An exploration of the association between family functioning and nonsuicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents with mood disorders

array:23 ["pii" => "S0213616323000393" "issn" => "02136163" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100226" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01" "aid" => "100226" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental" "copyrightAnyo" => "2023" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Eur J Psychiatry. 2024;38:" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0213616323000381" "issn" => "02136163" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100225" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01" "aid" => "100225" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Eur J Psychiatry. 2024;38:" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Original article" "titulo" => "Claudin-5, occludin, zonulin and tricellulin levels of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => "en" "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0001" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2311 "Ancho" => 3333 "Tamanyo" => 178341 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0006" "detalle" => "Fig " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Box plots representing the distribution of (a) claudin-5, (b) tricellulin, (c) occludin, (d) zonulin levels with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healty controls. Claudin-5, occludin and zonulin levels were log-transformed prior to analyses. Mann-Whitney U test and Student-t-test was used for comparisons between two groups." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Hurşit Ferahkaya, Ömer Faruk Akça, Tamer Baysal, İbrahim Kılınç" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Hurşit" "apellidos" => "Ferahkaya" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ömer Faruk" "apellidos" => "Akça" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Tamer" "apellidos" => "Baysal" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "İbrahim" "apellidos" => "Kılınç" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213616323000381?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/02136163/0000003800000001/v1_202401090449/S0213616323000381/v1_202401090449/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0213616323000411" "issn" => "02136163" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100228" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01" "aid" => "100228" "copyright" => "The Author(s)" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Eur J Psychiatry. 2024;38:" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Original article" "titulo" => "The association between pain and psychiatric conditions in adolescents: The impact of gender and ADHD diagnosis" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => "en" "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0001" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1343 "Ancho" => 2333 "Tamanyo" => 141057 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0001" "detalle" => "Fig " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "The proportion of adolescents reporting varying frequencies of pain among those without psychiatric disorders, those with ADHD, and those with other psychiatric disorders." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "S. Lundqvist, N. Kerekes" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Lundqvist" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "N." "apellidos" => "Kerekes" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213616323000411?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/02136163/0000003800000001/v1_202401090449/S0213616323000411/v1_202401090449/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:19 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Original article" "titulo" => "An exploration of the association between family functioning and nonsuicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents with mood disorders" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Changyuan Qiao, Jian Lin, Jialing Huang, Linqi Zhou, Yanchao Huang, Yushan Shang, Qixiu Zhang, Jian Xie, Changchun Hu" "autores" => array:9 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Changyuan" "apellidos" => "Qiao" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "1" "identificador" => "fn1" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Jian" "apellidos" => "Lin" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Jialing" "apellidos" => "Huang" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Linqi" "apellidos" => "Zhou" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Yanchao" "apellidos" => "Huang" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Yushan" "apellidos" => "Shang" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Qixiu" "apellidos" => "Zhang" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Jian" "apellidos" => "Xie" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] ] 8 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Changchun" "apellidos" => "Hu" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "chuntianjs@163.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0001" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0001" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0002" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0001" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding authors at: Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, PR China." ] ] ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0002" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1685 "Ancho" => 2167 "Tamanyo" => 108489 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0002" "detalle" => "Fig " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of NSSI behavior of Chinese adolescents with mood disorders based on family functioning. It connects coordinate points with 1 - specificity (= false positive rate) as the x-axis and sensitivity as the y-axis at all cut-off values measured from the test results." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "Background and objectivesNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a prevalent manifestation of mental health issues in adolescents and is commonly employed as a coping mechanism to deal with personal negative emotions that appear insurmountable.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001">1</a> Particularly in adolescence, when cognitive functions are still developing, adolescents may resort to self-injury to manage overwhelming emotions that they cannot adequately process or comprehend.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0002">2</a> According to the DSM-5, NSSI without suicidal intent refers to a deliberate act of self-injury that is not socially sanctioned.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0003">3</a> Common forms of NSSI among adolescents include cutting, scratching, hitting, and scraping.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004">4</a> When NSSI occurs in areas other than the arms, such as the wrist, it poses a serious risk of suicidal behaviour.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">5</a> Thus, understanding the phenomenon of NSSI in adolescents is of utmost importance, as it has implications for their mental health and well-being.NSSI is a prevalent behaviour among adolescents in both community and clinical settings, with lifetime prevalence rates ranging from 17% to 60%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006">6</a> Studies have shown that 14% to 15% of adolescents in the community sample and over 40% of those in the psychotic sample have exhibited NSSI behaviours.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0007">7</a> NSSI peaks during mid-puberty (approximately 15–16 years) and starts to decline during late puberty (approximately 18 years).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008">8</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0009">9</a> Adolescents with NSSI frequently receive diagnoses of mood and other psychiatric disorders,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">10</a> with 37% to 52% of patients with depressive or bipolar disorders having engaged in NSSI at least once.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0011">11</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0012">12</a> Family factors such as early or prolonged separation from parents, emotional neglect, and psychological or physical abuse have been identified as significant triggers for NSSI.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0013">13</a> It is crucial to explore and understand the various factors in family functioning that contribute to NSSI among adolescents and develop effective interventions for prevention and treatment.Family functional factors play imperative roles in NSSI in adolescents. We generally consider that high-quality family function has a protective effect on NSSI.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0014">14</a> Family support is necessary to ensure the healthy mental development of adolescents.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">15</a> Adolescent individuals are in a period of emotional change, often manifested as impulsive behaviour, and with the influence of insufficient family support and great stressful events in daily life, they may use incorrect methods to resolve their negative emotions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0002">2</a> There is a clear correspondence between family and recurrent NSSI, and severe NSSI in adolescents.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">15</a> The family support system is vital in the occurrence, development, and termination of NSSI,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0016">16</a> effectively helping them to learn coping skills and reduce the impact of negative emotions.One longitudinal study<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0017">17</a> of 6 years showed that although the surveyed research affords unsatisfactory substantiation for a direct causal association between family function and NSSI, it raised questions about the specificity of implicated risk factors, and the nature and function of protective factors in families. This suggests that there is still much need to explore these elements further. Michelson suggests that the occurrence of NSSI behaviour may be positively associated with family conflict and that positive parent‒child communication and feelings of understanding by loved ones are protective factors.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0017">17</a> Protective factors, such as good communication and sufficient respect and recognition in the family, can help them to effectively deal with negative events, be expressively less impulsive, and perform less NSSI. Hazardous factors, for instance, childhood family adversity, may lead to long-term psychologically adverse pathological outcomes. The current findings suggest that early intervention in childhood family adversity may reduce the possibility of NSSI behaviour by improving family function.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0018">18</a>At present, there is still no consistent conclusion about the relationship between family function and adolescent NSSI especially in adolescents with a high incidence of NSSI with mood disorders,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0019">19</a> and the relationship between the two still needs further research. This study aims to explore the relationship between family functioning and NSSI in Chinese adolescents with mood disorders. By identifying the specific family factors that contribute to NSSI and developing effective intervention strategies to improve family functioning, this study will help to reduce the incidence of NSSI and improve the mental health outcomes of Chinese adolescents with mood disorders.MethodsParticipantsA total of 142 adolescents with mood disorders aged 12–17 who visiting our hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were selected as the research subjects, and the participants were diagnosed with unipolar and bipolar depression through clinical consultation by two well-trained clinical psychiatrists according to the recommended diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), selected the participants suffer only from unipolar depression or bipolar depression and divided into an NSSI group and non-NSSI group according to the recommended NSSI diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">20</a> Before the investigation, all participants and their guardians were informed of the purposes and procedures of the study in detail.MaterialsThe Family Assessment Device(FAD) is compiled according to The McMaster Model of Family Functioning(MMFF), which can simply and efficiently find possible problems in the subject's home and collect information on all aspects of the entire family system.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0021">21</a> It is divided into seven subscales (1.Problem-Solving, PS: 6 items; 2.Communication, CM: 9 items; 3.Roles, RL: 11 items; 4.Affective Responsiveness, AR: 6 items; 5.Affective Involvement, AI: 7 items; 6.Behaviour Control, BC: 9 items; 7.General Functioning, GF: 12 items). Higher scores indicate worse related home features. The reliability and validity of its measurement assessment have been demonstrated.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0022">22</a>This study uses Shek's the Chinese version of the Family Assessment Device,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0023">23</a> which published in Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research (ed AC Michalos) in 2014, they verified the Chinese version of the Family Functioning Scale has good reliability and validity. And Cronbach's α of our sample is 0.91. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and psychological characteristics. The 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) was utilized to assess the severity of unipolar and bipolar depression.Statistical analysesAnalysis of variance (ANOVA) for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables were utilized to compare differences in the characteristics of the two groups (participants with and without NSSI).Logistic regression fitting was performed with NSSI as the dependent variable and sex, FAD total score, and each subfactor as the independent variables. The binary logistic regression analysis model was included, and the Enter method was used for statistical analysis. Whether the model was ideal for interpreting the original data was judged by testing the fitting of the model through the Hosmer and Lemeshow test.A nomogram graph, which is based on the degree of influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable in the multifactor logistic regression prediction model, was constructed, and a regression coefficient, which assigns points to the value of each variable to calculate the predicted value of individual outcome events was used.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0024">24</a>By constructing a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calculating the area under the curve, AUC, the sensitivity, specificity, and maximum Youden index of the logistic regression prediction model was evaluated. An AUC between 0.5–1 indicates that the predictive model is meaningful.The data were analysed with SPSS 18 software and The R Project for statistical computing and graphics. All tests were performed by bilateral tests, and the results of this study were statistically significant at P<0.05.ResultsGeneral dataAccording to the grouping criteria, 142 Chinese adolescents with mood disorders were enrolled in the research group, and 85 (59.9%) were divided into the NSSI group and 57 (40.1%) into the non-NSSI group. Of these, 30 (21.1%) were boys, and 112 (78.9%) were girls. Of these 142 adolescents, 119 were diagnosed with unipolar depression (75 in the NSSI group, 44 in the non-NSSI group), and 23 were diagnosed with bipolar depression(10 in the NSSI group, 13 in the non-NSSI group). Of these teenagers, 95 were in junior high school(61 in the NSSI group, 34 in the non-NSSI group) and 47 in senior high school (24 in the NSSI group, 23 in the non-NSSI group).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a> shows the demographic characteristics of the participants with and without NSSI. More women than men participated in this study. There were no significant differences in diagnosis, HAMD-24 scores, age, or grade between the two groups (all P> 0.05), and there were significant differences in sex (χ2 = 25.150, P<0.001).<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0001"></elsevierMultimedia>As shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a>, after statistical analysis, the Family Functioning subfactors in the NSSI group scored higher than those in the non-NSSI group, indicating that adolescents with mood disorders in the NSSI group had worse family functions. Among the variables, there were significant differences between FAD total scores (P = 0.017), CM (P = 0.002), AR (P = 0.038), and BC (P = 0.042).Logistic regression analysisWith NSSI as the dependent variable, characteristics (sex, FAD, CM, AR, and BC) that were statistically significant (P<0.05) by validation were selected as independent variables for binary logistic regression (see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a>). The model has a high fitting degree, and the interpretation of the original data is ideal. The results showed that SEX (OR=9.576, P<0.001), FAD total score (OR=1.022, P = 0.020), CM (OR=1.146, P = 0.004), AR (OR=1.132, P = 0.041), and BC (OR=1.150, P = 0.045) were significant in the analysis. On the basis that other variables remained unchanged, with SEX as a risk factor, the probability of adolescents developing NSSI behaviour increased by 857.6% (OR-1 = 8.576) . With the FAD total score as a risk factor, the probability of adolescents developing NSSI behaviour increased by 2.2% (OR-1 = 0.022). With CM, compared with other samples, the probability of adolescents developing NSSI behaviour increased by 14.6% (OR-1 = 0.146). With AR, the probability of adolescents developing NSSI behaviour increased by 13.2% (OR-1 = 0.132) relative to other samples. The probability of NSSI behaviour in adolescents was increased by 15% (OR-1 = 0.150) compared with other samples in BC (see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0002">Table 2</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0002"></elsevierMultimedia>Prediction modelThrough stepwise regression, with NSSI as the dependent variable and the subfactors that are statistically significant mentioned in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a> as the independent variable, multifactor logistic regression was included to construct a nomogram graph of the logistic regression prediction model to predict the risk of NSSI (see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0001">Fig. 1</a>). A nomogram model was developed to predict the risk of NSSI based on the previous significant factors in the binary logistic regression analyses, including SEX, FAD, CM, AR, and BC. In the prediction model, the corresponding scores of the above variables were added to the nomogram model to obtain the total points, which was ultimately converted to the probability of adolescents developing NSSI (from 0 to 100%).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0001"></elsevierMultimedia>Evaluation of the logistic regression prediction modelAccording to the ROC graph of the logistic regression prediction model, AUC=0.772, P<0.001, and 95% CI=(0.694, 0.851). According to the calculation of sensitivity and specificity, the maximum Youden index = 0.467, the optimal cut-off point = 0.597, the sensitivity = 0.835, and the specificity = 0.368 (see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0002">Fig. 2</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0002"></elsevierMultimedia>DiscussionCurrently, NSSI remains prevalent among adolescents in various countries and is recognized as a significant public health concern affecting their physical and mental well-being.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">25</a> Of particular note is the increasing trend of NSSI among adolescents since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0026">26</a> This alarming trend has garnered the attention of scholars nationally and internationally. The central aim of the present study was to investigate the potential link between family functioning and the history of NSSI among patients diagnosed with mood disorders. Our findings suggest that, in 142 participants (30 males and 112 females), there was a significant correlation between gender and NSSI, with the incidence of NSSI in female adolescents being higher than that in male adolescents. Moreover, our analysis indicates that specific dimensions of family functioning, including communication, affective response, and behavioural control, may contribute to the onset of NSSI in this population, thus advancing the current understanding of this complex phenomenon in the literature.This study showed that adolescents who engage in NSSI generally have worse family functioning, as indicated by higher FAD total scores than non-NSSI adolescents. This highlights the importance of family functioning in preventing NSSI. Early life experiences within the family, are known to play a critical role in shaping adolescent character and behaviour.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0027">27</a> The family plays an essential role in the occurrence, development, and cessation of NSSI behaviour.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0018">18</a>After conducting our analysis, we found that female adolescents are more likely to develop NSSI and that there is no obvious correlation between age and NSSI which differs from previous studies that have examined the relationship between age and NSSI. For example, Plener et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008">8</a> found that the NSSI rate peaks at age 15, while other longitudinal studies have shown a decline in NSSI from adolescence to adulthood.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0028">28</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0029">29</a> We believe that the discrepancies between our findings and those of previous studies may be due to the limitations in the quantity and distribution of participants involved in our study. Additionally, some potential patients with NSSI may not have sought psychological intervention promptly, which could have biased our results against previous studies on NSSI and age. When examining the literature on the relationship between gender and NSSI, we found that different studies have shown different conclusions. The results of a meta-analysis show that females are at a higher risk of engaging in NSSI than males. However, epidemiological studies suggest that the effect size may be small.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">30</a> Other research has shown that the gender difference in NSSI is not static, with the gap widening in mid-adolescence and gradually disappearing by early adulthood.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0031">31</a> We believe that the reason females are at a higher risk of developing NSSI than males may be due to the diversity of biological factors, such as differences in hormones such as testosterone and oestradiol, which may influence gendered engagement in NSSI.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0032">32</a> Other factors may also play a role in gender-related NSSI, such as the socialization of emotions. Previous research has shown that women report engaging in emotion regulation strategies more often than men and that their ways of dealing with emotions may increase the risk of NSSI, for example, when women engage in rumination.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0032">32–34</a>Our results revealed that adolescents in the NSSI group scored significantly higher on the Communication subscale than those in the non-NSSI group. This finding supports previous research that indicates that poor family communication is associated with adolescent self-injury.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">35</a> A meta-analysis of 92 studies further suggests that negative interactions between parents contribute significantly to children's problems.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0036">36</a> In China's rapidly developing society, the prevalence of NSSI among adolescents is on the rise due to the lack of communication with parents resulting from their absence in large cities for work.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0037">37</a> Improving parent-adolescent communication is essential for reducing the incidence of mental health problems in adolescents.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0038">38</a> Hilt & Prinstein et al. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0039">39</a> reported that poor communication with fathers increases the risk of NSSI in intact families. This highlights the importance of studying the relationship between every family member and adolescents explicitly to further understand the association between family functioning and NSSI. In the era of the internet, adolescents often seek emotional catharsis online when there is not good communication within the family. Brown's <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">40</a> analysis showed that pictures and written communication about NSSI are prevalent online. Adolescents search for others who share similar experiences to find comfort, but this can lead to more severe NSSI behaviours and the development of "social infection" through collective NSSI behaviours.We also found that the scores of Affective Responsiveness were significantly higher in the NSSI group, as in Kim's previous study.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0041">41</a> This finding supports a strong correlation between the degree to which adolescents respond emotionally to stimuli and NSSI.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0042">42</a> Adolescents with NSSI showed lower emotional awareness when processing negative emotions, which is generally accepted as a means of eliminating negative emotions and relieving pressure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0003">3</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0043">43</a> The lack of emotional awareness can be attributed to the home environment, particularly the emotional responsiveness of family members. Fruzzetti et al. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0044">44</a> describe a complex interaction between the emotion regulation problems of a child and the reaction of family members to their behaviour. When the expression of positive emotions of adolescents is ignored by family members, they become negative. The deterioration of family functioning leads to vicious changes in adolescent emotional regulation, which in turn strengthens adolescents' adaptation to undesirable emotional patterns. The construction of corresponding emotional responses with others is crucial for adolescents to adapt to society.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">45</a> Adolescents who have poor affective responsiveness due to family dysfunction may encounter problems in their relationships with society in the future.Our results suggest that family members should keep an eye on their family's behavioural control of adolescents. Adolescents with NSSI face more behavioural control during their parents' upbringing.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0046">46</a> However, inconsistent results have been found regarding parental behavioural control, possibly due to different measures used to assess behavioural control and different definitions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0047">47</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0048">48</a> Parental involvement in changing their parenting and behaviour styles after learning about NSSI in their children has been found to reduce the incidence of NSSI in children.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0049">49</a> Xu Wang <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050">50</a> found that adjusting parents' negative perceptions and behavioural patterns of NSSI is beneficial in reducing adolescent-parent conflict and preventing NSSI. Adolescents with long experiences of control often have difficulty regulating their emotions, and may be impulsive when encountering difficulties.