, Robert Alan Rosenheck, Sandra Scivoletto" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luciana Burim" "apellidos" => "Scomparini" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Bernardo" "apellidos" => "dos Santos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Robert Alan" "apellidos" => "Rosenheck" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Sandra" "apellidos" => "Scivoletto" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593222016428?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18075932/0000006800000008/v1_202212010718/S1807593222016428/v1_202212010718/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1807593222016404" "issn" => "18075932" "doi" => "10.6061/clinics/2013(08)04" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-08-01" "aid" => "1640" "copyright" => "CLINICS" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Clinics. 2013;68:1084-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">CLINICAL SCIENCE</span>" "titulo" => "The level of circulating endothelial progenitor cells may be associated with the occurrence and recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "1084" "paginaFinal" => "1088" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Yan Song, Zhitao Wang, Li Liu, Dong Wang, Jianning Zhang" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Yan" "apellidos" => "Song" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Zhitao" "apellidos" => "Wang" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Li" "apellidos" => "Liu" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Dong" "apellidos" => "Wang" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Jianning" "apellidos" => "Zhang" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593222016404?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18075932/0000006800000008/v1_202212010718/S1807593222016404/v1_202212010718/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:18 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">CLINICAL SCIENCE</span>" "titulo" => "One-year treatment follow-up of plantar fasciitis: radial shockwaves <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs.</span> conventional physiotherapy" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "1089" "paginaFinal" => "1095" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Marcus Vinicius Grecco, Guilherme Carlos Brech, Júlia Maria D'Andrea Greve" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Marcus Vinicius" "apellidos" => "Grecco" ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Guilherme Carlos" "apellidos" => "Brech" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "guibrech@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Júlia Maria D'Andrea" "apellidos" => "Greve" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (IOT/FMUSP), São Paulo/SP, Brazil" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Tel.: 55 11 2661-7812" ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="cesec10" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle60">INTRODUCTION</span><p id="para10" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Shockwaves are mechanical acoustic waves transmitted through fluid and gaseous media (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib1">1–3</a>). They have been used for more than 15 years for treating musculoskeletal conditions (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib2">2</a>). The biological effect of shockwaves is produced through the mechanical action of the ultrasonic vibrations of tissues (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib2">2–4</a>). Shockwaves can be focal or radial. Focal shockwaves have great tissue penetration power (10 cm) and impact force (0.28-0.6 mJ/mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>). These shockwaves produce mechanical and biological effects, such as the destruction of fibroses and stimulation of neovascularization in treated tissues (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib1">1–3</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib2">5</a>),. Radial shockwaves are pneumatic waves generated by air compressors, which are transmitted radially with shorter penetration (3 cm), lower impact (0.02-0.08 mJ/mm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>) and limited biological effect (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib5">5–6</a>). These shockwaves are effective in treating musculoskeletal conditions that are more superficial, with clinical results similar to those of focal shockwaves. The effect of radial shockwaves is less intense, but they cause disintegration of fibroses and calcifications and increase the blood circulation at the treated site (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib6">6–9</a>).</p><p id="para20" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Radial shockwaves make use of Newton's third law (action and reaction) and are generated through the action of an air compressor. These waves are transmitted radially, with the greatest energy in the surface region of the skin and progressive diminution in the deeper regions. The biological effects (cavitation, neovascularization and analgesia) are similar to those of other wave generators, but the physical characteristics are different. Stronger ballistic pressure is produced at the point of impact, which is the most superficial area of application. Radial waves are used preferentially in cases of plantar fasciitis, lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow), patellar tendinitis, trochanteric bursitis, calcareous tendinitis of the shoulder, tendinitis of the calcaneus and, most recently, tendinitis at the trigger points in myofascial syndromes. Radial shockwaves are used in cases of soft-tissue diseases and in more superficial locations. Focal shockwaves are used preferentially in cases of deeper lesions, such as unconsolidated fractures (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1">1</a>),.</p><p id="para30" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Plantar fasciitis is a degenerative alteration of the plantar fascia that affects up to 10% of the population (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib10">10–12</a>). The preferred treatment is physiotherapy, which has the aims of suppressing the pain, restoring the mechanical function of the plantar fascia and improving gait. The use of ultrasound to promote analgesia, in association with stretching of the plantar fascia and the posterior muscles of the lower limb, is one of the most commonly indicated therapeutic alternatives for plantar fasciitis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib10">10</a>),. Treatments for plantar fasciitis using focal and radial shockwaves have shown good results with regard to pain relief and functional improvement with a small number of applications (three to six applications) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1">1</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib3">3</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib6">6–9</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib7">11</a>),.</p><p id="para40" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of the present pilot study was to compare the pain-reducing effects of two standard interventions on the calcaneus one year after the intervention. Thus, a program of three sessions of radial extracorporeal shockwaves along with recommendations to perform therapeutic exercises was compared with a program of ten sessions of physiotherapy comprising ultrasound and a standardized comprehensive therapeutic exercise regimen.</p></span><span id="cesec20" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle70">METHODS</span><p id="para50" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This was a randomized, prospective, comparative clinical study. The research project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of São Paulo under the number 259/05.</p><span id="cesec30" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle80">Sample</span><p id="para60" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Forty patients with plantar fasciitis were treated at the Laboratory for the Study of Movement, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, between 2005 and 2009. All the patients came from the institution's emergency service. At the time of presentation, the patients were randomized by means of a draw to receive one of the treatments (20 slips of paper with group 1 typed on them and 20 with group 2). This draw was conducted in the order of inclusion of the patients in this study.</p><p id="para70" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The cases were diagnosed by anamnesis, physical examination and ultrasonography. All the patients agreed to participate in the study and signed a free and informed consent statement.</p><p id="para80" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The inclusion criteria were as follows:<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="celist10"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem10"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para90" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Diagnosis of plantar fasciitis, with plantar fascia thickness greater than 4 mm, as assessed using ultrasonography;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem20"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Age between 20 and 68 years;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem30"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Painful symptoms for three months or more;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem40"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Literate;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem50"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Not using a heart pacemaker or anticoagulant medication;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem60"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Absence of coagulopathy and other musculoskeletal conditions of any etiology with clinical manifestations in the lower limbs and spine;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem70"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Absence of central or peripheral neuropathy, systemic inflammatory disease, associated metabolic and endocrine diseases and psychiatric disorders;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem80"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ability to come to the hospital for evaluation and treatment.