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Inicio Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Hospital care for adolescents with cancer in Spain: Needs, resources and organis...
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Vol. 31. Issue 4.
Pages 227-233 (July - August 2021)
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Vol. 31. Issue 4.
Pages 227-233 (July - August 2021)
Special Article
Hospital care for adolescents with cancer in Spain: Needs, resources and organisational model
Atención hospitalaria a adolescentes con cáncer en España: necesidades, recursos y modelo organizativo
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Jorgina Garrido Casasa,
Corresponding author
carmenmll@cancerinfantil.org

Corresponding author.
, Carmen Menéndez Llanezaa, Patricia Pico Gómez-Pavóna, Miguel Ángel de la Cal Lópeza, Silvia Bozalongob,1, Elena Torrado Valc,2
a Área de Sanidad, Federación Española de Padres de Niños con Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
b Asociación Riojana de Familiares y Amigos de Niños con Cáncer, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
c Centro AEQUO de atención a la salud mental, Sevilla, Spain
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Table 1. Hospitals which participated in the study.
Table 2. Benefits of general services.
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Abstract

In Spain, adolescents with cancer are treated in Pediatric Onco-Hematology Units or in Adult Oncology Units. For this reason, the Spanish Federation of Parents of Children with Cancer carried out two surveys in 2013 and 2014 to know the differences in provision of psico-social services to the patients and their relatives among both types of Units. Twenty eight Pediatric and 18 Adult Units provided information. The results showed that the Pediatric Units were better adapted to the needs of the adolescent and family patients and to Spanish Health Authorities recommendations: more appropriate environment, resources for education and leisure, facilities to parents and relatives. Specialized Psycosocial care by psychologists and social workers is insufficient in both cases and the compliance with national and international recommendations is weak. However, specific adolescents’ Units are starting to be created in Spain, following the experiences in other countries that define the new role of nurse as an essential linchpin in the care team.

Keywords:
Pediatrics
Adolescent
Cancer care facilities
Psycosocial support systems
Critical care
Resumen

En España, los adolescentes con cáncer son tratados en Servicios de Onco Hematología Pediátrica o en Servicios de Oncología de Adultos. Por ello, la Federación Española de Padres de Niños con Cáncer realizó dos encuestas en 2013 y 2014 para conocer las diferencias en las prestaciones de servicios psicosociales que reciben los adolescentes con cáncer y sus familiares en ambos tipos de unidades, 28 pediátricas y 18 de adultos. Los resultados mostraron que las Unidades Pediátricas estaban mejor adaptadas a las demandas de sus pacientes y familiares y a las recomendaciones de las autoridades sanitarias españolas: ambientes más adecuados, recursos educativos y de tiempo libre, facilidades para padres y acompañantes. El apoyo psicosocial especializado por psicólogos y trabajadores sociales es insuficiente en ambos casos y el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales es escaso. No obstante, en España, siguiendo las experiencias de otros países, se están empezando a crear Unidades específicas de adolescentes en las que se define el papel de las enfermeras como un eje esencial en el equipo de cuidados.

Palabras clave:
Pediatría
Adolescente
Instituciones oncológicas
Sistemas de apoyo psicosocial
Cuidados críticos

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