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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition) Coffee ground emesis and early endoscopy: Is timing actually relevant?
Journal Information
Vol. 47. Issue 5.
Pages 457-462 (May 2024)
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Vol. 47. Issue 5.
Pages 457-462 (May 2024)
Original article
Coffee ground emesis and early endoscopy: Is timing actually relevant?
Vómitos en posos de café y valoración endoscópica precoz. ¿Es realmente el tiempo la clave?
Ignacio Blanco Nodala,
Corresponding author
ignaciobnov37@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Valentín Roales Gómeza, David Olivares Quintanarb, Elena Velasco Martíneza, Sara Molina Tejedora, Jose Miguel Esteban López-Jamara, Enrique Rey Díaz-Rubioa
a Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
b Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (2)
Table 1. Differences between demographic, lab test and endoscopic variables of both groups subjected to univariate and multivariate analysis.
Table 2. Differences between the outcome variables of both endoscopy groups.
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Abstract
Objective

Coffee ground vomiting is a classical symptom of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. However, the clinical usefulness is limited, due to the low positive predictive value. Our goal is to determine if whether an urgent endoscopy does modify our therapeutic management with a real impact on survival.

Patients and methods

It is a retrospective, observational and descriptive study. We selected all patients that underwent a gastroscopy in our center for coffee ground vomiting over the last 4 years (2017–2021). Two groups were established: urgent endoscopy (first 24 h) and scheduled (over 24 h). Then we studied differences between both groups regarding survival, ICU admission, hospitalization days and rebleeding.

Results

314 patients were identified, from which 276 were included, with 176 belonging to the urgency group and 109 to the scheduled group. There were no differences in the ICU admission, hospitalization days, survival or rebleeding after 30 days. There were no differences either in the number of potentially bleeding lesions nor the need of endoscopic therapeutic.

Conclusions

Coffee ground vomiting, without any other data supporting upper gastrointestinal bleeding, does not represent a reliable indicator. Performing urgent endoscopy is not beneficial in terms of morbimortality. Therefore, a more conservative strategy would allow to differ endoscopy, decreasing risks and reducing costs, without affecting the prognosis.

Keywords:
Endoscopy
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Vomiting
Coffee ground
Resumen
Objetivo

Los vómitos en posos de café son un síntoma clásico de hemorragia digestiva alta. Sin embargo, tienen escasa validez semiológica, dado su conocido bajo valor predictivo positivo. Nuestro objetivo es determinar si realizar una gastroscopia urgente en estos pacientes modifica nuestra conducta terapéutica con impacto real en la morbimortalidad.

Pacientes y métodos

Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo en el que se analizaron aquellos pacientes que se realizaron una gastroscopia en nuestro centro por vómitos en posos de café en los últimos 4 años (2017–2021). Se establecieron dos grupos: endoscopia urgente (primeras 24 h) y programada (más de 24 h) y se evaluaron las diferencias entre ambos grupos en supervivencia, estancia en UCI, días de ingreso hospitalario y tasa de resangrado.

Resultados

Se identificaron 314 pacientes, de los que finalmente se incluyeron 276, perteneciendo 176 al grupo de gastroscopia urgente y 109 al de diferida. No se identificaron diferencias en la tasa de ingreso en UCI, días de estancia hospitalaria, supervivencia ni resangrado a los 30 días. Tampoco se objetivaron diferencias en la tasa de detección de lesiones potencialmente sangrantes ni en la necesidad de terapéutica endoscópica.

Conclusiones

Los vómitos en posos de café, sin otros datos clínicos de hemorragia digestiva, no son un indicador fiable de la misma y la realización de una gastroscopia urgente no aporta beneficios en términos de morbimortalidad. Una estrategia conservadora en estos pacientes permitiría diferir endoscopias, evitando riesgos y ayudando al control de gastos sin incidir en el pronóstico del paciente.

Palabras clave:
Endoscopia
Hemorragia gastrointestinal
Vómitos
Posos de café

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