</p></li></ul></p><p id="para170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The exclusion criterion was as follows:<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="celist20"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem90"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Any need for physical intervention to treat plantar fasciitis after the proposed treatment.</p></li></ul></p><p id="para190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patients' mean age was 49.6±11.8 years (range: 25-68). Thirty-four patients (85%) were women, and six (15%) were men. Twenty-five patients (63%) were affected bilaterally, 33 patients (83%) were using analgesic medication, and 29 (73%) had not undergone previous treatments. Twenty-eight patients (88%) were above the ideal weight, and only 16 patients (40%) practiced any physical activity regularly. There was no difference between groups 1 and 2 with regard to the distribution of gender (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> = 0.661), age (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> = 0.369), physical activity habits (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> = 0.333) or body mass index (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> = 0.528).</p></span><span id="cesec40" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle90">Evaluation protocol</span><p id="para200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The same evaluations were made before and immediately after the treatment, three months after the end of the treatment and 12 months after the end of the treatment. The evaluations were conducted by the same therapist on all occasions and consisted of the following:<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="celist30"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem100"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pain assessment;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem110"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Periodicity of the pain: number of times per week that pain was experienced;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem120"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Duration of the pain: number of hours per day with pain;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem130"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Visual analog scale (VAS) for morning pain, gait and standing upright;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem140"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para250" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fischer's algometer to quantify the painful pressure at the insertion of the plantar fascia in the calcaneus and the middle third of the medial gastrocnemius;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="celistitem150"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="para260" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Use of analgesics before and during the treatment.</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="cesec50" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle100">Treatment protocol</span><p id="para270" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Group 1 – Conventional physiotherapy: These patients were treated with ultrasound in continuous mode at a frequency of 1.0 Hz and an intensity of 1.2 W/cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> for 5 minutes in dynamic mode. Ten sessions were held at a frequency of twice a week. All the patients did exercises after the ultrasound application to stretch all the posterior muscles of the lower limbs (three sets of 30 seconds for each exercise) and strengthen the anterior tibial muscle (four sets of ten repetitions, with weights of 3 to 5 kg). All the patients were monitored and guided by the same physiotherapist in all sessions. All the patients were advised to actively stretch the gastrocnemius and plantar fascia at home (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib10">10</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib20">20</a>).</p><p id="para280" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Group 2 – Radial shockwave therapy: These patients were treated with applications of radial shockwave therapy, always administered by the same physician. The Swiss Dolorclast® equipment was used with a low-intensity applicator. Two thousand impulses were applied at a frequency of 6 Hz and pressure of 3 bar. The patients were treated in the ventral decubitus position, with the dorsum of the foot supported on the edge of the bed. The applicator was placed perpendicularly over the insertion of the plantar fascia in the calcaneus, and gel was used to keep the applicator in contact with the skin. The sessions were held once a week, with a total of three sessions. All the patients were advised to actively stretch the gastrocnemius and plantar fascia at home, the same advice given by the same physiotherapist as in group 1 (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib20">20</a>).</p><p id="para290" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patients were allowed to use analgesics during the treatment if the pain worsened during the rehabilitation process. The therapist responsible for the treatment not only conducted pain and function evaluations in person but also followed up will all the patients by telephone once a month to ensure that the patients were not undergoing other treatments, and this contact was maintained throughout the follow-up year.</p></span><span id="cesec60" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle110">Statistical analysis</span><p id="para300" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">First, descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the patients' characteristics. The categorical data are presented as frequencies and percentages (%) and the quantitative data as the means and standard deviations.</p><p id="para310" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The variables sex, medical diagnosis, previous treatments, physical activity and use of analgesics were compared between the groups by Fisher's exact test. The continuous variables age and body mass index were compared by the non-paired t test.</p><p id="para320" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The pain variables were classified as categories that are represented as frequencies and percentages (%). Comparisons of the results between the evaluations were made by the nonparametric Friedman test. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the effect of the two treatments on pain intensity.</p><p id="para330" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All the tests were performed under a hypothesis of bilaterality and assuming a significance level of α = 5%.</p></span></span><span id="cesec70" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle120">RESULTS</span><p id="para340" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Thirty-two feet were treated in group 1 and 33 feet in group 2. No patients were lost or needed to receive any other type of treatment during the follow-up.</p><p id="para350" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We showed in a previous study that shockwave treatment was no more effective than conventional physiotherapy treatment three months after the end of treatment (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib20">20</a>), but we did not know what the effects would be after one year. Both groups showed improvements in pain symptoms between three months and one year, including fewer episodes of pain per week (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl1">Table 1</a> and fewer hours of pain per day. There were decreases in the intensity of morning pain (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl2">Table 2</a>, gait pain (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl3">Table 3</a> and pain while standing upright, all assessed using a VAS for pain.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl1"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl2"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl3"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="para360" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There was a decrease in the intensity of pain in the calcaneus region (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl4">Table 4</a> and in the gastrocnemius (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl5">Table 5</a>, as measured using Fischer's algometer. Most of the patients had reduced their intake of analgesic medication at 12 months after the treatment (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl6">Table 6</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl4"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl5"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl6"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="para370" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Comparison between the groups showed that there was no statistically significant difference in any of the parameters used for the evaluation.</p></span><span id="cesec80" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle130">DISCUSSION</span><p id="para380" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The plantar fascia is one of the most important static support structures of the medial longitudinal arch. Plantar fasciitis consists of inflammation of this structure and occurs through repeated microtrauma at the origin of the medial tuberosity of the calcaneus. The traction forces during weight-bearing lead to an inflammatory process that results in fibrosis and degeneration (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib11">11</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib14">14</a>). Calcaneal spurs and plantar nerve incarceration may be associated with the inflammatory process (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib15">15</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib16">16</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib18">18</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib21">21</a>). Women are affected more than men. Plantar fasciitis is associated with obesity and the climacteric syndrome (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib11">11</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib16">16</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib22">22</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib23">23</a>).