Editorials
Water pollution and the brain
Fulvio A. Scorzaa,b,c, Feres Chaddad-Netoc,d, Larissa Beltramima,b, Josef Finsterere, Tomás de la Rosaf,g,h,
Corresponding author
a Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
b Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar (MDA), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
c Unidade de Neurocirurgia do Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
d Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
e Neurology and Neurophysiology Center, Vienna, Austria
f Neuroscience Department, Universidad de Cádiz, Facultad de Medicina 3 Planta, Cádiz, Spain
g Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
h Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Read
893
Timeswas read the article
189
Total PDF
704
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:22 [ "pii" => "S1807593224001017" "issn" => "18075932" "doi" => "10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100424" "estado" => "S250" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01" "aid" => "100424" "copyright" => "HCFMUSP" "copyrightAnyo" => "2024" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "edi" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "itemSiguiente" => array:17 [ "pii" => "S1807593224001029" "issn" => "18075932" "doi" => "10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100425" "estado" => "S250" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01" "aid" => "100425" "copyright" => "HCFMUSP" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "edi" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:8 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>" "titulo" => "Contextualizing stigma in Parkinson's disease research" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Tomás de la Rosa, Fúlvio Alexandre Scorza" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Tomás" "apellidos" => "de la Rosa" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fúlvio Alexandre" "apellidos" => "Scorza" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593224001029?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18075932/000000790000000C/v123_202411010523/S1807593224001029/v123_202411010523/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:17 [ "pii" => "S1807593224000322" "issn" => "18075932" "doi" => "10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100355" "estado" => "S250" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01" "aid" => "100355" "copyright" => "HCFMUSP" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "edi" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:8 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorials</span>" "titulo" => "It is time to spread the message of high-quality layperson cardiopulmonary resuscitation all over the world" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Naomi Kondo Nakagawa, Andrew Lockey, Maria José Carvalho Carmona, Amber Hoover, Prama Nanda, Bernd Walter Böttiger" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Naomi Kondo" "apellidos" => "Nakagawa" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Andrew" "apellidos" => "Lockey" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Maria José Carvalho" "apellidos" => "Carmona" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Amber" "apellidos" => "Hoover" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Prama" "apellidos" => "Nanda" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Bernd Walter" "apellidos" => "Böttiger" ] 6 => array:1 [ "colaborador" => "WRAH collaborators" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593224000322?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/18075932/000000790000000C/v123_202411010523/S1807593224000322/v123_202411010523/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorials</span>" "titulo" => "Water pollution and the brain" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Fulvio A. Scorza, Feres Chaddad-Neto, Larissa Beltramim, Josef Finsterer, Tomás de la Rosa" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Fulvio A." "apellidos" => "Scorza" "referencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0003" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Feres" "apellidos" => "Chaddad-Neto" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0003" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0004" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Larissa" "apellidos" => "Beltramim" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Josef" "apellidos" => "Finsterer" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 4 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Tomás" "apellidos" => "de la Rosa" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "tomas.rosa@uca.es" ] "referencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff0006" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span>" "identificador" => "aff0007" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">h</span>" "identificador" => "aff0008" ] 3 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0001" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:8 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar (MDA), São Paulo, SP, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidade de Neurocirurgia do Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa, São Paulo, SP, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0003" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0004" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Neurology and Neurophysiology Center, Vienna, Austria" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 5 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Neuroscience Department, Universidad de Cádiz, Facultad de Medicina 3 Planta, Cádiz, Spain" "etiqueta" => "f" "identificador" => "aff0006" ] 6 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain" "etiqueta" => "g" "identificador" => "aff0007" ] 7 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "h" "identificador" => "aff0008" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0001" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="para0001" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Water is an essential nutrient.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1-3</span></a> Water is the main component of cells, tissues, and organs and accounts for 50 %‒70 % of a young adult's body weight.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0004"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4-6</span></a> For example, a 70 kg human contains 42 liters of total body water, of which 28 liters are intracellular water and 14 liters are extracellular fluids.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0004"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4-7</span></a> In general, water consumption is regulated by thirst.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> According to experts, humans consume 20 % to 30 % of water in the form of solid food, while 70 % to 80 % comes from drinks, depending on the food choice and type of drink.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Current guidelines recommend that sedentary adults drink an average of 2 liters of water per day.