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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Relación entre los acontecimientos estresantes y el curso de la enfermedad infl...
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Vol. 26. Issue 7.
Pages 411-416 (January 2003)
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Vol. 26. Issue 7.
Pages 411-416 (January 2003)
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Relación entre los acontecimientos estresantes y el curso de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal según la percepción subjetiva del paciente
Relationship Between Patient's Subjective Stress Perception And The Course Of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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E. Gómez-Gila,
Corresponding author
esgomez@clinic.ub.es

Correspondencia: Dra. E. Gómez Gil. Institut Clínic de Psiquiatria y Psicologia. Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace. Hospital Clínic. Villarroel, 170. 08036. Barcelona. España.
, J. Panésb, J. Jaéna, J.M. Peria, E. Fernández-Egeaa, J.M. Piquéb, A. Vidalb
a Institut Clínic de Psiquiatria i Psicologia. Hospital Clínic. Barcelona. España
b Institut de Malalties Digestives. Hospital Clínic. Barcelona. España
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Introducción

Diversos estudios que han evaluado la existencia de una relación entre los acontecimientos vitales estresantes (AVE) y la actividad de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) han encontrado resultados contradictorios. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la percepción subjetiva de esta asociación en pacientes que padecen una EII.

Sujetos y Método

Un total de 70 pacientes consecutivos que padecían una EII (40 enfermedad de Crohn, 30 colitis ulcerosa) fueron evaluados con un cuestionario autoadministrado, en el que se preguntaba sobre los datos demográficos, los aspectos clínicos, la percepción subjetiva de la influencia de los AVE en el curso de su enfermedad, los aspectos psiquiátricos, y la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión (HAD). Los resultados de esta escala se compararon con los de un grupo de 25 familiares.

Resultados

Un total de 42 pacientes (60%) percibían que en su caso había una influencia entre los AVE con el inicio de su enfermedad, 49 (70%) con el incremento de la gravedad de los síntomas, y 51 (72,9%) con la aparición de brotes de actividad; 16 pacientes (22,9%) habían precisado atención psiquiátrica coincidiendo con períodos de reactivación de la enfermedad, y 25 (42,4%) puntuaron 11 o más en alguna de las dos subescalas de ansiedad o depresión, lo cual indica un probable trastorno ansioso-depresivo.

Conclusiones

Un elevado porcentaje de pacientes con EII tiene una percepción subjetiva de que existe un relación entre los AVE padecidos y la actividad de su enfermedad. La prevalencia de sintomatología ansiosa o depresiva en estos pacientes es elevada. Si esta observación se confirma, sería importante tener en cuenta la intervención psicológica-psiquiátrica en estos pacientes.

Introduction

Studies examining the relationship between stress secondary to adverse life events (ALE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have produced controversial data. The aim of this study was to explore the subjective perception of this relationship in IBD patients.

Patients And Method

Seventy consecutive patients suffering from IBD (40 Crohn's disease, 30 ulcerative colitis) were assessed using a self-rating questionnaire related to demographic variables, clinical characteristics, subjective perception of the influence of ALE on the course of IBD, psychiatric background, and the HAD scale. The results of this scale were compared with a group of 25 relatives.

Results

Forty-two patients (60%) perceived that there was relationship between ALE and the onset of their disease, forty-nine (70%) between ALE and the increasing IBD symptoms severity, and fifty-one patients (72.9%) with disease activity. Sixteen of the patients (22.9%) had been visited by a psychiatrist during relapses of IBD. Twenty-five patients (42.4%) reached a score of 11 or higher on the depression or anxiety subscales of the HAD, indicating a probable psychological disorder.

Conclusions

IBD patients perceive a strong relationship between ALE and the course of IBD. We have found a high prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in these patients. If this observation is confirmed with objective measurements, it will be important to consider psychiatric intervention for these patients.

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Copyright © 2003. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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