</p><p id="para390" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the present study, women were more affected: 34 female patients (85%) <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">vs.</span> six male patients (15%). Thirty-five of the patients (88%) were overweight, and the mean age of the group was 49.6±11.8 years. Thirty-three patients (83%) were using analgesics prior to the treatment, and 73% of the patients in this study had not undergone any previous treatments.</p><p id="para400" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The presence of plantar fasciitis is related to professional and leisure activities that require weight-bearing (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib16">16</a>), without any relationship with loss of strength, muscle trophism or range of motion. The majority of the patients in the present study (66%) worked standing up, and 40% of them habitually performed some type of physical activity that involved impact. These findings demonstrate the importance of mechanical factors in the etiopathogenesis of this disease. None of the patients in this study presented any loss of strength or diminished range of motion. Ninety-five percent of these patients reported having morning pain, 90% during gait and 92.5% while standing upright.</p><p id="para410" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Morning pain is an important assessment criterion of plantar fasciitis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib6">6</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib7">7</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib17">17</a>). In the present study, morning pain measured using a VAS for pain before the treatment showed scores greater than or equal to 5 for all the patients. After the treatment, 33 of the 40 patients had VAS scores of less than 2, showing that both treatments were effective for pain reduction.</p><p id="para420" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Plantar fasciitis leads to a gait in which weight is borne on the side of the foot or on the forefoot (toes) because of pain in the medial region of the calcaneus or at the proximal insertion of the plantar fascia. This altered gate causes a shortening of the Achilles tendon and pain in the medial portion of the calcaneus and gastrocnemius (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib11">11</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib14">14</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib15">15</a>). The use of Fischer's algometer provided a simple and reproducible means of quantifying the pain in the medial tuberosity of the calcaneus and medial portion of the gastrocnemius. At the first evaluation, 17% of the treated feet presented intense pain in the calcaneus (up to 4 kg in Fischer's algometer), and 34% of the patients did not have any significant pain in the gastrocnemius. These findings differ from the literature, which reports intense pain at these two sites in the majority of patients (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib11">11</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib14">14</a>). In the present study, the patients had greater pain in the gastrocnemius than in the calcaneus, showing the importance of muscle shortening in maintaining pain.</p><p id="para430" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Plantar fasciitis is often bilateral (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1">1</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib14">14</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib24">24</a>), and in the present study, 63% of the cases had this condition in both feet. The use of shockwaves in cases of acute inflammatory processes (present for less than three months) is contraindicated because it may lead to a worsening of the symptoms (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib18">18</a>). The present sample only included chronic plantar fasciitis cases.</p><p id="para440" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Thickening of the plantar fascia beyond 4 mm is related to intense pain and functional limitation (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib21">21</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib23">23</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib25">25</a>), but this relationship was not observed in the present study sample. The thickness of the plantar fascia ranged from 4 to 9 mm in our sample. There was no decrease in the range of motion of the ankle joint, in contrast to other reports, which have hypothesized that amplitude reductions occurred as a consequence of the disease (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib24">24</a>).</p><p id="para450" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Surgical treatment for plantar fasciitis is exceptional and does not always produce good results, with recurrence in up to 30% of the cases (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib25">25–27</a>). Conservative treatment is always the first choice (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib10">10</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib11">11</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib14">14</a>). The application of therapeutic ultrasound, accompanied by stretching exercises, is one of the physiotherapeutic procedures most indicated for plantar fasciitis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib10">10</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib13">13</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib14">14</a>),. In the present study, the continuous form of ultrasound was used, with constant wave intensity at a dose of 1.2 W/cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>. The doses that have been used and described in the literature range from 0.1 to 4.0 W/cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib31">31</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib32">32</a>). The use of higher doses in cases of plantar fasciitis is justified by the thickness of the corneal layer in the calcaneal region (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib31">31</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib32">32</a>). We chose to use a lower dose with continuous flow for greater safety.</p><p id="para460" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Radial shockwave therapy has shown good results without side effects, but it is still a relatively new and expensive technology, and it needs to be evaluated comparatively with other types of conservative treatment (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib6">6–12</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib7">19</a>),. In the present study, no complications resulting from the use of radial shockwaves were observed.</p><p id="para470" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of shockwaves in comparison with conventional physiotherapy treatment for plantar fasciitis. All the patients were advised to perform active stretching exercises on the gastrocnemius and plantar fascia twice a day to improve their ankle flexibility, but only group 1 underwent a kinesiotherapy program, under the guidance of a physiotherapist, at all the treatment sessions. The consistency of the advice, which was repeated in all the sessions, may have been one of the factors that contributed most to their adherence to the exercise program and change of habits. When this treatment is applied with care and discernment, it produces good results, even if it depends on the guidance and coaching of a physiotherapist. The present study also showed that there was no need for high doses of ultrasound to achieve pain improvements.</p><p id="para480" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In group 2, the patients were advised individually to actively stretch the gastrocnemius and plantar fascia, but they did not undergo any specific kinesiotherapy program during the treatment sessions and did not have any subsequent follow-up. All the guidance was given in the three treatment sessions and during the evaluations. It is possible that the shockwave therapy was more efficient (with a faster effect) in dealing with pain than a conventional physiotherapy program would have been, but a wide-ranging rehabilitation program carried out carefully and in a well-guided manner increases patient adherence and is capable of promoting pain relief and functional improvements among patients with plantar fasciitis.</p><p id="para490" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After 12 months of follow-up, both groups maintained their alleviation of morning pain, gait pain and pain when standing upright. The number of hours per day with pain and number of pain crises per week decreased, and the use of analgesics likewise decreased. There was no difference in the efficacy of the two treatments, but shockwave therapy provided faster pain relief. Active stretching of the gastrocnemius muscle and the plantar fascia may improve the painful symptoms of plantar fasciitis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib11">11</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib29">29</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib30">30</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib33">33</a>). This advice, given in all the treatment sessions, may have been decisive in maintaining the improvement in the two groups. The improvement in foot and ankle functional ability, particularly regarding gait, is a major factor in maintaining the improvement achieved (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1">1</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib11">11</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib14">14</a>).