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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Atazanavir en terapias de rescate
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Vol. 26. Issue S17.
Atazanavir
Pages 22-27 (December 2008)
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Vol. 26. Issue S17.
Atazanavir
Pages 22-27 (December 2008)
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Atazanavir en terapias de rescate
Efficacy of atazanavir in rescue therapy
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Joaquín Portilla
Corresponding author
portilla-joa@gva.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J. Portilla. Unidad Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Generla Universitario. Pintor Baeza, s/n. Alicante, 03010.
, Vicente Boix, Esperanza Merino, Sergio Reus
Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. España
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El fracaso virológico del tratamiento antirretroviral aumenta la morbilidad y la mortalidad asociada con sida. Con los fármacos disponibles en el momento actual es posible conseguir una carga viral plasmática del VIH < 50 copias de ARN/ml en un porcentaje importante de pacientes en situación de fracaso virológico, incluso en los que acumulan un número importante de mutaciones de resistencia en el genoma viral. La adhesión sigue siendo la causa más importante de fracaso al tratamiento antirretroviral. Atazanavir potenciado con ritonavir presenta claras ventajas sobre otros inhibidores de la proteasa (IP), como son su administración una vez al día, el escaso número de comprimidos y la buena tolerancia, que facilitan la adhesión, así como una menor toxicidad metabólica y un perfil de resistencias diferente al de otros IP. Atazanavir potenciado en tratamientos de rescate estaría fuertemente recomendado en pacientes naïve a IP o cuando en el genotipo basal hay < 3 mutaciones en las posiciones: 10F/I/V, 16E, 33I/F/V, 46I/L, 60E, 84V, 85 V y 90M del gen de la proteasa, especialmente cuando el paciente presenta problemas de adhesión al tratamiento antirretroviral o alteraciones metabólicas como dislipidemia, resistencia insulínica, glucemia basal alterada, riesgo cardiovascular a los 10 años > 10% o enfermedad cardiovascular.

Palabras clave:
Atazanavir
Tratamiento antirretroviral
Inhibidores de la proteasa

Virological failure of antiretroviral treatment increases the morbidity and mortality associated with AIDS. With currently available drugs it is possible to achieve an HIV - PVL < 50 copies of aRNA/mL in a significant percentage of patients with virological failure, even in those who accumulate a considerable number of resistant mutations in the viral genome. Compliance continues to be the most significant cause of antiretroviral treatment failure. Atazanavir boosted with ritonavir has clear advantages over other protease inhibitors (PI), such as its administration once per day, low number of tablets and a good tolerance which helps in compliance, as well as a lower metabolic toxicity and a resistances profile different to other PIs. Boosted Atazanavir in rescue treatments would be strongly recommended in patients naive to a PI or when there are < 3 mutations in the basic genotype in positions: 10F/I/V, 16E, 33I/F/V, 46I/L, 60E, 84V, 85 V and 90M of the protease gene, particularly when the patient has problems of compliance to antiretroviral treatment or metabolic disorders, such as dyslipaemia, insulin resistance, fasting blood glucose changes, a cardiovascular risk at 10 years of > 10% or cardiovascular disease.

Key words:
Atazanavir
Antiretroviral treatment
Protease inhibitors
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