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0041">41</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0051">51</a> NSSI behaviour is considered an inappropriate way to cope with negative emotions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0052">52</a>,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0053">53</a> and often occurs following experiences of anxiety, insecurity, fear, and sadness. In the absence of effective coping strategies, adolescents may resort to self-injury as a means of managing their emotions.In summary, our investigation revealed that patients diagnosed with mood disorders who engaged in NSSI exhibited poorer family functioning. This discrepancy was particularly evident in areas of communication, affective response, and behavioural control. Notably, female adolescents were more likely to exhibit NSSI behaviour than their male counterparts. We observed a positive correlation between the degree of impaired family function and the likelihood of future NSSI. We anticipate that our findings will hold considerable practical implications for identifying and providing timely interventions for individuals who exhibit NSSI behaviour in the future.LimitationsSeveral limitations should be acknowledged in this study. First, the participants were solely recruited from a single hospital, thus the generalizability of findings to adolescents in other regions remains uncertain. Additionally, the age range of participants was limited to 12–17 years old, which may impact the generalizability of results to a wider age range. There were significantly fewer male subjects in the NSSI group, which could limit the explanation of the results for male patients. Second, due to the cross-sectional design of the study, it is not possible to establish a causal relationship between NSSI and family function. Future research should incorporate mediation analysis to investigate the role of mood disorders in this relationship.ConclusionAlthough current research has shown that family functioning plays a role in nonsuicidal self-injury, communication, affective responsiveness, and behaviour control clearly occupy a more important position. In addition, gender seems to be an important influencing factor for adolescent NSSI behaviour. We hope that this study can make the public aware of the importance of the above three aspects of family functioning, and call on society or the country to take necessary guidance measures for the improvement of adolescent family functioning in the early stages.Ethical considerationsThe study was conducted by the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the ethics committee of the Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital of Zhejiang University (IRB: 2020-K008–01, January 2020). The patients or their guardians provided written informed consent to participate in this study." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres2070104" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0001" "titulo" => "Background and objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0002" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0003" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0004" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1766267" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0001" "titulo" => "Background and objectives" ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0002" "titulo" => "Methods" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0003" "titulo" => "Participants" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0004" "titulo" => "Materials" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Statistical analyses" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0006" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0007" "titulo" => "General data" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0008" "titulo" => "Logistic regression analysis" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0009" "titulo" => "Prediction model" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Evaluation of the logistic regression prediction model" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0011" "titulo" => "Discussion" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0012" "titulo" => "Limitations" ] ] ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0013" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0014" "titulo" => "Ethical considerations" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack721134" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" ] 9 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2023-05-16" "fechaAceptado" => "2023-08-18" "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1766267" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Nonsuicidal self-injury" 1 => "Family functioning" 2 => "Adolescents" 3 => "Mood disorders" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:1 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "Background and objectivesThis study explored the correlation between nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and family functioning among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with mood disorders. MethodsA total of 142 participants were clinically assessed for NSSI, with 85 in the NSSI group and 57 in the non-NSSI group. The correlation between NSSI and family functioning was compared and a regression prediction model was constructed to determine the risk probability of NSSI. ResultsA significant association was found between family functioning and NSSI (P = 0.017). The correlation between adolescents with NSSI and gender, communication, affective responsiveness, and behaviour control was statistically significant. A nomogram graph and ROC curve were constructed, with an AUC of 0.772. ConclusionThe findings support the notion that family functioning is associated with a higher risk for NSSI among adolescents with mood disorders. Furthermore, gender, communication, affective responsiveness, and behaviour control may be contributing factors." "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0001" "titulo" => "Background and objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0002" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0003" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abss0004" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "etiqueta" => "1" "nota" => "First author: Changyuan Qiao, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, PR China." "identificador" => "fn1" ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0001" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1665 "Ancho" => 3000 "Tamanyo" => 137417 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0001" "detalle" => "Fig " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "The Nomogram graph predicts the risk probability of NSSI due to various factors. FAD, Family Function Total Scores; CM, Communication; AR, Affective Responsiveness; BC, Behaviour Control." ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0002" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1685 "Ancho" => 2167 "Tamanyo" => 108489 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0002" "detalle" => "Fig " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of NSSI behavior of Chinese adolescents with mood disorders based on family functioning. It connects coordinate points with 1 - specificity (= false positive rate) as the x-axis and sensitivity as the y-axis at all cut-off values measured from the test results." ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0001" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0003" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "HAMD-24, Hamilton rating scale for depression-24; FAD, family assessment device; PS, problem solving; CM, communication; RL, roles; AR, affective responsiveness; AI, affective involvement; BC, behaviour control; GF, general functioning." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0001"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Characteristics \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0002"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total (N = 142) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0003"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">NSSI group (N = 85) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0004"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non-NSSI group (N = 57) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0005"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">F/χ2-value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0006"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">P-value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0007"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Diagnosis, N(%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0008"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0009"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0010"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0011"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3.065 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0012"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.080 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0013"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Unipolar Depression \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0014"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">119(83.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0015"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">75(88.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0016"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">44(77.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0017"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0018"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0019"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Bipolar Depression \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0020"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">23(16.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0021"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">10(11.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0022"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">13(22.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0023"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0024"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0025"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">HAMD-24, Mean(SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0026"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">23.75 ± 7.710 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0027"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">24.77 ± 8.372 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0028"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">22.24 ± 6.373 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0029"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3.760 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0030"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.055 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0031"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Sex, N(%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0032"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0033"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0034"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0035"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">25.150 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0036"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"><0.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0037"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0038"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">30(21.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0039"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">6 (20) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0040"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">24 (80) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0041"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0042"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0043"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0044"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">112(78.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0045"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">79 (70.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0046"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">33 (29.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0047"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0048"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0049"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Age(yrs), Mean(SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0050"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">14.64 ± 1.536 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0051"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">14.47 ± 1.493 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0052"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">14.89 ± 1.578 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0053"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2.632 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0054"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.107 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0055"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Grade, N(%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0056"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0057"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0058"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0059"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2.262 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0060"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.133 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0061"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Junior high school \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0062"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">95(66.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0063"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">61(71.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0064"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">34(59.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0065"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0066"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0067"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Senior high school \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0068"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">47(33.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0069"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">24(28.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0070"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">23(40.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0071"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0072"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0073"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">FAD total scores, Mean(SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0074"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">148.20 ± 19.416 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0075"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">151.36 ± 18.641 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0076"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">143.47 ± 19.749 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0077"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2.414 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0078"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.017 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0079"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">PS \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0080"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">14.65 ± 2.247 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0081"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">14.72 ± 2.229 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0082"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">14.56 ± 2.291 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0083"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.405 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0084"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.686 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0085"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">CM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0086"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">23.88 ± 4.140 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0087"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">24.74 ± 3.968 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0088"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">22.60 ± 4.092 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0089"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3.118 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0090"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0091"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">RL \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0092"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">26.20 ± 4.766 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0093"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">26.66 ± 4.905 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0094"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">25.51 ± 4.504 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0095"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.415 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0096"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.159 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0097"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">AR \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0098"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">15.99 ± 2.943 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0099"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">16.41 ± 2.851 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0100"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">15.37 ± 2.992 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0101"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2.096 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0102"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.038 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0103"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">AI \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0104"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">16.82 ± 2.786 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0105"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">16.95 ± 2.760 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0106"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">16.63 ± 2.839 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0107"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.672 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0108"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.502 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0109"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">BC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0110"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">21.17 ± 2.590 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0111"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">21.53 ± 2.510 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0112"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">20.63 ± 2.636 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0113"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2.048 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0114"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.042 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0115"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">GF \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0116"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">29.54 ± 6.392 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0117"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">30.35 ± 6.462 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0118"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">28.32 ± 6.142 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0119"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.878 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0120"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.062 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3428547.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Demographic and psychological characteristics of participants with and without NSSI." ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0002" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "alt0004" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "FAD, family function total scores; CM, communication; AR, affective responsiveness; BC, behaviour control." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0121"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Regression factor \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0122"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">B \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0123"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0124"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">95% CI \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0125"></a><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">P-value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0126"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">Sex \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0127"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">2.259 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0128"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">9.576 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0129"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">3.585–25.578 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0130"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="top"><0.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0131"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">FAD \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0132"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.022 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0133"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.022 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0134"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.003–1.041 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0135"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="top">0.020 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0136"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">CM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0137"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.136 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0138"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.146 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0139"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.046–1.255 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0140"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="top">0.004 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0141"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">AR \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0142"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.124 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0143"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.132 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0144"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.005–1.275 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0145"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="top">0.041 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0146"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">BC \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0147"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">0.139 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0148"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.150 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0149"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="top">1.003–1.318 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0150"></a><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="top">0.045 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3428546.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Logistic regression analysis of NSSI and Non-NSSI groups and impact factors." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "cebibsec1" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:53 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0001" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The functions of self-injury in young adults who cut themselves: clarifying the evidence for affect-regulation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "E.D. Klonsky" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.psychres.2008.02.008" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Psychiatry Res" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "166" "numero" => "2–3" "paginaInicial" => "260" "paginaFinal" => "268" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19275962" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0002" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Why do people hurt themselves? New insights into the nature and functions of self-injury" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M.K. Nock" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01613.