Article information
RESUMEN
Este trabajo analiza, desde el Enfoque basado en el Conocimiento, la manera en que las empresas formulan e implantan sus estrategias de Gestión del Conocimiento (EGC). En concreto, se trata de explorar si existen patrones específicos de EGC en función de los objetivos planteados, las herramientas de gestión de conocimiento utilizadas y la importancia concedida a determinados factores de implantación estratégica. Además, se intenta identificar la presencia de actitudes hacia la innovación particulares y la obtención de resultados diferenciados en función de la EGC seguida. La investigación empírica fue desarrollada a partir del envío postal de un cuestionario a un conjunto de empresas castellano-manchegas de diversos sectores de actividad. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que, efectivamente, existen diferencias entre las empresas de la muestra tanto en el diseño e implantación de la EGC así como en la actitud innovadora desarrollada y los resultados económicos alcanzados.
CLASIFICACIÓN JEL:
M19
032
PALABRAS CLAVE:
Estrategias de Gestión del Conocimiento
Actitud Innovadora
Resultados Empresariales
Estudio Exploratorio
ABSTRACT
This paper analyses, from a Knowledge-based View of the Firm, how companies formulate and implement their knowledge management strategies (KMS). Specifically, we try to explore if certain specific KMS patterns exist as a function of the established objectives, knowledge management tools that are used by the company, and the importance that it is given to certain strategic implementation aspects. Moreover, the study tries to identify particular innovative postures in firms related to the KMS that is developed and the existence of differences in relation to the financial performance achieved by these. A questionnaire was sent to a set of companies from the region of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain) in order to carry out the empirical study. The results of the study show the existence of significant differences in relation to the way that KMS are designed and implemented, as well as divergences in innovative postures and financial performance in these firms.
JEL CLASSIFICATION:
M19
032
KEY WORDS:
Knowledge Management Strategies
Innovative Posture
Firm Performance
Exploratory Study
Full text is only aviable in PDF
BIBLIOGRAFÍA
[ALAVI and LEIDNER, 2001]
M. ALAVI, D. LEIDNER.
“Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptual Foundations and Research Issues”.
MIS Quarterly, 25 (2001), pp. 107-136
[ALAVI and TIWANA, 2003]
M. ALAVI, A. TIWANA.
“Knowledge Management: The Information Technology Dimension”.
Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management, pp. 104-121
[ALMEIDA et al., 2003]
P. ALMEIDA, A. PHENE, R. GRANT.
“Innovation and Knowledge Management: Scanning, Sourcing and Integration”.
Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management, pp. 356-371
[ARGOTE and INGRAM, 2000]
L. ARGOTE, P. INGRAM.
“Knowledge Transfer: A Basis for Competitive Advantage in Firms”.
Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 82 (2000), pp. 150-169
[BIERLY and CHAKRABARTI, 1996]
P. BIERLY, A. CHAKRABARTI.
“Generic Knowledge Strategies in the US Pharmaceutical Industry”.
Strategic Management Journal, 17 (1996), pp. 123-135
[BIERLY and DALY, 2007]
P. BIERLY, P. DALY.
“Alternative Knowledge Management Strategies, Competitive Environment, and Organizational Performance in Small Manufacturing Firms”.
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Julio (2007), pp. 493-516
[CHOI and LEE, 2003]
B. CHOI, H. LEE.
“An Empirical Investigation of Knowledge Management Styles and Their Effect on Corporate Performance”.
Information & Management, 40 (2003), pp. 403-417
[CHRISTENSEN, 1996]
J.F. CHRISTENSEN.
“Innovative Assets and Inter-Asset Linkages -A Resource-Based Approach to Innovation”.
Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 4 (1996), pp. 193-209
[CHRISTENSEN, 2001]
J.F. CHRISTENSEN.
“Analyzing the Technology Base of the Firm. A Multidimensional Resource and Competence Perspective”.