</p><p id="para500" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Correctly making a clinical diagnosis of plantar fasciitis, combined with the provision of a simple but well-implemented rehabilitation program, was the determining factor in achieving good results, demonstrating that sophisticated resources or technologies are not always necessary (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib33">33–35</a>). However, some results (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib4">4</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib22">22</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib36">36</a>) have been discordant from those of Ogden (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib37">37</a>), who showed that shockwaves were superior for treating plantar fasciitis, with disappearance of the symptoms in 90% of the cases treated. The long clinical evolution of plantar fasciitis, together with difficulties in changing habits (weight loss, use of appropriate footwear and adherence to an exercise program), which are necessary for maintaining the improvements, means that many cases of plantar fasciitis evolve with increasing pain and incapacity that may persist for many months or even years. The use of shockwaves in these specific cases may produce better results because of the type of physiological effect they have on the thick tissues of the plantar fascia and calcaneal tendon (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib37">37</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib38">38</a>). The present study on chronic patients did not show any difference between the two therapeutic methods used, indicating that good physiotherapeutic guidance, even if simple, may have equivalent success to shockwaves.</p><p id="para510" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The use of shockwaves should be considered in treating plantar fasciitis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib7">7</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib37">37</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib38">38</a>). There are indications that this treatment is better than other treatments and diminishes the progression of the disease. The best indication might be plantar fasciitis of a more chronic nature that has not responded to conventional physiotherapeutic treatments. However, conventional physiotherapy associated with appropriate guidance for stretching exercises can also be considered in early cases, especially those that have not been treated previously.</p><p id="para520" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has some important limitations. First, it showed that the best indication for shockwave treatment of plantar fasciitis would not be chronic cases that did not respond well to conventional physiotherapy treatments. No assessments were made regarding the thickness of the plantar fascia, but it would also be important to assess the existence of a correlation between this thickness and pain. Unfortunately, we could not provide a standardized shoe/footbed for the volunteers, but it would be important to control for this variable because it may correlate with improvements in symptoms.</p><p id="para530" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The two treatments evaluated here were effective for maintaining the improvements in pain and functional ability among the patients with plantar fasciitis until the follow-up 12 months after the treatment.</p></span><span id="cesec90" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle140">AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS</span><p id="para540" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Grecco MV collected and analyzed the data and prepared the manuscript. Brech GC analyzed the data and prepared the manuscript. Greve JM supervised the study and revised the manuscript.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1581270" "titulo" => "KEYWORDS" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cesec10" "titulo" => "INTRODUCTION" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cesec20" "titulo" => "METHODS" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cesec30" "titulo" => "Sample" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cesec40" "titulo" => "Evaluation protocol" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cesec50" "titulo" => "Treatment protocol" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cesec60" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cesec70" "titulo" => "RESULTS" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cesec80" "titulo" => "DISCUSSION" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cesec90" "titulo" => "AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS" ] 6 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2013-02-04" "fechaAceptado" => "2013-04-01" "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "KEYWORDS" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1581270" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Plantar Fasciitis" 1 => "Shockwave Therapy" 2 => "Physiotherapy" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:1 [ "en" => array:2 [ "resumen" => "<span id="ceabs10" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle10">OBJECTIVE</span><p id="spara140" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To compare radial shockwave treatment with conventional physiotherapy for plantar fasciitis after 12 months of follow-up.</p></span> <span id="ceabs20" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle20">METHOD</span><p id="spara150" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was a randomized, prospective, comparative clinical study. Forty patients with a diagnosis of plantar fasciitis were divided randomly into two treatment groups: group 1, with 20 patients who underwent ten physiotherapy sessions comprising ultrasound, kinesiotherapy and guidance for home-based stretching; and group 2, with 20 patients who underwent three applications of radial shockwaves, once a week, and guidance for home-based stretching. All patients were assessed regarding pain and functional abilities before treatment, immediately after and 12 months after treatment. The mean age was 49.6±11.8 years (range: 25-68 years), 85% were female, 88% were overweight, 63% were affected bilaterally, and 83% used analgesics regularly.</p></span> <span id="ceabs30" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle30">RESULTS</span><p id="spara160" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">At the 12-month follow-up, both treatments were effective for improving pain and functional ability among the patients with plantar fasciitis. The improvement with shockwaves was faster.</p></span> <span id="ceabs40" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cestitle40">CONCLUSION</span><p id="spara170" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Shockwave treatment was not more effective than conventional physiotherapy treatment 12 months after the end of the treatment.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "ceabs10" "titulo" => "OBJECTIVE" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "ceabs20" "titulo" => "METHOD" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "ceabs30" "titulo" => "RESULTS" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "ceabs40" "titulo" => "CONCLUSION" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara80">No potential conflict of interest was reported.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:6 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl1" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="TFN01t01" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No significant difference was detected (Mann-Whitney test) between the two groups (p>0.05).</p><p id="spara20" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Group 1 – ten physiotherapy sessions (ultrasound and kinesiotherapy); Group 2 – three shockwave therapy sessions; Evaluation 1 – before treatment; Evaluation 2 – immediately after treatment; Evaluation 3 – three months after treatment; Evaluation 4 – one year after treatment.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Weekly frequency of pain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Group 1</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN02t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">No pain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">9 (45%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">10 (50%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">9 (45%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Pain once a week \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Pain twice a week or more \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">20 (100%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">9 (45%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">7 (35%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">9 (45%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] 1 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Group 2</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN02t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">No pain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">8 (40%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">9 (45%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">14 (70%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Pain once a week \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">1 (5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Pain twice a week or more \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">20 (100%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">12 (60%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">10 (50%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">6 (30%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "TFN02t01" "etiqueta" => "∗" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara10">Friedman test comparing the four evaluations within each group.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spara10" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution of weekly periodicity of pain symptoms in groups 1 and 2 before and after the treatment (immediately, three months and one year after the treatment).</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl2" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="TFN01t04" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No significant difference was detected (Mann-Whitney test) between the two groups (p>0.05).