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Curr Dir Psychol Sci" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "18" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "78" "paginaFinal" => "83" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20161092" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0003" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P.L. Plener" 1 => "M. Kaess" 2 => "C. Schmahl" 3 => "S. Pollak" 4 => "J.M. Fegert" 5 => "R.C. Brown" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3238/arztebl.2018.0023" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Dtsch Arztebl Int" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "115" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "23" "paginaFinal" => "30" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29366448" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0004" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The DSM-5 diagnosis of nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: a review of the empirical literature" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M. Zetterqvist" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/s13034-015-0062-7" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "31" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26417387" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Self-cutting and risk of subsequent suicide" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R. Carroll" 1 => "K.H. Thomas" 2 => "K. Bramley" 3 => "S. Williams" 4 => "L. Griffin" 5 => "J. Potokar" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.007" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "192" "paginaInicial" => "8" "paginaFinal" => "10" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26707346" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0006" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Non-suicidal self-injury in adolescence" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "R.C. Brown" 1 => "P.L. Plener" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s11920-017-0767-9" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Curr Psychiatry Rep" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "19" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "20" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28315191" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0007" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: an empirical investigation in adolescent psychiatric patients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "C.R. Glenn" 1 => "E.D. Klonsky" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/15374416.2013.794699" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "42" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "496" "paginaFinal" => "507" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23682597" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0008" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The longitudinal course of non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm: a systematic review of the literature" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "P.L. Plener" 1 => "T.S. Schumacher" 2 => "L.M. Munz" 3 => "R.C. Groschwitz" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/s40479-014-0024-3" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "2" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26401305" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0009" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Predictors of future suicide attempt among adolescents with suicidal thoughts or non-suicidal self-harm: a population-based birth cohort study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "B. Mars" 1 => "J. Heron" 2 => "E.D. Klonsky" 3 => "P. Moran" 4 => "R.C. O'Connor" 5 => "K. Tilling" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "6" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "327" "paginaFinal" => "337" ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence and risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury among patients with depression or bipolar disorder in China" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "L. Wang" 1 => "J. Liu" 2 => "Y. Yang" 3 => "H Zou" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/s12888-021-03392-y" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "21" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "389" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34348675" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0011" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Self-harm, affective traits, and psychosocial functioning in adults with depressive and bipolar disorders" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "M.J. Weintraub" 1 => "M.M. Van de Loo" 2 => "M.J. Gitlin" 3 => "D.J. Miklowitz" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/NMD.0000000000000744" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Nerv Ment Dis" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "205" "numero" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "896" "paginaFinal" => "899" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29077652" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0012" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Investigation of status and risk factors in major depressivedisorder patients with non-suicidal self-injury" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "J.L.W. Fang" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2019" ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0013" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Risk factors and correlates of deliberate self-harm behavior: a systematic review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "H. Fliege" 1 => "J.R. Lee" 2 => "A. Grimm" 3 => "B.F. Klapp" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.10.013" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Psychosom Res" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "66" "numero" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "477" "paginaFinal" => "493" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19446707" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0014" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M.M Linehan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Psychosom Res" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "43" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "323" "paginaFinal" => "324" ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association between parenting and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents in Yunnan, China: a cross-sectional survey" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "Y. Liu" 1 => "Y. Xiao" 2 => "H. Ran" 3 => "X. He" 4 => "L. Jiang" 5 => "T. Wang" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.7717/peerj.10493" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "PeerJ" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "e10493" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33354431" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0016" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Parent-child interactions, peripheral serotonin, and self-inflicted injury in adolescents" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S.E. Crowell" 1 => "T.P. Beauchaine" 2 => "E. McCauley" 3 => "C.J. Smith" 4 => "C.A. Vasilev" 5 => "A.L. Stevens" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1037/0022-006X.76.1.15" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Consult Clin Psychol" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "76" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "15" "paginaFinal" => "21" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18229978" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0017" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Family environment, expressed emotion and adolescent self-harm: a review of conceptual, empirical, cross-cultural and clinical perspectives" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "D. Michelson" 1 => "D. Bhugra" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3109/09540261.2012.657613" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int Rev Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "24" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "106" "paginaFinal" => "114" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22515458" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0018" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Poor family functioning mediates the link between childhood adversity and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Cassels" 1 => "A.L. van Harmelen" 2 => "S. Neufeld" 3 => "I. Goodyer" 4 => "P.B. Jones" 5 => "P. Wilkinson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/jcpp.12866" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Child Psychol Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "59" "numero" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "881" "paginaFinal" => "887" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29363128" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0019" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The relationship between family functioning and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: a structural equation modeling analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "Y.L.B Wang" 1 => "B. Hong" 2 => "M. Yang" 3 => "L. Zhao" 4 => "P Jia" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord" "fecha" => "2022" ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Investigating the DSM-5 criteria for non-suicidal self-injury disorder in a community sample of adolescents" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T. Buelens" 1 => "K. Luyckx" 2 => "G. Kiekens" 3 => "A. Gandhi" 4 => "J.J. Muehlenkamp" 5 => "L. Claes" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.009" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "260" "paginaInicial" => "314" "paginaFinal" => "322" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31521868" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0021" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The McMaster Model of Family Functioning: observer and parental ratings in a nonclinical sample" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J. Stevenson-Hinde" 1 => "J. Akister" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1545-5300.1995.00337.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Fam Process" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "34" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "337" "paginaFinal" => "347" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8582479" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0022" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The evaluation of family functioning by the family assessment device: a systematic review of studies in adult clinical populations" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "L. Staccini" 1 => "E. Tomba" 2 => "S. Grandi" 3 => "G.I. Keitner" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/famp.12098" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Fam Process" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "54" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "94" "paginaFinal" => "115" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25154959" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0023" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Chinese version of family assessment device" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "D.T.L. Shek" 1 => "L. Yu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "editores" => "ACMichalos" "titulo" => "Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research" "paginaInicial" => "885" "paginaFinal" => "887" "serieFecha" => "2014" ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0024" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Development and validation of a prediction nomogram for non-suicidal self-injury in female patients with mood disorder" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S. Liang" 1 => "D. Li" 2 => "X. Liu" 3 => "I. Jiang" 4 => "J. Zhang" 5 => "J. Liu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Front Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2023" "volumen" => "14" ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Non-suicidal self-injury in developing countries: a review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S. Mannekote Thippaiah" 1 => "M. Shankarapura Nanjappa" 2 => "J.G. Gude" 3 => "E. Voyiaziakis" 4 => "S. Patwa" 5 => "B. Birur" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1177/0020764020943627" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Soc Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "67" "numero" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "472" "paginaFinal" => "482" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32715834" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0026" "etiqueta" => "26" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Non-suicidal self-injury in adolescence: the role of pre-existing vulnerabilities and COVID-19-related stress" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "L. De Luca" 1 => "M. Giletta" 2 => "A. Nocentini" 3 => "E. Menesini" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s10964-022-01669-3" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Youth Adolesc" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "51" "numero" => "12" "paginaInicial" => "2383" "paginaFinal" => "2395" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35986870" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0027" "etiqueta" => "27" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Family structure, family functioning and adolescent well-being: the transcendent influence of parental style" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A.B. A H McFarlane" 1 => "G.R. Norman" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01333.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Child Psychol Psychiatry" "fecha" => "1995 Jul" "volumen" => "36" "numero" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "847" "paginaFinal" => "864" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7559849" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0028" "etiqueta" => "28" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The natural history of self-harm from adolescence to young adulthood: a population-based cohort study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P. Moran" 1 => "C. Coffey" 2 => "H. Romaniuk" 3 => "C. Olsson" 4 => "R. Borschmann" 5 => "J.B. Carlin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet North Am Ed" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "379" "numero" => "9812" "paginaInicial" => "236" "paginaFinal" => "243" ] ] ] ] ] ] 28 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0029" "etiqueta" => "29" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "What happens to young adults who have engaged in self-injurious behavior as adolescents? A 10-year follow-up" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D. Daukantaitė" 1 => "L.-G. Lundh" 2 => "M. Wångby-Lundh" 3 => "B. Claréus" 4 => "J. Bjärehed" 5 => "Y. Zhou" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00787-020-01533-4" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "30" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "475" "paginaFinal" => "492" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32318877" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 29 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "30" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "How big is a big odds ratio? Interpreting the magnitudes of odds ratios in epidemiological studies" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "H. Chen" 1 => "P. Cohen" 2 => "S. Chen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Commun Stat Simul Comput" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "39" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "860" "paginaFinal" => "864" ] ] ] ] ] ] 30 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0031" "etiqueta" => "31" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Age and gender effects on non-suicidal self-injury, and their interplay with psychological distress" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P.O. Wilkinson" 1 => "T. Qiu" 2 => "C. Jesmont" 3 => "S.A.S. Neufeld" 4 => "S.P. Kaur" 5 => "P.B. Jones" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.021" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "306" "paginaInicial" => "240" "paginaFinal" => "245" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35304237" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 31 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0032" "etiqueta" => "32" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Gender differences in the prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury: a meta-analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "K. Bresin" 1 => "M. Schoenleber" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.009" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Psychol Rev" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "38" "paginaInicial" => "55" "paginaFinal" => "64" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25795294" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 32 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0033" "etiqueta" => "33" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Emotion regulation and psychopathology: the role of gender" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "S. Nolen-Hoeksema" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143109" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Annu Rev Clin Psychol" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "161" "paginaFinal" => "187" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22035243" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 33 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0034" "etiqueta" => "34" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cascades of emotion: the emergence of borderline personality disorder from emotional and behavioral dysregulation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "E.A. Selby" 1 => "T.E. Joiner" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1037/a0015687" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Gen Psychol" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "13" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "219" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20161656" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 34 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "35" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Adolescent-parent communication in self-harm" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A.L. Tulloch" 1 => "L. Blizzard" 2 => "Z. Pinkus" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00118-3" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Adolesc Health" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "21" "numero" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "267" "paginaFinal" => "275" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9304459" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 35 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0036" "etiqueta" => "36" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Parental divorce and the well-being of children: a meta-analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "P.R. Amato" 1 => "B. Keith" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.26" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Psychol Bull" "fecha" => "1991" "volumen" => "110" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "26" "paginaFinal" => "46" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1832495" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 36 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0037" "etiqueta" => "37" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association of the labor migration of parents with nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidality among their offspring in China" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "Y. Ma" 1 => "H. Guo" 2 => "S. Guo" 3 => "T. Jiao" 4 => "C. Zhao" 5 => "B.A. Ammerman" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA Netw Open" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "4" "numero" => "11" ] ] ] ] ] ] 37 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0038" "etiqueta" => "38" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Impact of parental divorce versus separation due to migration on mental health and self-injury of Chinese children: a cross sectional survey" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F. Wang" 1 => "J. Lu" 2 => "L. Lin" 3 => "J. Cai" 4 => "J. Xu" 5 => "X. Zhou" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/s13034-021-00424-z" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "15" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "71" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34836541" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 38 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0039" "etiqueta" => "39" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "longitudinal_study_of_nonsuicidal_self-injury" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "L. Hilt MN" 1 => "M. Prinstein" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Early Adolesc" "fecha" => "2008" ] ] ] ] ] ] 39 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "40" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "#cutting: non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) on Instagram" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R.C. Brown" 1 => "T. Fischer" 2 => "A.D. Goldwich" 3 => "F. Keller" 4 => "R. Young" 5 => "P.L. Plener" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1017/S0033291717001751" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Psychol Med" "fecha" => "2018" "volumen" => "48" "numero" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "337" "paginaFinal" => "346" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28705261" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 40 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0041" "etiqueta" => "41" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Behavioral and emotional responses to interpersonal stress: a comparison of adolescents engaged in non-suicidal self-injury to adolescent suicide attempters" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "K.L. Kim" 1 => "G.K. Cushman" 2 => "A.B. Weissman" 3 => "M.E. Puzia" 4 => "E. Wegbreit" 5 => "E.B. Tone" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.001" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Psychiatry Res" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "228" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "899" "paginaFinal" => "906" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26003509" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 41 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0042" "etiqueta" => "42" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Emotional reactivity and inhibitory control in nonsuicidal self-injury adolescence: divergence between positive and negative emotions" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J. Liu" 1 => "Y. Gao" 2 => "H. Wang" 3 => "X. Liu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s10964-022-01618-0" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Youth Adolesc" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "51" "numero" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "1720" "paginaFinal" => "1732" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35523926" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 42 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0043" "etiqueta" => "43" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Differential perception of sharp pain in patients with borderline personality disorder" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "N. Schloss" 1 => "P. Shabes" 2 => "S. Kuniss" 3 => "F. Willis" 4 => "R.-D. Treede" 5 => "C. Schmahl" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/ejp.1411" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Pain" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "23" "numero" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "1448" "paginaFinal" => "1463" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31034113" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 43 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0044" "etiqueta" => "44" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dialectical behavior therapy with families" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A.E. Fruzzetti" 1 => "D.A. Santisteban" 2 => "P.D. Hoffman" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:5 [ "titulo" => "Dialectical behavior therapy in clinical practice: applications across disorders and settings" "fecha" => "2007" "paginaInicial" => "222" "paginaFinal" => "244" "editorial" => "Guilford Press" ] ] ] ] ] ] 44 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "45" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Impact of violent experiences and social support on R-NSSI behavior among middle school students in China" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "K. Liu" 1 => "X. Yang" 2 => "M Xin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Environ Res Public Health" "fecha" => "2021" "volumen" => "18" "numero" => "7" ] ] ] ] ] ] 45 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0046" "etiqueta" => "46" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Depressive symptoms mediate the association between maternal authoritarian parenting and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "C.-R. Liu" 1 => "L-P Wan" 2 => "B.-P. Liu" 3 => "C.-X. Jia" 4 => "X. Liu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.008" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "305" "paginaInicial" => "213" "paginaFinal" => "219" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35278486" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 46 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0047" "etiqueta" => "47" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Is nonsuicidal self-injury associated with parenting and family factors?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "I. Baetens" 1 => "L. Claes" 2 => "G. Martin" 3 => "P. Onghena" 4 => "H. Grietens" 5 => "K. Van Leeuwen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Early Adolesc" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "34" "numero" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "387" "paginaFinal" => "405" ] ] ] ] ] ] 47 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0048" "etiqueta" => "48" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Parenting behavior in families of female adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury in comparison to a clinical and a nonclinical control group" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "T. Tschan" 1 => "M. Schmid" 2 => "T. In-Albon" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/s13034-015-0051-x" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "17" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26157478" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 48 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0049" "etiqueta" => "49" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Parents' attitudes toward and experience of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: a qualitative study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "X. Fu" 1 => "J. Yang" 2 => "X. Liao" 3 => "J. Lin" 4 => "Y. Peng" 5 => "Y. Shen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00651" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Front Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2020" "volumen" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "651" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32760298" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 49 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "50" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Parents' lived experience of adolescents' repeated non-suicidal self-injury in China: a qualitative study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "X. Wang" 1 => "X. Huang" 2 => "X. Huang" 3 => "W. Zhao" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/s12888-022-03715-7" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2022" "volumen" => "22" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "70" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35090423" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 50 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0051" "etiqueta" => "51" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Emotion dysregulation and non-suicidal self-injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.C. Wolff" 1 => "E. Thompson" 2 => "S.A. Thomas" 3 => "J. Nesi" 4 => "A.H. Bettis" 5 => "B. Ransford" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.03.004" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "59" "paginaInicial" => "25" "paginaFinal" => "36" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30986729" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 51 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0052" "etiqueta" => "52" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Adolescent-parent attachments family problem-solving styles" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "C.L. Cobb" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1545-5300.1996.00057.x" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Fam Process" "fecha" => "1996" "volumen" => "35" "numero" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "57" "paginaFinal" => "82" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8804967" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 52 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0053" "etiqueta" => "53" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Non-suicidal self-injury among Dutch and Belgian adolescents: personality, stress and coping" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "G. Kiekens" 1 => "R. Bruffaerts" 2 => "M.K. Nock" 3 => "M. Van de Ven" 4 => "C. Witteman" 5 => "P. Mortier" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.06.007" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Psychiatry" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "30" "numero" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "743" "paginaFinal" => "749" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26260264" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "identificador" => "xack721134" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" "texto" => "This work is supported by the Zhejiang Medical Association Program (grant number: 2023KY920). The funder had no role in operation of this project and did not have any involvement in the preparation, review, approval, or decision to submit this manuscript for publication.The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily of the Zhejiang Medical Association. Infrastructure support for the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics was provided by the Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University." "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/02136163/0000003800000001/v1_202401090449/S0213616323000393/v1_202401090449/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "64426" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Original articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/02136163/0000003800000001/v1_202401090449/S0213616323000393/v1_202401090449/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213616323000393?idApp=UINPBA00004N"]