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0002"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Total body water weight varies throughout life and is essential for cellular homeostasis (the ability of cells to keep the organism in constant balance even in the face of external fluctuations).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0009"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> Consequently, an adequate level of fluid intake is required for the optimal functioning of the systems of the human body such as the central and peripheral nervous system, kidneys, liver, digestive tract, reproductive system, and respiratory and cardiovascular systems.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0009"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> Without going into detail, the best source of liquids is, surprisingly, the water itself! Although Brazil is privileged because the studied country contains approximately 12 % of all fresh water on the planet, the water sources are contaminated by a wide variety of factors, such as the irregular disposal of industrial waste, garbage, and other urban waste, waste from agriculture, industrial or mining activities and deforestation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Catastrophically poor water quality has serious impacts on human health, including our brains. The human brain is considered the most complex system in our body.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> The brain, which is responsible for our sensations, emotions, thinking, language, and consciousness, consists of 86 billion neurons and weighs about 1.5 kg.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0011"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0012"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> The human brain is in constant change throughout life and is therefore a plastic and adaptable organ.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0013"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0014"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Unfortunately, the negative consequences of environmental pollutants in drinking water are also associated with a deterioration in brain functions and the possible development of neuropsychiatric diseases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> In fact, a number of industrial processes use large amounts of water, and the wastewater produced by these processes has the potential to pollute residential water supplies.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> The chemicals that enter the water supply in this way primarily include inorganic salts and organic compounds, which pose health risks and can have massive neurological effects.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> For example, acrylamide in drinking water can cause neurotoxic side effects such as tremors, peripheral neuropathy, and sensory ataxia (difficulty or inability to maintain motor coordination).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0016"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16-18</span></a> Several epidemiological studies examining dietary intake of acrylamide and cancer risk have shown positive associations with the occurrence of endometrial, ovarian, and renal cell cancers.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0016"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16-18</span></a> In animal studies, the incidence of brain tumors increased when acrylamide was administered in drinking water, and a similar trend was also evident in studies with humans.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0016"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16-18</span></a> In addition, cases of poisoning have been observed after drinking water from freshly plastered pipes or wells (plaster made with acrylamide).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0016"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16-18</span></a> In this way, serious neurotoxic effects have been observed in these individuals, including hallucinations and memory impairment.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0016"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16-18</span></a> Additionally, it is important to highlight that substances applied to agricultural crops (e.g., pesticides) often drain into water supply sources.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> In addition, livestock activities can also introduce animal waste and bacteria into water runoff, and the flow of chemical products from gardens can contribute to water contamination.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> In fact, it is well known that pesticide residues have serious effects on human health.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0019"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> From a neurological perspective, it has been demonstrated that some types of pesticides (e.g., carbamates, organochlorines, and organophosphates) can cause serious irreversible damage to the brain and are considered potential risk factors for the development of neurodegenerative diseases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0019"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19-21</span></a> In parallel, several pesticides have harmful neurological effects and indirectly unbalance the cellular mechanisms that maintain brain activity.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0019"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19-21</span></a> Additionally, exposure of agricultural workers to pesticides increases the incidence of anxiety and depression, which has a major impact on mental health.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0019"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19-21</span></a> Suicide cases among these individuals rose twice as high as the national average.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0019"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19-21</span></a> Ironically, another threat to the quality of water reservoirs lies in the practices to improve drinking water quality.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0022"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0023"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> Alumina, a harmful material for bleaching and precipitating organic matter, can increase aluminum levels in water.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0022"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0023"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> Accordingly, epidemiological evidence clearly demonstrates that aluminum levels in drinking water are associated with the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease and that these patients have excessive accumulation of aluminum in the brain tissue.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0022"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0023"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> At the same time, as many people in the world are exposed to other toxic metals in drinking water, there is also great concern in the scientific community about the toxic effects of arsenic, lead, and cadmium on the human brain.