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Inicio Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular Hipertensión y síndrome de apnea del sueño
Journal Information
Vol. 19. Issue 7.
Pages 321-326 (October 2002)
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Vol. 19. Issue 7.
Pages 321-326 (October 2002)
Hipertensión y síndrome de apnea del sueño
Hypertension and sleep apnea syndrome
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B. Gil Extremera*, A. Maldonado Martín, J. Gómez Jiménez, J.A. Soto Más
Unidad de Hipertensión y Lípidos. Servicio de Medicina Interna A. Hospital Clínico San Cecilio. Granada
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El síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño (SAOS) ocurre en más del 10 % de la población mayor de 65 años y representa un factor de riesgo importante asociado a hipertensión, obesidad, ronquido, policitemia e insuficiencia cardíaca (30%-36%). Los pacientes presentan somnolencia diurna, pérdida de memoria, irritabilidad, deterioro intelectual e impotencia sexual. El diagnóstico se confirma con la polisomnografía o registro continuo durante el sueño nocturno que permite identificar los estadios sueño-vigilia y los parámetros cardiorrespiratorios. El tratamiento incluye pérdida de peso, abstinencia alcohólica, evitación de barbitúricos y neurolépticos, controlar la hipertensión y el empleo de presión positiva continua aérea (CPAP) en la vía respiratoria superior y apoyo ventilatorio durante el sueño. Este sistema generalmente es bien tolerado y eficaz en más del 80 % de los pacientes.

Palabras clave:
hipertensión
apnea
obesidad
tratamiento

The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) occurs in more than 10% of the population aged over 65 years and represents a major risk factor associated with hypertension, obesity, snoring, policytemia, and heart failure (30 %-36 %). Patients with this syndrome typically have diurnal sleepiness, memory loss, irritability, intelectual deterioration and sexual impotence. Diagnosis is confirmed with polisomnography or continuous recording during nocturnal sleep, which allows the identification the sleep-awakening states and cardio-respiratory parameters. Treatment includes weight loss, alcohol abstinence, avoidance of barbiturates and mnemoleptics, control of hypertension and use of CPAP in the upper airways and ventilatory support during sleep. This system is usually well tolerated and eficcient in over 80% of patients.

Key words:
hypertension
apnea
obesity
treatment

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