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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Vaccine adherence and adverse events of the SARS-COV vaccine in patients with in...
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Original article
Available online 5 June 2024
Vaccine adherence and adverse events of the SARS-COV vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Adherencia a la vacuna y efectos adversos de la vacuna SARS-CoV-2 en los pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
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Francisca Isabelle da Silva e Sousaa, Raiza Lima Silvaa, Cezar Nilton Rabelo Lemos Filhoa, Maria Tereza Oliveira Pereira Santosa, Luiz Eduardo Soares Martinsa, Thais Carvalho de Abreua, Leonardo Freire Alves Nogueiraa, Sâmya Correia Marquesa, Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte de Souzab, Lucia Libanez Bessa Campelo Bragab,
Corresponding author
lucialib@terra.com.br

Corresponding author.
a School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
b Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Walter Cantídio, University Hospital, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Characterization of the general sample according to complete vaccination schedule.
Table 2. COVID-19 vaccine effects distributed by dose, according to the immunizer used.
Table 3. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of non-serious adverse effects during the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Table 4. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of non-serious adverse effects during the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Table 5. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of non-serious adverse effects during the third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Abstract
Objective

To assess adherence to and the adverse effects of the SARS-COV vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Patients and methods

This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical data, SARS-COV vaccine data, medications for IBD with use during the vaccination period, and adverse events during the vaccination period were collected. Carried out logistic regressions with robust variance estimation to estimate the odds ratio with the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) to assess the factors associated with non-serious adverse effects following vaccine doses as outcome variables.

Results

194 patients participated, with vaccine compliance of 78.3% for three doses of any vaccine (n=152). Local symptoms and mild systemic symptoms predominated, regardless of the type of vaccine. The first dose of the SARS-COV vaccine with AstraZeneca had a higher percentage of patients with vaccine symptoms. AstraZeneca vaccine increased the chance of non-serious adverse effects in IBD patients by 2.65 times (95% CI: 1.38–5.08; p=0.003), regardless of age, gender, physical activity, excess weight, use of disease-modifying drugs, immunobiological and corticosteroids. CoronaVac vaccine was associated with asymptomatic patients at the first dose and reduced the chance of adverse effects by 0.28 times (OR: 0.284; 95%CI: 0.13–0.62; p=0.002).

Conclusion

Local symptoms and mild systemic symptoms predominated, regardless of the type of vaccine. Using CoronaVac in the first dose reduced the chances of adverse effects, while AstraZeneca increased the risk of adverse effects.

Keywords:
Inflammatory bowel disease
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccination
Adverse effects
Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar la adherencia y los efectos adversos de la vacuna SARS-CoV-2 en los pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII).

Pacientes y métodos

Se trata de un estudio observacional, analítico y transversal. Se recogieron los datos sociodemográficos y clínicos; los datos de la vacuna SARS-CoV-2, los medicamentos para la EII con el uso durante el período de vacunación y los efectos adversos tras la vacunación. Se realizaron regresiones logísticas con estimación robusta de la varianza para estimar la odds ratio con los respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC 95%) para evaluar los factores asociados a los efectos adversos no graves tras las dosis de vacuna como variables de resultado.

Resultados

Participaron 194 pacientes, con adherencia vacunal del 78,4% para 3 dosis de cualquier vacuna (n=152). Predominaron los síntomas locales y los síntomas sistémicos leves, independientemente del tipo de vacuna. La primera dosis de la vacuna SARS-CoV-2 con AstraZeneca tuvo un mayor porcentaje de pacientes con síntomas vacunales. La vacuna AstraZeneca aumentó 2,65 veces (IC 95%: 1,38-5,08; p=0,003) la probabilidad de efectos adversos no graves en pacientes con EII, independientemente de la edad, el sexo, la actividad física, el exceso de peso, el uso de fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad, inmunobiológicos y corticosteroides. La vacuna CoronaVac® se asoció a pacientes asintomáticos en la primera dosis y redujo la probabilidad de efectos adversos 0,28 veces (OR: 0,284; IC 95%: 0,13-0,62; p=0,002).

Conclusión

Se observó un predominio de los síntomas locales y los síntomas sistémicos leves, independientemente del tipo de vacuna. El uso de CoronaVac® en la primera dosis redujo las posibilidades de efectos adversos, mientras que AstraZeneca aumentó el riesgo de efectos adversos.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedades inflamatorias del intestino
SARS-CoV-2
Vacunación
Efectos adversos a largo plazo

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