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0024"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> In fact, several studies have shown that chronic consumption of these metals through drinking water leads to changes in cognitive abilities and impaired sensory and motor functions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0024"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> Another important aspect is the contamination of water by pharmaceutical waste.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0026"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> According to health authorities, about half of the population takes at least one prescribed medication every thirty days, and some of these chemicals gradually leak into waterways,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0026"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> having undesirable consequences on human health. In fact, recent studies have shown that the presence of drug residues in the environment (e.g., food and water for consumption) can have negative effects on brain development and pose a serious threat to the health and lives of current and future generations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0026"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> Although each of the environmental pollutants present in water has a distinctive neurotoxicity profile, inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms play a role important in the brain changes caused by most of these chemicals.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0027"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0028"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> In this sense, the introduction of therapeutic strategies that reduce absorption, increase excretion and prevent or minimize the harmful effects of environmental pollutants present in water or tissues and organs is fundamental today.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0029"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">,</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> In general, water pollution must be viewed as a serious public health problem and ensuring the supply of safe drinking water for all is a challenging task.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0031"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> In that regard, the appropriate and effective implementation of public policies to deal with water pollution problems is important. In addition, the development of educational campaigns is extremely necessary to provide our population with accurate and up-to-date information that water is a scarce resource and that consuming or ingesting contaminated water causes serious harm to our mental and organic health.</p><span id="sec0001" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0002">Authors’ contributions</span><p id="para0002" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All authors contributed equally to the conceptualization, writing, and reviewing of the present manuscript.</p></span><span id="sec0002" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0003">Funding</span><p id="para0003" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our studies are supported by the following grants: FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo); CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and ‘Juan de la Cierva’ grant financed by (MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and by European Social Fund (FSE+)</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0001" "titulo" => "Authors’ contributions" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0002" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2024-04-28" "fechaAceptado" => "2024-06-10" "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cebibsec1" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:31 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0001" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Sudden unexpected death in Parkinson's disease: why is drinking water important?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F.S. Menezes-Rodrigues" 1 => "C.S. Scorza" 2 => "A.C. Fiorini" 3 => "A. Caricati-Neto" 4 => "C.A. Scorza" 5 => "J. Finsterer" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.2217/nmt-2019-0010" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Neurodegener Dis Manag" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "9" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "241" "paginaFinal" => "246" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31407618" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0002" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Human water needs" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.N Sawka" 1 => "SN Cheuvront" 2 => "R Carter 3rd" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00152.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nutr Rev" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "63" "numero" => "6 Pt 2" "paginaInicial" => "S30" "paginaFinal" => "S39" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16028570" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0003" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The importance of good hydration for the prevention of chronic diseases" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "F. Manz" 1 => "A. Wentz" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00150.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nutr Rev" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "63" "numero" => "6 Pt 2" "paginaInicial" => "S2" "paginaFinal" => "S5" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16028566" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0004" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Water as an essential nutrient: the physiological basis of hydration" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "E. Jéquier" 1 => "F. Constant" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Clin Nutr" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "64" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "115" "paginaFinal" => "123" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mechanisms and significance of cell volume regulation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "F. Lang" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/07315724.2007.10719667" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Am Coll Nutr" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "26" "numero" => "5 Suppl" "paginaInicial" => "613S" "paginaFinal" => "623S" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17921474" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0006" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Blood and Other Body Fluids" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "P. Altman" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "1961" "editorial" => "Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology" "editorialLocalizacion" => "DC, USA" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0007" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hydration