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Vol. 20. Issue 9.
Pages 431-434 (November 2002)
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Vol. 20. Issue 9.
Pages 431-434 (November 2002)
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Factores microbiológicos que afectan a la erradicación de Helicobacter pylori en población adulta y pediátrica
Microbiological factors that influence the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in adults and children
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Diego Domingoa,1
Corresponding author
ddomingo@helicobacterspain.com

Correspondencia: Dr. D. Domingo. Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa. Diego de León, 62. 28006 Madrid. España.
, Teresa Alarcóna, Alba Edith Vegab, José Ángel Garcíaa, María Josefa Martínezc, Manuel López-Breaa
a Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa. Madrid
b Área de Microbiología. Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera. San Luis. Argentina
c Servicio de Gastroenterología. Hospital del Niño Jesús. Madrid. España
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Objetivos

Estudiar factores microbiológicos como la sensibilidad a antimicrobianos y factores de virulencia de Helicobacter pylori relacionados con la erradicación del microorganismo de la mucosa gástrica, tanto en población pediátrica como adulta.

Métodos

Se obtuvieron 55 cepas aisladas a partir del cultivo de biopsias de 16 pacientes pediátricos y de 39 adultos. La sensibilidad antibiótica se realizó mediante el método de dilución en agar y el estudio de los factores de virulencia, gen cagA y los alelos s1 y s2 del gen vacA mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). El seguimiento tras el tratamiento que se instauró con amoxicilina, claritromicina y omeprazol se realizó mediante la prueba del aliento con urea marcada. Se estudió la relación entre la concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) a amoxicilina y claritromicina y la presencia de estos factores de virulencia con la erradicación del microorganismo.

Resultados

La erradicación fue del 69% (38/55), 71,7% en adultos y 62,5% en niños. La resistencia a claritromicina y amoxicilina fue 14,5 y 0%, respectivamente. Las tasas de erradicación globales en relación con las variables estudiadas fueron del 75 y 53% en cepas con CIM de amoxicilina ≤ 0,016 mg/l y CIM de amoxicilina ≥ 0,032 mg/l (intervalo ≤ 0,008-0,5) (p > 0,05), 79 y 12% en cepas con CIM de claritromicina < 1 mg/l y CIM de claritromicina ≥ 1 mg/l (intervalo ≤ 0,008-64) (p < 0,05), 79 y 54% en cepas cagA+ y cagA– (p > 0,05) y 82 y 62% en cepas s1 y s2 (p > 0,05), respectivamente.

Conclusiones

La infección por cepas con CIM más altas a amoxicilina y claritromicina y por aislamientos cagA– y vacA s2 se relacionaron con tasas más bajas de erradicación de H. pylori, tanto en población adulta como infantil en la terapia con amoxicilina, claritromicina y omeprazol.

Palabras clave:
Helicobacter pylori
Erradicación
Resistencia
Factores de virulencia
Aim

To study microbiological factors of Helicobacter pylori, such as antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence, which affect the eradication of the microorganism in gastric mucosa of adult and pediatric patients.

Methods

Fifty-five H. Pylori strains were isolated from culture of biopsy specimens from 39 adult and 16 pediatric patients. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by agar dilution and study of virulence factors (cagA gene and alleles s1 and s2 of the vacA gene) by PCR. Outcome of treatment with amoxicillin (AMX), clarithromycin (CLR) and omeprazole was assessed by the urea breath test. We studied the relation of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AMX and CLR and presence of virulence factors with eradication of the microorganism.

Results

The eradication rate was 69% (38/55), 71.7% in adults and 62.5% in children. Resistance to CLR and AMX was 14.5% and 0%, respectively. Overall eradication rates with respect to the variables studied were: 75% and 53% in strains with AMX MICs of ≤ 0.01 6mg/L and ≥ 0.032 mg/L (range ≤ 0.008-0.5) (p > 0.05), 79% and 12% in strains with claritromicina MICs of < 1 mg/L and ≥ 1mg/L (range ≤ 0.008-64) (p < 0.05), 79% and 54% in cagA??and cagA– strains (p > 0.05) and 82% and 62% in s1 and s2 strains (p > 0.05), respectively.

Conclusions

H. pylori strains with higher amoxicillin and clarithromycin MICs, and cagA– and vacA s2 strains were related with lower rates of eradication in both adult and pediatric populations treated with amoxicillin, clarythromycin and omeprazole.

Key words:
Helicobacter pylori
Eradication
Resistance
Virulence factors
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Copyright © 2002. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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