Statistics

Original article

Changyuan Qiaoa,1, Jian Linb, Jialing Huangb, Linqi Zhoua, Yanchao Huanga, Yushan Shangb, Qixiu Zhangb, Jian Xieb, Changchun Hub,

Corresponding author

chuntianjs@163.com

Corresponding authors at: Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, PR China.

a The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

b Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China

Read

Not available

Times
was read the article

Total PDF

Total HTML

Share statistics

 array:23 [
  "pii" => "S0213616323000393"
  "issn" => "02136163"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100226"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01"
  "aid" => "100226"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Psiquiatr&#237;a y Salud Mental"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2023"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Eur J Psychiatry. 2024;38:"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0213616323000381"
    "issn" => "02136163"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100225"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01"
    "aid" => "100225"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Psiquiatr&#237;a y Salud Mental"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Eur J Psychiatry. 2024;38:"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>"
      "titulo" => "Claudin-5&#44; occludin&#44; zonulin and tricellulin levels of children with attention-deficit&#47;hyperactivity disorder"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => "en"
      "contieneResumen" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:8 [
          "identificador" => "fig0001"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 2311
              "Ancho" => 3333
              "Tamanyo" => 178341
            ]
          ]
          "detalles" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "alt0006"
              "detalle" => "Fig "
              "rol" => "short"
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Box plots representing the distribution of &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleBold">a</span>&#41; claudin-5&#44; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleBold">b</span>&#41; tricellulin&#44; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleBold">c</span>&#41; occludin&#44; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleBold">d</span>&#41; zonulin levels with attention deficit&#47;hyperactivity disorder &#40;ADHD&#41; and healty controls&#46; Claudin-5&#44; occludin and zonulin levels were log-transformed prior to analyses&#46; Mann-Whitney U test and Student-t-test was used for comparisons between two groups&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Hur&#351;it Ferahkaya, &#214;mer Faruk Ak&#231;a, Tamer Baysal, &#304;brahim K&#305;l&#305;n&#231;"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Hur&#351;it"
              "apellidos" => "Ferahkaya"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "&#214;mer Faruk"
              "apellidos" => "Ak&#231;a"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Tamer"
              "apellidos" => "Baysal"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "&#304;brahim"
              "apellidos" => "K&#305;l&#305;n&#231;"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213616323000381?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/02136163/0000003800000001/v1_202401090449/S0213616323000381/v1_202401090449/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0213616323000411"
    "issn" => "02136163"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100228"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-01-01"
    "aid" => "100228"
    "copyright" => "The Author&#40;s&#41;"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Eur J Psychiatry. 2024;38:"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>"
      "titulo" => "The association between pain and psychiatric conditions in adolescents&#58; The impact of gender and ADHD diagnosis"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => "en"
      "contieneResumen" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:8 [
          "identificador" => "fig0001"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1343
              "Ancho" => 2333
              "Tamanyo" => 141057
            ]
          ]
          "detalles" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "alt0001"
              "detalle" => "Fig "
              "rol" => "short"
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The proportion of adolescents reporting varying frequencies of pain among those without psychiatric disorders&#44; those with ADHD&#44; and those with other psychiatric disorders&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "S&#46; Lundqvist, N&#46; Kerekes"
          "autores" => array:2 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "S&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Lundqvist"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "N&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Kerekes"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213616323000411?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/02136163/0000003800000001/v1_202401090449/S0213616323000411/v1_202401090449/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:19 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>"
    "titulo" => "An exploration of the association between family functioning and nonsuicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents with mood disorders"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Changyuan Qiao, Jian Lin, Jialing Huang, Linqi Zhou, Yanchao Huang, Yushan Shang, Qixiu Zhang, Jian Xie, Changchun Hu"
        "autores" => array:9 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Changyuan"
            "apellidos" => "Qiao"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0001"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "fn1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Jian"
            "apellidos" => "Lin"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Jialing"
            "apellidos" => "Huang"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Linqi"
            "apellidos" => "Zhou"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0001"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Yanchao"
            "apellidos" => "Huang"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0001"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Yushan"
            "apellidos" => "Shang"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Qixiu"
            "apellidos" => "Zhang"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          7 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Jian"
            "apellidos" => "Xie"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          8 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Changchun"
            "apellidos" => "Hu"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "chuntianjs@163.com"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0002"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0001"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:2 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "The Fourth Clinical Medical College&#44; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University&#44; Hangzhou&#44; China"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0001"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Clinical Psychology&#44; Affiliated Hangzhou First People&#39;s Hospital&#44; Zhejiang University School of Medicine&#44; Hangzhou&#44; China"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0002"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0001"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding authors at&#58; Department of Clinical Psychology&#44; Affiliated Hangzhou First People&#39;s Hospital&#44; School of Medicine&#44; Zhejiang University&#44; Hangzhou City&#44; PR China&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "fig0002"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1685
            "Ancho" => 2167
            "Tamanyo" => 108489
          ]
        ]
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0002"
            "detalle" => "Fig "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara003" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A receiver operating characteristic &#40;ROC&#41; curve of NSSI behavior of Chinese adolescents with mood disorders based on family functioning&#46; It connects coordinate points with 1 - specificity &#40;&#61; false positive rate&#41; as the x-axis and sensitivity as the y-axis at all cut-off values measured from the test results&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0001" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0007">Background and objectives</span><p id="para0006" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nonsuicidal self-injury &#40;NSSI&#41; is a prevalent manifestation of mental health issues in adolescents and is commonly employed as a coping mechanism to deal with personal negative emotions that appear insurmountable&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0001"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Particularly in adolescence&#44; when cognitive functions are still developing&#44; adolescents may resort to self-injury to manage overwhelming emotions that they cannot adequately process or comprehend&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0002"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> According to the DSM-5&#44; NSSI without suicidal intent refers to a deliberate act of self-injury that is not socially sanctioned&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0003"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Common forms of NSSI among adolescents include cutting&#44; scratching&#44; hitting&#44; and scraping&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0004"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> When NSSI occurs in areas other than the arms&#44; such as the wrist&#44; it poses a serious risk of suicidal behaviour&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Thus&#44; understanding the phenomenon of NSSI in adolescents is of utmost importance&#44; as it has implications for their mental health and well-being&#46;</p><p id="para0007" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">NSSI is a prevalent behaviour among adolescents in both community and clinical settings&#44; with lifetime prevalence rates ranging from 17&#37; to 60&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0006"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> Studies have shown that 14&#37; to 15&#37; of adolescents in the community sample and over 40&#37; of those in the psychotic sample have exhibited NSSI behaviours&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0007"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> NSSI peaks during mid-puberty &#40;approximately 15&#8211;16 years&#41; and starts to decline during late puberty &#40;approximately 18 years&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0009"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> Adolescents with NSSI frequently receive diagnoses of mood and other psychiatric disorders&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> with 37&#37; to 52&#37; of patients with depressive or bipolar disorders having engaged in NSSI at least once&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0011"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0012"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Family factors such as early or prolonged separation from parents&#44; emotional neglect&#44; and psychological or physical abuse have been identified as significant triggers for NSSI&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0013"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> It is crucial to explore and understand the various factors in family functioning that contribute to NSSI among adolescents and develop effective interventions for prevention and treatment&#46;</p><p id="para0008" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Family functional factors play imperative roles in NSSI in adolescents&#46; We generally consider that high-quality family function has a protective effect on NSSI&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0014"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Family support is necessary to ensure the healthy mental development of adolescents&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> Adolescent individuals are in a period of emotional change&#44; often manifested as impulsive behaviour&#44; and with the influence of insufficient family support and great stressful events in daily life&#44; they may use incorrect methods to resolve their negative emotions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0002"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> There is a clear correspondence between family and recurrent NSSI&#44; and severe NSSI in adolescents&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> The family support system is vital in the occurrence&#44; development&#44; and termination of NSSI&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0016"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> effectively helping them to learn coping skills and reduce the impact of negative emotions&#46;</p><p id="para0009" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One longitudinal study<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0017"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> of 6 years showed that although the surveyed research affords unsatisfactory substantiation for a direct causal association between family function and NSSI&#44; it raised questions about the specificity of implicated risk factors&#44; and the nature and function of protective factors in families&#46; This suggests that there is still much need to explore these elements further&#46; Michelson suggests that the occurrence of NSSI behaviour may be positively associated with family conflict and that positive parent&#8210;child communication and feelings of understanding by loved ones are protective factors&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0017"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Protective factors&#44; such as good communication and sufficient respect and recognition in the family&#44; can help them to effectively deal with negative events&#44; be expressively less impulsive&#44; and perform less NSSI&#46; Hazardous factors&#44; for instance&#44; childhood family adversity&#44; may lead to long-term psychologically adverse pathological outcomes&#46; The current findings suggest that early intervention in childhood family adversity may reduce the possibility of NSSI behaviour by improving family function&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0018"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a></p><p id="para0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At present&#44; there is still no consistent conclusion about the relationship between family function and adolescent NSSI especially in adolescents with a high incidence of NSSI with mood disorders&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0019"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> and the relationship between the two still needs further research&#46; This study aims to explore the relationship between family functioning and NSSI in Chinese adolescents with mood disorders&#46; By identifying the specific family factors that contribute to NSSI and developing effective intervention strategies to improve family functioning&#44; this study will help to reduce the incidence of NSSI and improve the mental health outcomes of Chinese adolescents with mood disorders&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0002" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0008">Methods</span><span id="sec0003" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0009">Participants</span><p id="para0011" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 142 adolescents with mood disorders aged 12&#8211;17 who visiting our hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were selected as the research subjects&#44; and the participants were diagnosed with unipolar&#160;and&#160;bipolar&#160;depression through clinical consultation by two well-trained clinical psychiatrists according to the recommended diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders &#40;DSM-5&#41;&#44; selected the participants suffer only from unipolar depression or bipolar depression and divided into an NSSI group and non-NSSI group according to the recommended NSSI diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Before the investigation&#44; all participants and their guardians were informed of the purposes and procedures of the study in detail&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0004" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0010">Materials</span><p id="para0012" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Family Assessment Device&#40;FAD&#41; is compiled according to The McMaster Model of Family Functioning&#40;MMFF&#41;&#44; which can simply and efficiently find possible problems in the subject&#39;s home and collect information on all aspects of the entire family system&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0021"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> It is divided into seven subscales &#40;1&#46;Problem-Solving&#44; PS&#58; 6 items&#59; 2&#46;Communication&#44; CM&#58; 9 items&#59; 3&#46;Roles&#44; RL&#58; 11 items&#59; 4&#46;Affective Responsiveness&#44; AR&#58; 6 items&#59; 5&#46;Affective Involvement&#44; AI&#58; 7 items&#59; 6&#46;Behaviour Control&#44; BC&#58; 9 items&#59; 7&#46;General Functioning&#44; GF&#58; 12 items&#41;&#46; Higher scores indicate worse related home features&#46; The reliability and validity of its measurement assessment have been demonstrated&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0022"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a></p><p id="para0013" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study uses Shek&#39;s the Chinese version of the Family Assessment Device&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0023"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> which published in Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research &#40;ed AC Michalos&#41; in 2014&#44; they verified the Chinese version of the Family Functioning Scale has good reliability and validity&#46; And Cronbach&#39;s &#945; of our sample is 0&#46;91&#46; Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect participants&#8217; sociodemographic characteristics and psychological characteristics&#46; The 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale &#40;HAMD-24&#41; was utilized to assess the severity of unipolar and bipolar depression&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0011">Statistical analyses</span><p id="para0014" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Analysis of variance &#40;ANOVA&#41; for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables were utilized to compare differences in the characteristics of the two groups &#40;participants with and without NSSI&#41;&#46;</p><p id="para0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Logistic regression fitting was performed with NSSI as the dependent variable and sex&#44; FAD total score&#44; and each subfactor as the independent variables&#46; The binary logistic regression analysis model was included&#44; and the Enter method was used for statistical analysis&#46; Whether the model was ideal for interpreting the original data was judged by testing the fitting of the model through the Hosmer and Lemeshow test&#46;</p><p id="para0016" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A nomogram graph&#44; which is based on the degree of influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable in the multifactor logistic regression prediction model&#44; was constructed&#44; and a regression coefficient&#44; which assigns points to the value of each variable to calculate the predicted value of individual outcome events was used&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0024"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a></p><p id="para0017" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">By constructing a receiver operating characteristic &#40;ROC&#41; curve and calculating the area under the curve&#44; AUC&#44; the sensitivity&#44; specificity&#44; and maximum Youden index of the logistic regression prediction model was evaluated&#46; An AUC between 0&#46;5&#8211;1 indicates that the predictive model is meaningful&#46;</p><p id="para0018" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The data were analysed with SPSS 18 software and The R Project for statistical computing and graphics&#46; All tests were performed by bilateral tests&#44; and the results of this study were statistically significant at <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;0&#46;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0006" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0012">Results</span><span id="sec0007" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0013">General data</span><p id="para0019" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">According to the grouping criteria&#44; 142 Chinese adolescents with mood disorders were enrolled in the research group&#44; and 85 &#40;59&#46;9&#37;&#41; were divided into the NSSI group and 57 &#40;40&#46;1&#37;&#41; into the non-NSSI group&#46; Of these&#44; 30 &#40;21&#46;1&#37;&#41; were boys&#44; and 112 &#40;78&#46;9&#37;&#41; were girls&#46; Of these 142 adolescents&#44; 119 were diagnosed with unipolar depression &#40;75 in the NSSI group&#44; 44 in the non-NSSI group&#41;&#44; and 23 were diagnosed with bipolar depression&#40;10 in the NSSI group&#44; 13 in the non-NSSI group&#41;&#46; Of these teenagers&#44; 95 were in junior high school&#40;61 in the NSSI group&#44; 34 in the non-NSSI group&#41; and 47 in senior high school &#40;24 in the NSSI group&#44; 23 in the non-NSSI group&#41;&#46;</p><p id="para0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a> shows