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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Eficacia de maraviroc en los ensayos clínicos de desarrollo de la molécula
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Vol. 26. Issue S11.
Maraviroc, el primer antagonista de los receptores de VIH
Pages 17-22 (October 2008)
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Vol. 26. Issue S11.
Maraviroc, el primer antagonista de los receptores de VIH
Pages 17-22 (October 2008)
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Eficacia de maraviroc en los ensayos clínicos de desarrollo de la molécula
Maraviroc efficacy in clinical studies on the development of the molecule
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Santiago Moreno
Corresponding author
smoreno.hrc@salud.madrid.org

Correspondencia: Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Ctra. de Colmenar, km 9,100. 28030 Madrid. España.
, Beatriz Hernández, Carolina Gutiérrez, Enrique Delsol
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Madrid. España
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Maraviroc ha sido el primer antagonista de los correceptores en ser aprobado para su uso en pacientes infectados por el VIH. En el ensayo en fase II, en el que el fármaco se administró como monoterapia, la dosis más adecuada para continuar fue 300mg, una o 2 veces al día. Los estudios MOTIVATE, a doble ciego y comparativos con placebo, se realizaron en pacientes infectados por el VIH-1 con tropismo R5 y resistencia a fármacos de las 3 familias de antirretrovirales. Maraviroc 2 veces al día alcanzó<50 copias/ml en el 45,5% de los pacientes frente al 16,7% en el grupo placebo (p<0,001). El recuento de linfocitos CD4+ fue una media de 63 células/μl superior con maraviroc. El fármaco se mostró superior en todos los grupos de pacientes con independencia de la carga viral basal, el recuento basal de linfocitos CD4+ o el número de fármacos activos acompañantes. En el estudio en pacientes infectados por el VIH con tropismo X4/dual/mixto, maraviroc no mostró eficacia virológica, pero produjo un aumento de CD4 superior al placebo. En el ensayo en pacientes sin tratamiento previo y con virus R5-trópicos, maraviroc se ha comparado con efavirenz. A las 48 semanas, el porcentaje de pacientes con carga viral < 50 copias/ml fue del 69,3% en el grupo que recibió efavirenz y el 65,3% en el grupo de maraviroc. En conclusión, maraviroc ha demostrado su elevada eficacia en personas con virus CCR5-trópicos y con una larga historia de uso y fracaso con antirretrovirales, y en pacientes sin tratamiento previo.

Palabras clave:
Maraviroc
Eficacia virológica
Estudios MOTIVATE
Estudio MERIT
Tropismo viral
Pacientes pretratados

Maraviroc is the first co-receptor antagonist to be approved for use in HIV infected patient. In a phase II trial, in which the drug was administered as a single therapy, the most suitable maintenance dose was 300 mg, once or twice per day. The MOTIVATE double blind, placebo-compared studies, were carried out on patients infected by HIV-1 with R5 tropism and resistant to drugs from three families of retrovirals. Maraviroc two times per day achieved < 50 copies/mL in 45.5% of the patients compared to 16.7% in the placebo group (p<0.001). The CD4+ lymphocyte count had a mean of 63 cells/mm3 higher with Maraviroc. The drug was shown to be superior in all patient groups regardless of the baseline viral load, the baseline CD4+ lymphocyte count or the number of accompanying active drugs. In the study on patients infected by HIV with X4/dual/mixed tropism, Maraviroc, was not virologically effective, but did produce a CD4 increase higher than the placebo. Maraviroc was compared with Efavirenz in the study on patients with no previous treatment and with R5-tropic virus. At 48 weeks, the percentage of patients with a viral load of <50 copies/mL was 69.3% in the group that received Efavirenz and 65.3% in the Maraviroc group. In conclusion, Maraviroc has demonstrated its increased efficacy in patients with CCR5-tropic virus and a long history of antiretroviral use and failure, and in patients with no previous treatment.

Key words:
Maraviroc
Virological efficacy
MOTIVATE studies
MERIT study
Viral tropism
Pre-treated patients
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Copyright © 2008. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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