</p><p id="spara40" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">VAS: visual analog scale</p><p id="spara50" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Group 1 - ten physiotherapy sessions (ultrasound and kinesiotherapy); Group 2 - three shockwave therapy sessions; Evaluation 1 - before treatment; Evaluation 2 - immediately after treatment; Evaluation 3 - three months after treatment; Evaluation 4 - one year after treatment.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">VAS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Group 1</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN05t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Good (0-1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">11 (55%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">13 (65%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">16 (80%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Fair (2-5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">1 (5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">5 (25%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">5 (25%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Poor (6-10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">19 (95%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (20%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] 1 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Group 2</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN05t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Good (0-1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">10 (50%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">14 (70%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">17 (85%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Fair (2-5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (20%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">5 (25%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (20%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Poor (6-10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">14 (70%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">5 (25%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">1 (5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "TFN05t01" "etiqueta" => "∗" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara20">Friedman test comparing the four evaluations within each group.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spara30" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution of intensity of morning pain in groups 1 and 2 before and after the treatment (immediately, three months and one year after the treatment).</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl3" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="TFN01t08" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No significant difference was detected (Mann-Whitney test) between the two groups (p>0.05).</p><p id="spara70" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">VAS: visual analog scale</p><p id="spara80" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Group 1 - ten physiotherapy sessions (ultrasound and kinesiotherapy); Group 2 - three shockwave therapy sessions; Evaluation 1 - before treatment; Evaluation 2 - immediately after treatment; Evaluation 3 - three months after treatment; Evaluation 4 - one year after treatment.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">VAS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Group 1</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN010t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Good (0-1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">14 (70%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">15 (75%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">19 (95%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Fair (2-5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (20%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Poor (6-10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">14 (70%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">1 (5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] 1 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Group 2</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN010t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Good (0-1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">11 (55%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">14 (70%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">15 (75%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Fair (2-5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (20%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (10%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Poor (6-10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">14 (70%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">6 (30%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "TFN010t01" "etiqueta" => "∗" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara30">Friedman test comparing the four evaluations within each group.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spara60" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution of intensity of gait pain in groups 1 and 2 before and after the treatment (immediately, three months and one year after the treatment).</p>" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl4" "etiqueta" => "Table 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="TFN01t012" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No significant difference was detected (Mann-Whitney test) between the two groups (p>0.05).</p><p id="spara100" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Group 1 - ten physiotherapy sessions (ultrasound and kinesiotherapy); Group 2 - three shockwave therapy sessions; Evaluation 1 - before treatment; Evaluation 2 - immediately after treatment; Evaluation 3 - three months after treatment; Evaluation 4 - one year after treatment.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle" scope="col">Fischer's algometer (calcaneus) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Group 1</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="justify" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="justify" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN013t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Up to 4 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">5 (16%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 4 and up to 6 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">8 (25%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">1 (3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 6 and up to 8 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">14 (44%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">5 (16%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">3 (9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">2 (6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="justify" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 8 and up to 10 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">3 (9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">9 (28%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">1 (3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">5 (16%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">No pain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">2 (6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">17 (53%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">28 (88%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">25 (78%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] 1 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="middle" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Group 2</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="justify" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="justify" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN013t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Up to 4 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">6 (18%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">1 (3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 4 and up to 6 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">14 (42%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 6 and up to 8 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">10 (30%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">4 (12%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">1 (3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="justify" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 8 and up to 10 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">3 (9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">6 (18%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">5 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">5 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">No pain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">22 (67%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">28(85%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="bottom">27 (82%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "TFN013t01" "etiqueta" => "∗" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara40">Friedman test comparing the four evaluations within each group.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spara90" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution of patients according to Fischer's algometer (calcaneus) in groups 1 and 2 before and after the treatment (immediately, three months and one year after the treatment).</p>" ] ] 4 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl5" "etiqueta" => "Table 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="TFN01t015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">No significant difference was detected (Mann-Whitney test) between the two groups (p>0.05).</p><p id="spara120" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Group 1 - ten physiotherapy sessions (ultrasound and kinesiotherapy); Group 2 - three shockwave therapy sessions; Evaluation 1 - before treatment; Evaluation 2 - immediately after treatment; Evaluation 3 - three months after treatment; Evaluation 4 - one year after treatment.