Effectiveness of counseling methods in reducing smoking habits for patients with cardiovascular disease: A literature review

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of smoking cessation programs in the form of face-to-face counseling combined with telephone counseling for Cardiovascular patients.

Methods

Searching of the articles used the databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect and Wiley-Online Library with criteria: participants ≥18 years old, active smokers of at least one cigarette per day who have heart and blood vessel problems, RCT studies, published in the last ten years articles, and provided in English.

Results

This study identified five articles that fit the criteria. The five studies show that face-to-face counseling combined with telephone counseling is effective in reducing smoking behavior. Moreover, it decreased urinary nicotine levels, increased self-efficacy, improved dietary habits, and increased physical activity scores, and stress management.

Conclusion

This study revealed that smoking cessation programs in the form of face-to-face counseling combined with telephone counseling could reduce smoking habits in cardiovascular patients.