the demographic characteristics of the participants with and without NSSI&#46; More women than men participated in this study&#46; There were no significant differences in diagnosis&#44; HAMD-24 scores&#44; age&#44; or grade between the two groups &#40;all <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#62; 0&#46;05&#41;&#44; and there were significant differences in sex &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#967;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></span>&#160;&#61;&#160;25&#46;150&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;0&#46;001&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0001"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="para0021" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a>&#44; after statistical analysis&#44; the Family Functioning subfactors in the NSSI group scored higher than those in the non-NSSI group&#44; indicating that adolescents with mood disorders in the NSSI group had worse family functions&#46; Among the variables&#44; there were significant differences between FAD total scores &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;017&#41;&#44; CM &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;002&#41;&#44; AR &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;038&#41;&#44; and BC &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;042&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0008" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0014">Logistic regression analysis</span><p id="para0022" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">With NSSI as the dependent variable&#44; characteristics &#40;sex&#44; FAD&#44; CM&#44; AR&#44; and BC&#41; that were statistically significant &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;0&#46;05&#41; by validation were selected as independent variables for binary logistic regression &#40;see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; The model has a high fitting degree&#44; and the interpretation of the original data is ideal&#46; The results showed that SEX &#40;OR&#61;9&#46;576&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;0&#46;001&#41;&#44; FAD total score &#40;OR&#61;1&#46;022&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;020&#41;&#44; CM &#40;OR&#61;1&#46;146&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;004&#41;&#44; AR &#40;OR&#61;1&#46;132&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;041&#41;&#44; and BC &#40;OR&#61;1&#46;150&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;045&#41; were significant in the analysis&#46; On the basis that other variables remained unchanged&#44; with SEX as a risk factor&#44; the probability of adolescents developing NSSI behaviour increased by 857&#46;6&#37; &#40;OR-1&#160;&#61;&#160;8&#46;576&#41; &#46; With the FAD total score as a risk factor&#44; the probability of adolescents developing NSSI behaviour increased by 2&#46;2&#37; &#40;OR-1&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;022&#41;&#46; With CM&#44; compared with other samples&#44; the probability of adolescents developing NSSI behaviour increased by 14&#46;6&#37; &#40;OR-1&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;146&#41;&#46; With AR&#44; the probability of adolescents developing NSSI behaviour increased by 13&#46;2&#37; &#40;OR-1&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;132&#41; relative to other samples&#46; The probability of NSSI behaviour in adolescents was increased by 15&#37; &#40;OR-1&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;150&#41; compared with other samples in BC &#40;see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0002">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0002"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0009" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0015">Prediction model</span><p id="para0023" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Through stepwise regression&#44; with NSSI as the dependent variable and the subfactors that are statistically significant mentioned in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0001">Table 1</a> as the independent variable&#44; multifactor logistic regression was included to construct a nomogram graph of the logistic regression prediction model to predict the risk of NSSI &#40;see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0001">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; A nomogram model was developed to predict the risk of NSSI based on the previous significant factors in the binary logistic regression analyses&#44; including SEX&#44; FAD&#44; CM&#44; AR&#44; and BC&#46; In the prediction model&#44; the corresponding scores of the above variables were added to the nomogram model to obtain the total points&#44; which was ultimately converted to the probability of adolescents developing NSSI &#40;from 0 to 100&#37;&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0001"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0016">Evaluation of the logistic regression prediction model</span><p id="para0024" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">According to the ROC graph of the logistic regression prediction model&#44; AUC&#61;0&#46;772&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;0&#46;001&#44; and 95&#37; CI&#61;&#40;0&#46;694&#44; 0&#46;851&#41;&#46; According to the calculation of sensitivity and specificity&#44; the maximum Youden index&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;467&#44; the optimal cut-off point&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;597&#44; the sensitivity&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;835&#44; and the specificity&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;368 &#40;see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0002">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0002"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0011" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0017">Discussion</span><p id="para0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Currently&#44; NSSI remains prevalent among adolescents in various countries and is recognized as a significant public health concern affecting their physical and mental well-being&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> Of particular note is the increasing trend of NSSI among adolescents since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0026"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> This alarming trend has garnered the attention of scholars nationally and internationally&#46; The central aim of the present study was to investigate the potential link between family functioning and the history of NSSI among patients diagnosed with mood disorders&#46; Our findings suggest that&#44; in 142 participants &#40;30 males and 112 females&#41;&#44; there was a significant correlation between gender and NSSI&#44; with the incidence of NSSI in female adolescents being higher than that in male adolescents&#46; Moreover&#44; our analysis indicates that specific dimensions of family functioning&#44; including communication&#44; affective response&#44; and behavioural control&#44; may contribute to the onset of NSSI in this population&#44; thus advancing the current understanding of this complex phenomenon in the literature&#46;</p><p id="para0026" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study showed that adolescents who engage in NSSI generally have worse family functioning&#44; as indicated by higher FAD total scores than non-NSSI adolescents&#46; This highlights the importance of family functioning in preventing NSSI&#46; Early life experiences within the family&#44; are known to play a critical role in shaping adolescent character and behaviour&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0027"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> The family plays an essential role in the occurrence&#44; development&#44; and cessation of NSSI behaviour&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0018"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a></p><p id="para0027" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After conducting our analysis&#44; we found that female adolescents are more likely to develop NSSI and that there is no obvious correlation between age and NSSI which differs from previous studies that have examined the relationship between age and NSSI&#46; For example&#44; Plener et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0008"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> found that the NSSI rate peaks at age 15&#44; while other longitudinal studies have shown a decline in NSSI from adolescence to adulthood&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0028"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0029"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> We believe that the discrepancies between our findings and those of previous studies may be due to the limitations in the quantity and distribution of participants involved in our study&#46; Additionally&#44; some potential patients with NSSI may not have sought psychological intervention promptly&#44; which could have biased our results against previous studies on NSSI and age&#46; When examining the literature on the relationship between gender and NSSI&#44; we found that different studies have shown different conclusions&#46; The results of a meta-analysis show that females are at a higher risk of engaging in NSSI than males&#46; However&#44; epidemiological studies suggest that the effect size may be small&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> Other research has shown that the gender difference in NSSI is not static&#44; with the gap widening in mid-adolescence and gradually disappearing by early adulthood&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0031"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> We believe that the reason females are at a higher risk of developing NSSI than males may be due to the diversity of biological factors&#44; such as differences in hormones such as testosterone and oestradiol&#44; which may influence gendered engagement in NSSI&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0032"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> Other factors may also play a role in gender-related NSSI&#44; such as the socialization of emotions&#46; Previous research has shown that women report engaging in emotion regulation strategies more often than men and that their ways of dealing with emotions may increase the risk of NSSI&#44; for example&#44; when women engage in rumination&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0032"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32&#8211;34</span></a></p><p id="para0028" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our results revealed that adolescents in the NSSI group scored significantly higher on the Communication subscale than those in the non-NSSI group&#46; This finding supports previous research that indicates that poor family communication is associated with adolescent self-injury&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> A meta-analysis of 92 studies further suggests that negative interactions between parents contribute significantly to children&#39;s problems&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0036"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> In China&#39;s rapidly developing society&#44; the prevalence of NSSI among adolescents is on the rise due to the lack of communication with parents resulting from their absence in large cities for work&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0037"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> Improving parent-adolescent communication is essential for reducing the incidence of mental health problems in adolescents&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0038"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> Hilt &#38; Prinstein et al&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0039"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> reported that poor communication with fathers increases the risk of NSSI in intact families&#46; This highlights the importance of studying the relationship between every family member and adolescents explicitly to further understand the association between family functioning and NSSI&#46; In the era of the internet&#44; adolescents often seek emotional catharsis online when there is not good communication within the family&#46; Brown&#39;s <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> analysis showed that pictures and written communication about NSSI are prevalent online&#46; Adolescents search for others who share similar experiences to find comfort&#44; but this can lead to more severe NSSI behaviours and the development of &#34;social infection&#34; through collective NSSI behaviours&#46;</p><p id="para0029" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We also found that the scores of Affective Responsiveness were significantly higher in the NSSI group&#44; as in Kim&#39;s previous study&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0041"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a> This finding supports a strong correlation between the degree to which adolescents respond emotionally to stimuli and NSSI&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0042"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> Adolescents with NSSI showed lower emotional awareness when processing negative emotions&#44; which is generally accepted as a means of eliminating negative emotions and relieving pressure&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0003"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0043"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a> The lack of emotional awareness can be attributed to the home environment&#44; particularly the emotional responsiveness of family members&#46; Fruzzetti et al&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0044"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44</span></a> describe a complex interaction between the emotion regulation problems of a child and the reaction of family members to their behaviour&#46; When the expression&#160;of&#160;positive&#160;emotions of adolescents is ignored by family members&#44; they become negative&#46; The deterioration of family functioning leads to vicious changes in adolescent emotional regulation&#44; which in turn strengthens adolescents&#39; adaptation to undesirable emotional patterns&#46; The construction of corresponding emotional responses with others is crucial for adolescents to adapt to society&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45</span></a> Adolescents who have poor affective responsiveness due to family dysfunction may encounter problems in their relationships with society in the future&#46;</p><p id="para0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our results suggest that family members should keep an eye on their family&#39;s behavioural control of adolescents&#46; Adolescents with NSSI face more behavioural control during their parents&#39; upbringing&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0046"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46</span></a> However&#44; inconsistent results have been found regarding parental behavioural control&#44; possibly due to different measures used to assess behavioural control and different definitions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0047"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0048"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">48</span></a> Parental involvement in changing their parenting and behaviour styles after learning about NSSI in their children has been found to reduce the incidence of NSSI in children&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0049"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">49</span></a> Xu Wang <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a> found that adjusting parents&#39; negative perceptions and behavioural patterns of NSSI is beneficial in reducing adolescent-parent conflict and preventing NSSI&#46; Adolescents with long experiences of control often have difficulty regulating their emotions&#44; and may be impulsive when encountering difficulties&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0041"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0051"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51</span></a> NSSI behaviour is considered an inappropriate way to cope with negative emotions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0052"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">52</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0053"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a> and often occurs following experiences of anxiety&#44; insecurity&#44; fear&#44; and sadness&#46; In the absence of effective coping strategies&#44; adolescents may resort to self-injury as a means of managing their emotions&#46;</p><p id="para0031" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In summary&#44; our investigation revealed that patients diagnosed with mood disorders who engaged in NSSI exhibited poorer family functioning&#46; This discrepancy was particularly evident in areas of communication&#44; affective response&#44; and behavioural control&#46; Notably&#44; female adolescents were more likely to exhibit NSSI behaviour than their male counterparts&#46; We observed a positive correlation between the degree of impaired family function and the likelihood of future NSSI&#46; We anticipate that our findings will hold considerable practical implications for identifying and providing timely interventions for individuals who exhibit NSSI behaviour in the future&#46;</p><span id="sec0012" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0018">Limitations</span><p id="para0032" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several limitations should be acknowledged in this study&#46; First&#44; the participants were solely recruited from a single hospital&#44; thus the generalizability of findings to adolescents in other regions remains uncertain&#46; Additionally&#44; the age range of participants was limited to 12&#8211;17 years old&#44; which may impact the generalizability of results to a wider age range&#46; There were significantly fewer male subjects in the NSSI group&#44; which could limit the explanation of the results for male patients&#46; Second&#44; due to the cross-sectional design of the study&#44; it is not possible to establish a causal relationship between NSSI and family function&#46; Future research should incorporate mediation analysis to investigate the role of mood disorders in this relationship&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0013" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0019">Conclusion</span><p id="para0033" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although current research has shown that family functioning plays a role in nonsuicidal self-injury&#44; communication&#44; affective responsiveness&#44; and behaviour control clearly occupy a more important position&#46; In addition&#44; gender seems to be an important influencing factor for adolescent NSSI behaviour&#46; We hope that this study can make the public aware of the importance of the above three aspects of family functioning&#44; and call on society or the country to take necessary guidance measures for the improvement of adolescent family functioning in the early stages&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0014" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0020">Ethical considerations</span><p id="para0034" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was conducted by the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the ethics committee of the Affiliated Hangzhou First People&#39;s Hospital of Zhejiang University &#40;IRB&#58; 2020-K008&#8211;01&#44; January 2020&#41;&#46; The patients or their guardians provided written informed consent to participate in this study&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:10 [
        0 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres2070104"
          "titulo" => "Abstract"
          "secciones" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abss0001"
              "titulo" => "Background and objectives"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abss0002"
              "titulo" => "Methods"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abss0003"
              "titulo" => "Results"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "abss0004"
              "titulo" => "Conclusion"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1766267"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
        ]
        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0001"
          "titulo" => "Background and objectives"
        ]
        3 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0002"
          "titulo" => "Methods"
          "secciones" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0003"
              "titulo" => "Participants"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0004"
              "titulo" => "Materials"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0005"
              "titulo" => "Statistical analyses"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        4 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0006"
          "titulo" => "Results"
          "secciones" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0007"
              "titulo" => "General data"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0008"
              "titulo" => "Logistic regression analysis"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0009"
              "titulo" => "Prediction model"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0010"
              "titulo" => "Evaluation of the logistic regression prediction model"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        5 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0011"
          "titulo" => "Discussion"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0012"
              "titulo" => "Limitations"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        6 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0013"