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Fischer's algometer (gastrocnemius) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Group 1</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN016t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Up to 4 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">9 (28%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 4 and up to 6 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">8 (25%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (13%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">5 (16%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">13 (41%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 6 and up to 8 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">7 (22%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (13%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">9 (28%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 8 and up to 10 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (13%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">No pain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">13 (41%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">15 (47%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">17 (53%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">5 (16%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] 1 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="4" align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Group 2</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Evaluation 4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN016t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Up to 4 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">16 (48%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">5 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">4 (12%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 4 and up to 6 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">7 (21%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">6 (18%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">7 (21%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">10 (30%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 6 and up to 8 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">1 (3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">7 (31%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">16 (48%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">More than 8 and up to 10 kg \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">0 (0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">5 (15%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">No pain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">9 (27%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">17 (52%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">15 (45%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">2 (6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "TFN016t01" "etiqueta" => "∗" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara50">Friedman test comparing the four evaluations within each group.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spara110" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribution of patients according to Fischer's algometer (gastrocnemius) in groups 1 and 2 before and after the treatment (immediately, three months and one year after the treatment).</p>" ] ] 5 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl6" "etiqueta" => "Table 6" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:2 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Patients who ceased using analgesics within one year after the treatment</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Patients who were using analgesics before the treatment<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN018t01">†</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#TFN019t01">∗</a>) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">Yes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Treatment 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">14 (82.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (17.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">17 (100%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">1.000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="top">Treatment 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">13 (81.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">3 (18.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="top">16 (100%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "TFN018t01" "etiqueta" => "†" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara60">Three patients in Group 1 and four in Group 2 were not using analgesics before the treatment.</p>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "TFN019t01" "etiqueta" => "∗" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="cenpara70">Fisher's exact test.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spara130" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Frequencies and percentages of patients who had ceased using analgesics within one year after the treatment.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cebibsec10" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:38 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Plantar fasciopathy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ JD Rompe \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Sport Med Arthrosc Rev" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "17" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "100" "paginaFinal" => "104" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Shock wave therapy in musculoskeletal disorders" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => """ JA Ogden \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ RG Alvarez \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ R Levitt \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ M Marlow \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Orthop Relat Res" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "387" "paginaInicial" => "22" "paginaFinal" => "40" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib3" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Principles of shock wave therapy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => """ JA Ogden \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ A Tóth-Kischkat \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ R Schultheiss \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Orthop Relat Res" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "387" "paginaInicial" => "8" "paginaFinal" => "17" ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib4" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for plantar fasciitis: randomised controlled multicentre trial" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => """ M Haake \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ M Buch \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ C Schollner \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ F Goebel \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ M Vogel \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 5 => """ I Mueller \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/bmj.327.7406.75" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMJ" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "327" "numero" => "406" "paginaInicial" => "75" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12855524" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib5" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dose related effects of shock wave on rabbit tendon Achilles" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => """ JD Rompe \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ CJ Kirkpatrick \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ K Kullmer \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ M Schwitalle \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ O Krischek \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1302/0301-620x.80b3.8434" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Bone J Bone Joint Surg Br" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "80" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "546" "paginaFinal" => "552" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9619954" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib6" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Radial Shock Wave Therapy in Heel Spurs" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => """ G Haupt \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ R Diesch \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ T Straub \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ E Penninger \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ T Frolich \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 5 => """ J Scholl \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Der Nieder Gelassene Chirurg" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "6" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "6" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib7" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Gerdesmeyer L, Weil L, Maier M, Lohrer H, Frey C, Feder K, et al. Treatement of Painful Heel. Swiss Dolor Clast: Summary of Clinics Study Results-FDA/PMA Approval May 2007" ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib8" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Orthopaedics" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => """ L Gerdesmeyer \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ H Gollwitzer \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ P Diehl \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ K Wagner \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Miner Stoffwechs" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "11" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "36" "paginaFinal" => "39" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib9" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Radial shock wave therapy is safe and effective in the treatment of chronic racalcitrant plantar fasciitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => """ L Gerdesmeyer \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ C Frey \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ J Vester \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ M Maier \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ L Weil Jr \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 5 => """ l Weil Sr \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1177/0363546508324176" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Sports Med" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "36" "numero" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "2100" "paginaFinal" => "2109" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18832341" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib10" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Ultra-som contínuo no tratamento da fasciite plantar crônica" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => """ RG Zanon \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ A Kundrat \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ M Imamura \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Acta Ortop Bras" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "14" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "137" "paginaFinal" => "140" ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib11" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Plantar Fasciitis: diagnosis and therapeutic considerations" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ M Roxas \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Alt Med Rev" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "10" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "83" "paginaFinal" => "93" ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib12" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Plantar Fasciitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ DD Dyck \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/00042752-200409000-00010" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin J Sport Med" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "14" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "305" "paginaFinal" => "309" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15377971" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib13" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Plantar Fasciitis: evaluation and treatment" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => """ SK Neufeld \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ R Cerrato \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.5435/00124635-200806000-00006" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Am Acad Orthop Surg" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "16" "numero" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "338" "paginaFinal" => "346" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18524985" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib14" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Current Concepts Review: Plantar Fasciitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ AC League \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Foot and Ankle Int" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "29" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "358" "paginaFinal" => "366" ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib15" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A review of plantar heel pain of neural origin: differential diagnosis and management" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => """ AM Alshami \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ T Sourbis \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ MW Coppieters \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.math.2007.01.014" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Man Ther" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "13" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "103" "paginaFinal" => "111" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17400020" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib16" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Factors associated with chronic plantar heel pain: a systematic review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => """ DB Irving \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ JL Cook \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ HB Meng \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Sci Med Sport" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "9" "numero" => "1-2" "paginaInicial" => "11" "paginaFinal" => "22" ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib17" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "ESWT for chronic proximal plantar fasciitis:225 patients with results and outcomes predictors" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => """ B Chuckpaiwong \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ GH Theodore \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1053/j.jfas.2008.11.001" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Foot Ankle Surg" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "48" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "148" "paginaFinal" => "155" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19232966" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib18" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Correlation Between the Duration of Pain and the Success of Shock Wave Therapy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => """ K Helbig \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ C Herbert \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ T Schostok \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ M Brown \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ R Thiele \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Orthop Relat Res" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "387" "paginaInicial" => "68" "paginaFinal" => "71" ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib19" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Preliminary experience of a single session of low-energy ESWT for chronic plantar fasciitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => """ L Hofling \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ A Joukainer \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Foot Ankle Inter" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "19" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "150" "paginaFinal" => "154" ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib20" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Comparison of radial shockwaves and conventional physiotherapy for treating plantar fasciitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => """ JM Greve \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ MV Grecco \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ PR Santos-Silva \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clinics" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "64" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "97" "paginaFinal" => "103" ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib21" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Ultrasonographic evaluation at 6-month follow-up of plantar fasciitis after ESWT" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => """ DS Hammer \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ F Adam \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ A Kreutz \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ S Rupp \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ D Kohn \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 5 => """ R Seil \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00402-003-0591-z" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Orthop Trauma Surg" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "125" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "6" "paginaFinal" => "9" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14530990" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib22" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shockwave therapy for plantar fasciitis: a randomized controlled trial" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => """ R Buchbinder \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ R Ptasznik \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ J Gordon \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ J Buchanan \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ V Prabaharan \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 5 => """ A Forbes \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1001/jama.288.11.1364" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "288" "numero" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "1364" "paginaFinal" => "1372" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12234230" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib23" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Thinner plantar fascia predicts decreased pain after shock wave therapy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => """ WH Liang \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ TG Wang \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ WS Chen \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ SM Hou \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Orthop and Relat Res" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "460" "paginaInicial" => "219" "paginaFinal" => "225" ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib24" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Reabilitação da Perna, do Tornozelo e do Pé" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ EP Mulligan \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "editores" => "JRAndrews, KEWilk, GLHarrelson" "titulo" => "Reabilitação Física das Lesões Desportivas" "paginaInicial" => "224" "edicion" => "2end ed" "serieFecha" => "2000" ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib25" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Extracorporeal shockwave treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis: indication, protocol intermediate results and comparison of results to fascitomy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => """ LS Weil Jr \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ TS Roukis \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ AH Borrelli \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Foot