of fat-free body mass: review and critique of a classic body-composition constant" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "Z. Wang" 1 => "P. Deurenberg" 2 => "W. Wang" 3 => "A. Pietrobelli" 4 => "R.N. Baumgartner" 5 => "S.B. Heymsfield" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/ajcn/69.5.833" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Clin Nutr" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "69" "numero" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "833" "paginaFinal" => "841" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10232621" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0008" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Draft dietary reference values for water. Scientific opinion of the panel on Dietetic Products" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "European Food Safety Authority" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nutr Allerg" "fecha" => "2008" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0009" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The role of cellular hydration in the regulation of cell function" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "D. Häussinger" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1042/bj3130697" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Biochem J" "fecha" => "1996" "volumen" => "313" "numero" => "Pt 3" "paginaInicial" => "697" "paginaFinal" => "710" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8611144" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Water quality and brain function" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "S.C. Bondy" 1 => "A. Campbell" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3390/ijerph15010002" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Environ Res Public Health" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "15" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "2" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29267198" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0011" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "How many neurons do you have? Some dogmas of quantitative neuroscience under revision" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "R. Lent" 1 => "F.A. Azevedo" 2 => "C.H. Andrade-Moraes" 3 => "A.V. Pinto" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07923.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Neurosci" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "35" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "9" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22151227" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0012" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The human brain in numbers: a linearly scaled-up primate brain" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "S. Herculano-Houzel" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3389/neuro.09.031.2009" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Front Hum Neurosci" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "31" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19915731" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0013" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: reality or just an attractive history?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => "F.A. Scorza" 1 => "R.M. Cysneiros" 2 => "R.M. Arida" 3 => "C.A. Scorza" 4 => "A.C. de Almeida" 5 => "B. Schmidt" 6 => "E.A. Cavalheiro" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.mehy.2008.06.043" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Hypotheses" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "71" "numero" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "914" "paginaFinal" => "922" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18786776" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0014" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Review: adult neurogenesis contributes to hippocampal plasticity" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "T. Toda" 1 => "F.H. Gage" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00441-017-2735-4" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cell Tissue Res" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "373" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "693" "paginaFinal" => "709" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29185071" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Water, hydration, and health" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "B.M. Popkin" 1 => "K.E. D'Anci" 2 => "I.H Rosenberg" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00304.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nutr Rev" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "68" "numero" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "439" "paginaFinal" => "458" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20646222" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0016" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dietary acrylamide intake and brain cancer risk" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "J.G. Hogervorst" 1 => "L.J. Schouten" 2 => "E.J. Konings" 3 => "R.A. Goldbohm" 4 => "P.A. van den Brandt" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-1133" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "18" "numero" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "1663" "paginaFinal" => "1666" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19383886" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0017" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Acrylamide encephaloneuropathy due to well water pollution" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "H. Igisu" 1 => "I. Goto" 2 => "Y. Kawamura" 3 => "M. Kato" 4 => "K. Izumi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/jnnp.38.6.581" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry" "fecha" => "1975" "volumen" => "38" "numero" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "581" "paginaFinal" => "584" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/168322" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0018" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Acrylamide in Food: Analysis, Content and Potential Health Effects" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "V. Gökmen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "2015" "editorial" => "Academic Press" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Cambridge, MA, USA" ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0019" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pesticide exposure and human health: toxic legacy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "F.A. Scorza" 1 => "L. Beltramim" 2 => "L.M. Bombardi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clinics" "fecha" => "2023" "volumen" => "78" ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association of pesticide exposure with neurologic dysfunction and disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "F. Kamel" 1 => "J.A. Hoppin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1289/ehp.7135" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Environ Health