          "titulo" => "Conclusion"
        ]
        7 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0014"
          "titulo" => "Ethical considerations"
        ]
        8 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xack721134"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        ]
        9 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2023-05-16"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2023-08-18"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1766267"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Nonsuicidal self-injury"
            1 => "Family functioning"
            2 => "Adolescents"
            3 => "Mood disorders"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abss0001" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0002">Background and objectives</span><p id="spara008" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This study explored the correlation between nonsuicidal self-injury &#40;NSSI&#41; and family functioning among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with mood disorders&#46;</p></span> <span id="abss0002" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0003">Methods</span><p id="spara009" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 142 participants were clinically assessed for NSSI&#44; with 85 in the NSSI group and 57 in the non-NSSI group&#46; The correlation between NSSI and family functioning was compared and a regression prediction model was constructed to determine the risk probability of NSSI&#46;</p></span> <span id="abss0003" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0004">Results</span><p id="spara010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A significant association was found between family functioning and NSSI &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;0&#46;017&#41;&#46; The correlation between adolescents with NSSI and gender&#44; communication&#44; affective responsiveness&#44; and behaviour control was statistically significant&#46; A nomogram graph and ROC curve were constructed&#44; with an AUC of 0&#46;772&#46;</p></span> <span id="abss0004" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="cesectitle0005">Conclusion</span><p id="spara011" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The findings support the notion that family functioning is associated with a higher risk for NSSI among adolescents with mood disorders&#46; Furthermore&#44; gender&#44; communication&#44; affective responsiveness&#44; and behaviour control may be contributing factors&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abss0001"
            "titulo" => "Background and objectives"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abss0002"
            "titulo" => "Methods"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abss0003"
            "titulo" => "Results"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abss0004"
            "titulo" => "Conclusion"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:3 [
        "etiqueta" => "1"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="notep0001">First author&#58; Changyuan Qiao&#44; The Fourth Clinical Medical College&#44; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University&#44; Hangzhou City&#44; PR China&#46;</p>"
        "identificador" => "fn1"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:4 [
      0 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "fig0001"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1665
            "Ancho" => 3000
            "Tamanyo" => 137417
          ]
        ]
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0001"
            "detalle" => "Fig "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara001" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The Nomogram graph predicts the risk probability of NSSI due to various factors&#46; FAD&#44; Family Function Total Scores&#59; CM&#44; Communication&#59; AR&#44; Affective Responsiveness&#59; BC&#44; Behaviour Control&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "fig0002"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1685
            "Ancho" => 2167
            "Tamanyo" => 108489
          ]
        ]
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0002"
            "detalle" => "Fig "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara003" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A receiver operating characteristic &#40;ROC&#41; curve of NSSI behavior of Chinese adolescents with mood disorders based on family functioning&#46; It connects coordinate points with 1 - specificity &#40;&#61; false positive rate&#41; as the x-axis and sensitivity as the y-axis at all cut-off values measured from the test results&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0001"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0003"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spara005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">HAMD-24&#44; Hamilton rating scale for depression-24&#59; FAD&#44; family assessment device&#59; PS&#44; problem solving&#59; CM&#44; communication&#59; RL&#44; roles&#59; AR&#44; affective responsiveness&#59; AI&#44; affective involvement&#59; BC&#44; behaviour control&#59; GF&#44; general functioning&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0001"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Characteristics&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0002"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;142&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0003"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">NSSI group &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;85&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0004"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Non-NSSI group &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#160;&#61;&#160;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0005"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#47;&#967;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>-value</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0006"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P-value</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0007"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Diagnosis&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0008"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0009"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0010"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0011"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;065&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0012"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;080&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0013"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Unipolar Depression&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0014"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">119&#40;83&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0015"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">75&#40;88&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0016"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">44&#40;77&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0017"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0018"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0019"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bipolar Depression&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0020"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">23&#40;16&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0021"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">10&#40;11&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0022"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">13&#40;22&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0023"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0024"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0025"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">HAMD-24&#44; Mean&#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0026"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">23&#46;75&#160;&#177;&#160;7&#46;710&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0027"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">24&#46;77&#160;&#177;&#160;8&#46;372&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0028"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">22&#46;24&#160;&#177;&#160;6&#46;373&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0029"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;760&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0030"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;055&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0031"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Sex&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0032"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0033"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0034"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0035"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">25&#46;150&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0036"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0037"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Male&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0038"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">30&#40;21&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0039"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">6 &#40;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0040"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">24 &#40;80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0041"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0042"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0043"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0044"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">112&#40;78&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0045"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">79 &#40;70&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0046"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">33 &#40;29&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0047"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0048"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0049"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Age&#40;yrs&#41;&#44; Mean&#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0050"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">14&#46;64&#160;&#177;&#160;1&#46;536&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0051"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">14&#46;47&#160;&#177;&#160;1&#46;493&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0052"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">14&#46;89&#160;&#177;&#160;1&#46;578&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0053"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;632&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0054"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;107&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0055"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Grade&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span>&#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0056"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0057"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0058"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0059"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;262&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0060"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;133&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0061"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Junior high school&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0062"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">95&#40;66&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0063"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">61&#40;71&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0064"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">34&#40;59&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0065"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0066"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0067"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Senior high school&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0068"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">47&#40;33&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0069"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">24&#40;28&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0070"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">23&#40;40&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0071"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0072"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0073"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">FAD total scores&#44; Mean&#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0074"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">148&#46;20&#160;&#177;&#160;19&#46;416&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0075"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">151&#46;36&#160;&#177;&#160;18&#46;641&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0076"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">143&#46;47&#160;&#177;&#160;19&#46;749&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0077"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;414&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0078"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;017&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0079"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>PS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0080"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">14&#46;65&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;247&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0081"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">14&#46;72&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;229&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0082"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">14&#46;56&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;291&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0083"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;405&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0084"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;686&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0085"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0086"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">23&#46;88&#160;&#177;&#160;4&#46;140&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0087"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">24&#46;74&#160;&#177;&#160;3&#46;968&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0088"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">22&#46;60&#160;&#177;&#160;4&#46;092&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0089"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;118&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0090"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;002&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0091"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>RL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0092"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">26&#46;20&#160;&#177;&#160;4&#46;766&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0093"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">26&#46;66&#160;&#177;&#160;4&#46;905&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0094"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">25&#46;51&#160;&#177;&#160;4&#46;504&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0095"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;415&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0096"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;159&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0097"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0098"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">15&#46;99&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;943&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0099"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">16&#46;41&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;851&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0100"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">15&#46;37&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;992&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0101"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;096&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0102"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;038&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0103"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0104"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">16&#46;82&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;786&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0105"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">16&#46;95&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;760&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0106"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">16&#46;63&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;839&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0107"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;672&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0108"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;502&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0109"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>BC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0110"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">21&#46;17&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;590&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0111"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">21&#46;53&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;510&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0112"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">20&#46;63&#160;&#177;&#160;2&#46;636&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0113"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;048&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0114"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;042&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0115"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>GF&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0116"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">29&#46;54&#160;&#177;&#160;6&#46;392&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0117"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">30&#46;35&#160;&#177;&#160;6&#46;462&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0118"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">28&#46;32&#160;&#177;&#160;6&#46;142&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0119"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;878&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0120"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;062&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab3428547.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara004" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Demographic and psychological characteristics of participants with and without NSSI&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0002"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "alt0004"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spara007" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">FAD&#44; family function total scores&#59; CM&#44; communication&#59; AR&#44; affective responsiveness&#59; BC&#44; behaviour control&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0121"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Regression factor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0122"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">B&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0123"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0124"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">95&#37; CI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><a name="en0125"></a><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>-value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0126"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">Sex&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0127"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">2&#46;259&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0128"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">9&#46;576&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0129"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">3&#46;585&#8211;25&#46;578&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0130"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="top">&#60;0&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0131"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">FAD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0132"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;022&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0133"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;022&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0134"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;003&#8211;1&#46;041&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0135"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;020&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0136"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">CM&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0137"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;136&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0138"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;146&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0139"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;046&#8211;1&#46;255&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0140"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0141"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">AR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0142"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;124&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0143"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;132&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0144"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;005&#8211;1&#46;275&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0145"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;041&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><a name="en0146"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">BC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0147"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">0&#46;139&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0148"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;150&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0149"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="top">1&#46;003&#8211;1&#46;318&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><a name="en0150"></a><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;045&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab3428546.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spara006" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Logistic regression analysis of NSSI and Non-NSSI groups and impact factors&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "cebibsec1"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:53 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0001"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The functions of self-injury in young adults who cut themselves&#58; clarifying the evidence for affect-regulation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "E&#46;D&#46; Klonsky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.psychres.2008.02.008"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Psychiatry Res"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "166"