Ankle Surg" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "41" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "166" "paginaFinal" => "172" ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib26" "etiqueta" => "26" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Shockwave therapy for patients with plantar fasciitis: a one-year follow-up study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => """ CJ Wang \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ HS Chen \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ TW Huang \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Foot Ankle Int" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "23" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "204" "paginaFinal" => "207" ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib27" "etiqueta" => "27" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in patients with chronic proximal plantar fasciitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => """ DS Hammer \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ S Rupp \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ A Kreutz \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ D Pape \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ D Kohn \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 5 => """ R Seil \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1177/107110070202300403" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Foot Ankle Int" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "23" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "309" "paginaFinal" => "313" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11991475" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib28" "etiqueta" => "28" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Shock Wave Therapy for chronic plantar fasciopathy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => """ JD Rompe \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ J Fúria \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ L Weil \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ N Maffulli \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/bmb/ldm005" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Br Med Bull" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "81-82" "paginaInicial" => "183" "paginaFinal" => "208" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456546" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 28 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib29" "etiqueta" => "29" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effectiveness of calf muscle stretching for the short-term treatment of plantar heel pain: a randomized trial" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ JA Radford \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Musculoskeletal Disord" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "36" ] ] ] ] ] ] 29 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib30" "etiqueta" => "30" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Tissue-specific plantar fascia-stretching exercise enhances outcomes in patients with chronics heel pain" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => """ BF DiGiovanni \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ DA Nawoczenski \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ ME Lintal \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ EA Moore \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ JC Murray \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 5 => """ GE Wilding \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Bone Joint Surg Am" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "85-A" "numero" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "1270" "paginaFinal" => "1277" ] ] ] ] ] ] 30 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib31" "etiqueta" => "31" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Therapeutic applications of ultrasound" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ G ter Haar \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2006.07.005" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Prog Biophys Mol Biol" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "93" "numero" => "1-3" "paginaInicial" => "111" "paginaFinal" => "129" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16930682" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 31 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib32" "etiqueta" => "32" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dosage and treatment response in randomized clinical trials of therapeutic ultrasound" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ VJ Robertson \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Phys Ther Sport" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "124" "paginaFinal" => "133" ] ] ] ] ] ] 32 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib33" "etiqueta" => "33" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Plantar Fasciitis: What's an evidence-Informed consumer to do" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ SR Harris \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3138/physio/60/1/3" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Physiother Can" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "60" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "3" "paginaFinal" => "9" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20145737" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 33 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib34" "etiqueta" => "34" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The relation between conservative treatment and heel pain duration in plantar fasciitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => """ T Marabha \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ M Al-Amani \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ Z Dahmashe \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ K Rashdan \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ A Hadid \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Kuwait Medical Journal" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "40" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "130" "paginaFinal" => "132" ] ] ] ] ] ] 34 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib35" "etiqueta" => "35" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Conservative therapy for plantar fasciitis: a narrative review of randomized controlled trials" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => """ K Stuber \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ K Kristmanson \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Can Chiropr Assoc" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "50" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "118" "paginaFinal" => "133" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17549177" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 35 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib36" "etiqueta" => "36" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for plantar fasciitis: a double blind randomized controlled trial" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => """ CA Speed \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ D Nichols \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ J Wies \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 3 => """ H Humphreys \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 4 => """ C Richards \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 5 => """ S Burnet \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Orthop Res" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "21" "numero" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "937" "paginaFinal" => "940" ] ] ] ] ] ] 36 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib37" "etiqueta" => "37" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Shockwave Therapy in Plantar Fasciitis: A meta-analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => """ JA Ogden \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 1 => """ RG Alvarez \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ 2 => """ M Marlow \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1177/107110070202300402" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Foot Ankle Int" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "23" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "301" "paginaFinal" => "308" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11991474" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 37 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib38" "etiqueta" => "38" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Repetitive Low Energy Shock Wave Treatment is Effective for Chronic Simptomatic Plantar Fasciitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => """ JD Rompe \n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t """ ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00167-006-0238-z" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "15" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "107" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17177054" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/18075932/0000006800000008/v1_202212010718/S1807593222016416/v1_202212010718/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => null "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/18075932/0000006800000008/v1_202212010718/S1807593222016416/v1_202212010718/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593222016416?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| 2024 October | 38 | 20 | 58 |
| 2024 September | 46 | 22 | 68 |
| 2024 August | 87 | 13 | 100 |
| 2024 July | 42 | 21 | 63 |
| 2024 June | 33 | 18 | 51 |
| 2024 May | 39 | 14 | 53 |
| 2024 April | 53 | 15 | 68 |
| 2024 March | 23 | 17 | 40 |
| 2024 February | 22 | 15 | 37 |
| 2024 January | 16 | 8 | 24 |
| 2023 December | 11 | 15 | 26 |
| 2023 November | 16 | 23 | 39 |
| 2023 October | 12 | 22 | 34 |
| 2023 September | 14 | 27 | 41 |
| 2023 August | 15 | 8 | 23 |
| 2023 July | 12 | 20 | 32 |
| 2023 June | 20 | 53 | 73 |
| 2023 May | 45 | 3 | 48 |
| 2023 April | 35 | 1 | 36 |
| 2023 March | 13 | 1 | 14 |
| 2023 February | 23 | 2 | 25 |
| 2023 January | 4 | 11 | 15 |
| 2022 December | 28 | 4 | 32 |
Show all