Perspect" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "112" "numero" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "950" "paginaFinal" => "958" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15198914" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0021" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Could pesticide exposure be implicated in the high incidence rates of depression, anxiety and suicide in farmers? A systematic review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.M. Zanchi" 1 => "K. Marins" 2 => "A. Zamoner" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Environ Pollut" "fecha" => "2023" "volumen" => "331" "numero" => "Pt 2" ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0022" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Aluminum and silica in drinking water and the risk of Alzheimer's disease or cognitive decline: findings from 15-year follow-up of the PAQUID cohort" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "V. Rondeau" 1 => "H. Jacqmin-Gadda" 2 => "D. Commenges" 3 => "C. Helmer" 4 => "J.F. Dartigues" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1093/aje/kwn348" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Epidemiol" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "169" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "489" "paginaFinal" => "496" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19064650" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0023" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Contaminants in drinking water and its mitigation using suitable adsorbents: an overview" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "K. Gopal" 1 => "S.B. Srivastava" 2 => "S. Shukla" 3 => "J.L. Bersillon" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Environ Biol" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "25" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "469" "paginaFinal" => "475" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15907077" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0024" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Review of heavy metals in drinking water and their effect on human health" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "C. Mohod" 1 => "J. Dhote" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "IJIRSET" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "2992" "paginaFinal" => "2996" ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Combined exposure to metals in drinking water alters the dopamine system in mouse striatum" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "H. Kim" 1 => "D. Lee" 2 => "K Kim" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3390/ijerph18126558" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Environ Res Public Health" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "18" "numero" => "12" "paginaInicial" => "6558" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207128" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0026" "etiqueta" => "26" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "When pharmaceutical drugs become environmental pollutants: potential neural effects and underlying mechanisms" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P. Vaudin" 1 => "C. Augé" 2 => "N. Just" 3 => "S. Mhaouty-Kodja" 4 => "S. Mortaud" 5 => "D. Pillon" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Environ Res" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "205" ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0027" "etiqueta" => "27" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A current review of water pollutants in american continent: trends and perspectives in detection, health risks, and treatment technologies" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "W.M. Warren-Vega" 1 => "A. Campos-Rodríguez" 2 => "A.I. Zárate-Guzmán" 3 => "L.A. Romero-Cano" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3390/ijerph20054499" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Environ Res Public Health" "fecha" => "2023" "volumen" => "20" "numero" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "4499" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901509" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0028" "etiqueta" => "28" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Oxidative potential and inflammatory impacts of source apportioned ambient air pollution in Beijing" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "Q. Liu" 1 => "J. Baumgartner" 2 => "Y. Zhang" 3 => "Y. Liu" 4 => "Y. Sun" 5 => "M. Zhang" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1021/es5029876" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Environ Sci Technol" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "48" "numero" => "21" "paginaInicial" => "12920" "paginaFinal" => "12929" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25279798" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 28 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0029" "etiqueta" => "29" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Environmental pollutants and their effects on human health" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => "S.S. Shetty" 1 => "D. D" 2 => "H. S" 3 => "S. Sonkusare" 4 => "P.B. Naik" 5 => "N.S. Kumari" 6 => "H Madhyastha" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19496" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Heliyon" "fecha" => "2023" "volumen" => "9" "numero" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "e19496" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37662771" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 29 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "30" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Interventions to address environmental metabolism-disrupting chemicals: changing the narrative to empower action to restore metabolic health" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "R.M. Sargis" 1 => "J.J. Heindel" 2 => "V. Padmanabhan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Front Endocrinol" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "10" "paginaInicial" => "33" ] ] ] ] ] ] 30 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0031" "etiqueta" => "31" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Water end-use estimation can support the urban water crisis management: a critical review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A. Roshan" 1 => "M. Kumar" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Environ Manage" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "268" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/18075932/000000790000000C/v123_202411010523/S1807593224001017/v123_202411010523/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "94922" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Editorials" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/18075932/000000790000000C/v123_202411010523/S1807593224001017/v123_202411010523/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1807593224001017?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 21 | 1 | 22 |
| 2024 October | 183 | 43 | 226 |
| 2024 September | 218 | 36 | 254 |
| 2024 August | 138 | 37 | 175 |
| 2024 July | 144 | 72 | 216 |