                        "numero" => "2&#8211;3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "260"
                        "paginaFinal" => "268"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19275962"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0002"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Why do people hurt themselves&#63; New insights into the nature and functions of self-injury"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "M&#46;K&#46; Nock"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01613.x"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Curr Dir Psychol Sci"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "18"
                        "numero" => "2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "78"
                        "paginaFinal" => "83"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20161092"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0003"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46;L&#46; Plener"
                            1 => "M&#46; Kaess"
                            2 => "C&#46; Schmahl"
                            3 => "S&#46; Pollak"
                            4 => "J&#46;M&#46; Fegert"
                            5 => "R&#46;C&#46; Brown"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.3238/arztebl.2018.0023"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Dtsch Arztebl Int"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "115"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "23"
                        "paginaFinal" => "30"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29366448"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0004"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The DSM-5 diagnosis of nonsuicidal self-injury disorder&#58; a review of the empirical literature"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Zetterqvist"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/s13034-015-0062-7"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "9"
                        "paginaInicial" => "31"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26417387"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Self-cutting and risk of subsequent suicide"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Carroll"
                            1 => "K&#46;H&#46; Thomas"
                            2 => "K&#46; Bramley"
                            3 => "S&#46; Williams"
                            4 => "L&#46; Griffin"
                            5 => "J&#46; Potokar"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.007"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "192"
                        "paginaInicial" => "8"
                        "paginaFinal" => "10"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26707346"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0006"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Non-suicidal self-injury in adolescence"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "R&#46;C&#46; Brown"
                            1 => "P&#46;L&#46; Plener"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s11920-017-0767-9"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Curr Psychiatry Rep"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "19"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "20"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28315191"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0007"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder&#58; an empirical investigation in adolescent psychiatric patients"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "C&#46;R&#46; Glenn"
                            1 => "E&#46;D&#46; Klonsky"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/15374416.2013.794699"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "42"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "496"
                        "paginaFinal" => "507"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23682597"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0008"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The longitudinal course of non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm&#58; a systematic review of the literature"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "P&#46;L&#46; Plener"
                            1 => "T&#46;S&#46; Schumacher"
                            2 => "L&#46;M&#46; Munz"
                            3 => "R&#46;C&#46; Groschwitz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/s40479-014-0024-3"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26401305"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0009"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Predictors of future suicide attempt among adolescents with suicidal thoughts or non-suicidal self-harm&#58; a population-based birth cohort study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "B&#46; Mars"
                            1 => "J&#46; Heron"
                            2 => "E&#46;D&#46; Klonsky"
                            3 => "P&#46; Moran"
                            4 => "R&#46;C&#46; O&#39;Connor"
                            5 => "K&#46; Tilling"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Lancet Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "327"
                        "paginaFinal" => "337"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalence and risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury among patients with depression or bipolar disorder in China"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "L&#46; Wang"
                            1 => "J&#46; Liu"
                            2 => "Y&#46; Yang"
                            3 => "H Zou"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/s12888-021-03392-y"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "BMC Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "21"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "389"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34348675"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0011"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Self-harm&#44; affective traits&#44; and psychosocial functioning in adults with depressive and bipolar disorders"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "M&#46;J&#46; Weintraub"
                            1 => "M&#46;M&#46; Van de Loo"
                            2 => "M&#46;J&#46; Gitlin"
                            3 => "D&#46;J&#46; Miklowitz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1097/NMD.0000000000000744"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Nerv Ment Dis"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "205"
                        "numero" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "896"
                        "paginaFinal" => "899"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29077652"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0012"
              "etiqueta" => "12"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Investigation of status and risk factors in major depressivedisorder patients with non-suicidal self-injury"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46;L&#46;W&#46; Fang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0013"
              "etiqueta" => "13"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Risk factors and correlates of deliberate self-harm behavior&#58; a systematic review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "H&#46; Fliege"
                            1 => "J&#46;R&#46; Lee"
                            2 => "A&#46; Grimm"
                            3 => "B&#46;F&#46; Klapp"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.10.013"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Psychosom Res"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "66"
                        "numero" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "477"
                        "paginaFinal" => "493"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19446707"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0014"
              "etiqueta" => "14"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "M&#46;M Linehan"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Psychosom Res"
                        "fecha" => "1993"
                        "volumen" => "43"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "323"
                        "paginaFinal" => "324"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "15"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Association between parenting and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents in Yunnan&#44; China&#58; a cross-sectional survey"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Liu"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Xiao"
                            2 => "H&#46; Ran"
                            3 => "X&#46; He"
                            4 => "L&#46; Jiang"
                            5 => "T&#46; Wang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.7717/peerj.10493"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "PeerJ"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "8"
                        "paginaInicial" => "e10493"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33354431"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0016"
              "etiqueta" => "16"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Parent-child interactions&#44; peripheral serotonin&#44; and self-inflicted injury in adolescents"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46;E&#46; Crowell"
                            1 => "T&#46;P&#46; Beauchaine"
                            2 => "E&#46; McCauley"
                            3 => "C&#46;J&#46; Smith"
                            4 => "C&#46;A&#46; Vasilev"
                            5 => "A&#46;L&#46; Stevens"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1037/0022-006X.76.1.15"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Consult Clin Psychol"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "76"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "15"
                        "paginaFinal" => "21"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18229978"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0017"
              "etiqueta" => "17"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Family environment&#44; expressed emotion and adolescent self-harm&#58; a review of conceptual&#44; empirical&#44; cross-cultural and clinical perspectives"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Michelson"
                            1 => "D&#46; Bhugra"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.3109/09540261.2012.657613"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int Rev Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "numero" => "2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "106"
                        "paginaFinal" => "114"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22515458"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0018"
              "etiqueta" => "18"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Poor family functioning mediates the link between childhood adversity and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Cassels"
                            1 => "A&#46;L&#46; van Harmelen"
                            2 => "S&#46; Neufeld"
                            3 => "I&#46; Goodyer"
                            4 => "P&#46;B&#46; Jones"
                            5 => "P&#46; Wilkinson"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/jcpp.12866"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Child Psychol Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "59"
                        "numero" => "8"
                        "paginaInicial" => "881"
                        "paginaFinal" => "887"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29363128"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0019"
              "etiqueta" => "19"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The relationship between family functioning and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents&#58; a structural equation modeling analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "Y&#46;L&#46;B Wang"
                            1 => "B&#46; Hong"
                            2 => "M&#46; Yang"
                            3 => "L&#46; Zhao"
                            4 => "P Jia"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0020"
              "etiqueta" => "20"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Investigating the DSM-5 criteria for non-suicidal self-injury disorder in a community sample of adolescents"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Buelens"
                            1 => "K&#46; Luyckx"
                            2 => "G&#46; Kiekens"
                            3 => "A&#46; Gandhi"
                            4 => "J&#46;J&#46; Muehlenkamp"
                            5 => "L&#46; Claes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.009"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "260"
                        "paginaInicial" => "314"
                        "paginaFinal" => "322"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31521868"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0021"
              "etiqueta" => "21"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The McMaster Model of Family Functioning&#58; observer and parental ratings in a nonclinical sample"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Stevenson-Hinde"
                            1 => "J&#46; Akister"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1545-5300.1995.00337.x"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Fam Process"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "34"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "337"
                        "paginaFinal" => "347"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8582479"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0022"
              "etiqueta" => "22"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The evaluation of family functioning by the family assessment device&#58; a systematic review of studies in adult clinical populations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "L&#46; Staccini"
                            1 => "E&#46; Tomba"
                            2 => "S&#46; Grandi"
                            3 => "G&#46;I&#46; Keitner"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/famp.12098"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Fam Process"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "54"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "94"
                        "paginaFinal" => "115"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25154959"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0023"
              "etiqueta" => "23"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Chinese version of family assessment device"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "D&#46;T&#46;L&#46; Shek"
                            1 => "L&#46; Yu"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:5 [
                        "editores" => "ACMichalos"
                        "titulo" => "Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research"
                        "paginaInicial" => "885"
                        "paginaFinal" => "887"
                        "serieFecha" => "2014"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0024"
              "etiqueta" => "24"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Development and validation of a prediction nomogram for non-suicidal self-injury in female patients with mood disorder"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Liang"
                            1 => "D&#46; Li"
                            2 => "X&#46; Liu"
                            3 => "I&#46; Jiang"
                            4 => "J&#46; Zhang"
                            5 => "J&#46; Liu"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Front Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2023"
                        "volumen" => "14"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0025"
              "etiqueta" => "25"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Non-suicidal self-injury in developing countries&#58; a review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Mannekote Thippaiah"
                            1 => "M&#46; Shankarapura Nanjappa"
                            2 => "J&#46;G&#46; Gude"
                            3 => "E&#46; Voyiaziakis"
                            4 => "S&#46; Patwa"
                            5 => "B&#46; Birur"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1177/0020764020943627"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Soc Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "67"
                        "numero" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "472"
                        "paginaFinal" => "482"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32715834"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0026"
              "etiqueta" => "26"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Non-suicidal self-injury in adolescence&#58; the role of pre-existing vulnerabilities and COVID-19-related stress"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "L&#46; De Luca"
                            1 => "M&#46; Giletta"
                            2 => "A&#46; Nocentini"
                            3 => "E&#46; Menesini"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s10964-022-01669-3"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Youth Adolesc"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "51"
                        "numero" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2383"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2395"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35986870"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            26 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0027"
              "etiqueta" => "27"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Family structure&#44; family functioning and adolescent well-being&#58; the transcendent influence of parental style"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "A&#46;B&#46; A H McFarlane"
                            1 => "G&#46;R&#46; Norman"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01333.x"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Child Psychol Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "1995 Jul"
                        "volumen" => "36"
                        "numero" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "847"
                        "paginaFinal" => "864"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7559849"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            27 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0028"
              "etiqueta" => "28"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The natural history of self-harm from adolescence to young adulthood&#58; a population-based cohort study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Moran"
                            1 => "C&#46; Coffey"
                            2 => "H&#46; Romaniuk"
                            3 => "C&#46; Olsson"
                            4 => "R&#46; Borschmann"
                            5 => "J&#46;B&#46; Carlin"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Lancet North Am Ed"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "379"
                        "numero" => "9812"
                        "paginaInicial" => "236"
                        "paginaFinal" => "243"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            28 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0029"
              "etiqueta" => "29"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "What happens to young adults who have engaged in self-injurious behavior as adolescents&#63; A 10-year follow-up"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Daukantait&#279;"
                            1 => "L&#46;-G&#46; Lundh"
                            2 => "M&#46; W&#229;ngby-Lundh"
                            3 => "B&#46; Clar&#233;us"
                            4 => "J&#46; Bj&#228;rehed"
                            5 => "Y&#46; Zhou"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s00787-020-01533-4"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "30"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "475"
                        "paginaFinal" => "492"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32318877"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            29 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0030"
              "etiqueta" => "30"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "How big is a big odds ratio&#63; Interpreting the magnitudes of odds ratios in epidemiological studies"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "H&#46; Chen"
                            1 => "P&#46; Cohen"
                            2 => "S&#46; Chen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Commun Stat Simul Comput"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "39"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "860"
                        "paginaFinal" => "864"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            30 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0031"
              "etiqueta" => "31"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Age and gender effects on non-suicidal self-injury&#44; and their interplay with psychological distress"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46;O&#46; Wilkinson"
                            1 => "T&#46; Qiu"
                            2 => "C&#46; Jesmont"
                            3 => "S&#46;A&#46;S&#46; Neufeld"
                            4 => "S&#46;P&#46; Kaur"
                            5 => "P&#46;B&#46; Jones"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.021"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "306"
                        "paginaInicial" => "240"
                        "paginaFinal" => "245"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35304237"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            31 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0032"
              "etiqueta" => "32"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Gender differences in the prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury&#58; a meta-analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Bresin"
                            1 => "M&#46; Schoenleber"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.009"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Psychol Rev"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "38"
                        "paginaInicial" => "55"
                        "paginaFinal" => "64"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25795294"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            32 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0033"
              "etiqueta" => "33"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Emotion regulation and psychopathology&#58; the role of gender"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Nolen-Hoeksema"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143109"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Annu Rev Clin Psychol"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "8"
                        "paginaInicial" => "161"
                        "paginaFinal" => "187"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22035243"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            33 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0034"
              "etiqueta" => "34"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cascades of emotion&#58; the emergence of borderline personality disorder from emotional and behavioral dysregulation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "E&#46;A&#46; Selby"
                            1 => "T&#46;E&#46; Joiner"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1037/a0015687"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Gen Psychol"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "219"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20161656"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            34 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0035"
              "etiqueta" => "35"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Adolescent-parent communication in self-harm"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "A&#46;L&#46; Tulloch"
                            1 => "L&#46; Blizzard"
                            2 => "Z&#46; Pinkus"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00118-3"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Adolesc Health"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "21"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "267"
                        "paginaFinal" => "275"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9304459"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            35 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0036"
              "etiqueta" => "36"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Parental divorce and the well-being of children&#58; a meta-analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "P&#46;R&#46; Amato"
                            1 => "B&#46; Keith"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.26"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Psychol Bull"
                        "fecha" => "1991"
                        "volumen" => "110"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "26"
                        "paginaFinal" => "46"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1832495"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            36 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0037"
              "etiqueta" => "37"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Association of the labor migration of parents with nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidality among their offspring in China"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Ma"
                            1 => "H&#46; Guo"
                            2 => "S&#46; Guo"
                            3 => "T&#46; Jiao"
                            4 => "C&#46; Zhao"
                            5 => "B&#46;A&#46; Ammerman"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "JAMA Netw Open"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "4"
                        "numero" => "11"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            37 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0038"
              "etiqueta" => "38"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Impact of parental divorce versus separation due to migration on mental health and self-injury of Chinese children&#58; a cross sectional survey"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "F&#46; Wang"
                            1 => "J&#46; Lu"
                            2 => "L&#46; Lin"
                            3 => "J&#46; Cai"
                            4 => "J&#46; Xu"
                            5 => "X&#46; Zhou"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/s13034-021-00424-z"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "15"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "71"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34836541"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            38 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0039"
              "etiqueta" => "39"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "longitudinal&#95;study&#95;of&#95;nonsuicidal&#95;self-injury"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "L&#46; Hilt MN"
                            1 => "M&#46; Prinstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Early Adolesc"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            39 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0040"
              "etiqueta" => "40"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "&#35;cutting&#58; non-suicidal self-injury &#40;NSSI&#41; on Instagram"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "R&#46;C&#46; Brown"
                            1 => "T&#46; Fischer"
                            2 => "A&#46;D&#46; Goldwich"
                            3 => "F&#46; Keller"
                            4 => "R&#46; Young"
                            5 => "P&#46;L&#46; Plener"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1017/S0033291717001751"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Psychol Med"
                        "fecha" => "2018"
                        "volumen" => "48"
                        "numero" => "2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "337"
                        "paginaFinal" => "346"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28705261"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            40 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0041"
              "etiqueta" => "41"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Behavioral and emotional responses to interpersonal stress&#58; a comparison of adolescents engaged in non-suicidal self-injury to adolescent suicide attempters"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "K&#46;L&#46; Kim"
                            1 => "G&#46;K&#46; Cushman"
                            2 => "A&#46;B&#46; Weissman"
                            3 => "M&#46;E&#46; Puzia"
                            4 => "E&#46; Wegbreit"
                            5 => "E&#46;B&#46; Tone"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.001"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Psychiatry Res"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "228"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "899"
                        "paginaFinal" => "906"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26003509"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            41 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0042"
              "etiqueta" => "42"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Emotional reactivity and inhibitory control in nonsuicidal self-injury adolescence&#58; divergence between positive and negative emotions"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Liu"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Gao"
                            2 => "H&#46; Wang"
                            3 => "X&#46; Liu"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s10964-022-01618-0"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Youth Adolesc"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "51"
                        "numero" => "9"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1720"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1732"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35523926"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            42 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0043"
              "etiqueta" => "43"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Differential perception of sharp pain in patients with borderline personality disorder"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "N&#46; Schloss"
                            1 => "P&#46; Shabes"
                            2 => "S&#46; Kuniss"
                            3 => "F&#46; Willis"
                            4 => "R&#46;-D&#46; Treede"
                            5 => "C&#46; Schmahl"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1002/ejp.1411"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Pain"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "numero" => "8"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1448"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1463"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31034113"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            43 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0044"
              "etiqueta" => "44"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dialectical behavior therapy with families"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "A&#46;E&#46; Fruzzetti"
                            1 => "D&#46;A&#46; Santisteban"
                            2 => "P&#46;D&#46; Hoffman"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:5 [
                        "titulo" => "Dialectical behavior therapy in clinical practice&#58; applications across disorders and settings"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "paginaInicial" => "222"
                        "paginaFinal" => "244"
                        "editorial" => "Guilford Press"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            44 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
              "etiqueta" => "45"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Impact of violent experiences and social support on R-NSSI behavior among middle school students in China"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Liu"
                            1 => "X&#46; Yang"
                            2 => "M Xin"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Environ Res Public Health"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "18"
                        "numero" => "7"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            45 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0046"
              "etiqueta" => "46"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Depressive symptoms mediate the association between maternal authoritarian parenting and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "C&#46;-R&#46; Liu"
                            1 => "L-P Wan"
                            2 => "B&#46;-P&#46; Liu"
                            3 => "C&#46;-X&#46; Jia"
                            4 => "X&#46; Liu"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.008"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Affect Disord"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "305"
                        "paginaInicial" => "213"
                        "paginaFinal" => "219"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35278486"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            46 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0047"
              "etiqueta" => "47"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Is nonsuicidal self-injury associated with parenting and family factors&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "I&#46; Baetens"
                            1 => "L&#46; Claes"
                            2 => "G&#46; Martin"
                            3 => "P&#46; Onghena"
                            4 => "H&#46; Grietens"
                            5 => "K&#46; Van Leeuwen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Early Adolesc"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "34"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "387"
                        "paginaFinal" => "405"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            47 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0048"
              "etiqueta" => "48"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Parenting behavior in families of female adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury in comparison to a clinical and a nonclinical control group"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Tschan"
                            1 => "M&#46; Schmid"
                            2 => "T&#46; In-Albon"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/s13034-015-0051-x"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "9"
                        "paginaInicial" => "17"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26157478"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            48 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0049"
              "etiqueta" => "49"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Parents&#39; attitudes toward and experience of non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents&#58; a qualitative study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "X&#46; Fu"
                            1 => "J&#46; Yang"
                            2 => "X&#46; Liao"
                            3 => "J&#46; Lin"
                            4 => "Y&#46; Peng"
                            5 => "Y&#46; Shen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00651"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Front Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2020"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "651"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32760298"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            49 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0050"
              "etiqueta" => "50"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Parents&#39; lived experience of adolescents&#39; repeated non-suicidal self-injury in China&#58; a qualitative study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "X&#46; Wang"
                            1 => "X&#46; Huang"
                            2 => "X&#46; Huang"
                            3 => "W&#46; Zhao"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/s12888-022-03715-7"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "BMC Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "22"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "70"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35090423"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            50 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0051"
              "etiqueta" => "51"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Emotion dysregulation and non-suicidal self-injury&#58; a systematic review and meta-analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;C&#46; Wolff"
                            1 => "E&#46; Thompson"
                            2 => "S&#46;A&#46; Thomas"
                            3 => "J&#46; Nesi"
                            4 => "A&#46;H&#46; Bettis"
                            5 => "B&#46; Ransford"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.03.004"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "59"
                        "paginaInicial" => "25"
                        "paginaFinal" => "36"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30986729"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            51 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0052"
              "etiqueta" => "52"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Adolescent-parent attachments family problem-solving styles"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "C&#46;L&#46; Cobb"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1545-5300.1996.00057.x"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Fam Process"
                        "fecha" => "1996"
                        "volumen" => "35"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "57"
                        "paginaFinal" => "82"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8804967"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            52 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0053"
              "etiqueta" => "53"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Non-suicidal self-injury among Dutch and Belgian adolescents&#58; personality&#44; stress and coping"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Kiekens"
                            1 => "R&#46; Bruffaerts"
                            2 => "M&#46;K&#46; Nock"
                            3 => "M&#46; Van de Ven"
                            4 => "C&#46; Witteman"
                            5 => "P&#46; Mortier"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.06.007"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "30"
                        "numero" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "743"
                        "paginaFinal" => "749"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26260264"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "agradecimientos" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "identificador" => "xack721134"
        "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        "texto" => "<p id="para0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This work is supported by the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs0001">Zhejiang Medical Association Program</span> &#40;grant number&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs0001">2023KY920</span>&#41;&#46; The funder had no role in operation of this project and did not have any involvement in the preparation&#44; review&#44; approval&#44; or decision to submit this manuscript for publication&#46;</p><p id="para0036" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily of the Zhejiang Medical Association&#46; Infrastructure support for the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics was provided by the Department of Clinical Psychology&#44; Affiliated Hangzhou First People&#39;s Hospital&#44; School of Medicine&#44; Zhejiang University&#46;</p>"
        "vista" => "all"
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/02136163/0000003800000001/v1_202401090449/S0213616323000393/v1_202401090449/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "64426"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Original articles"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/02136163/0000003800000001/v1_202401090449/S0213616323000393/v1_202401090449/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213616323000393?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
]

Article information

ISSN: 02136163
Original language: English

DOI:10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100226

The statistics are updated each day

Indexed in:

Follow us:

Statistics

Indexed in:

Follow us:

Statistics

Subscribe to our newsletter