Towards a Competence Theory of the Firm, pp. 111-132
[COHEN and LEVINTHAL, 1990]
W. COHEN, D. LEVINTHAL.
“Absorptive Capacity: A New Learning Perspective on Learning and Innovation”.
Administrative Science Quarterly, 35 (1990), pp. 128-152
[CLARKE and TURNER, 2004]
J. CLARKE, P. TURNER.
“Global Competition and the Australian Biotechnology Industry: Developing a Model of SMEs Knowledge Management Strategies”.
Knowledge and Management Process, 11 (2004), pp. 38-46
[DAVENPORT et al., 1998]
T. DAVENPORT, D. DELONG, M. BEERS.
“Successful Knowledge Management Projects”.
Sloan Management Review, 39 (1998), pp. 43-57
[DAY and WENDLER, 1998]
J.D. DAY, J.C. WENDLER.
“Best practices and Beyond: Knowledge Strategies”.
The McKinsey Quarterly, 1 (1998), pp. 19-25
[DÍAZ et al., 2006]
N. DÍAZ, I. AGUIAR, P. DE SAÁ.
“El Conocimiento Organizativo Tecnológico y la Capacidad de Innovación. Evidencia para la Empresa Industrial Española”.
Cuadernos de Economía y Dirección de la Empresa, (2006), pp. 33-60
[DONATE, 2007]
M. DONATE.
Estrategias de Conocimiento e Innovación, Consejo Económico y Social, (2007),
[DONATE and GUADAMILLAS, 2008]
M. DONATE, F. GUADAMILLAS.
“La Relación entre la Postura Tecnológica de la Empresa y su Estrategia de Conocimiento. Un Análisis de su Efecto en los Resultados”.
Revista Europea de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa, 17 (2008), pp. 29-54
[DOSI, 1982]
G. DOSI.
“Technological Paradigms and Technological Trajectories: A Suggested Interpretation of the Directions of Technical Change”.
Research Policy, 11 (1982), pp. 147-162
[DRUCKER, 1999]
P. DRUCKER.
“Knowledge-Worker Productivity: the Biggest Challenge”.
California Management Review, 41 (1999), pp. 79-94
[EARL, 2001]
M. EARL.
“Knowledge Management Strategies: Toward a Taxonomy”.
Journal of Management Information Systems, 18 (2001), pp. 215-233
[GALUNIC and RODAN, 1998]
D.C. GALUNIC, S. RODAN.
“Resource Recombination in the Firm: Knowledge Structures and the Potential for Schumpeterian Innovation”.
Strategic Management Journal, 19 (1998), pp. 1193-1201
[GRANT, 1996]
R.M. GRANT.
“Toward a Knowledge Based Theory of the Firm”.
Strategic Management Journal, 17 (1996), pp. 109-122
[GRANT, 2002]
R.M. GRANT.
Contemporary Strategy Analysis. Concepts, Techniques and Applications, 4a edición, Blackwell Publishers, (2002),
[GUADAMILLAS and FORCADELL, 2002]
F. GUADAMILLAS, F.J. FORCADELL.
“Implicaciones Estratégicas y Organizativas de la Implantación de la Gestión del Conocimiento en la Empresa”.
Esic Market, (2002), pp. 55-74
[HAIR et al., 1999]
J. HAIR, R. ANDERSON, R. TATHAM, W. BLACK.
Análisis Multivariante, 5a edición, Prentice Hall, (1999),
[HANSEN et al., 1999]
M.T. HANSEN, N. NHORIA, T. TIERNEY.
“What's Your Strategy for Managing Knowledge”.
Harvard Business Review, Marzo–Abril (1999), pp. 106-116
[HE and WONG, 2004]
Z.-L. HE, P.-K. WONG.
“Exploration vs. Exploitation: An Empirical Test of the Ambidexterity Hypothesis”.
Organization Science, 15 (2004), pp. 481-494
[HILL and JONES, 1996]
C.W. HILL, G.R. JONES.
Administración Estratégica. Un Enfoque Integrado, 3a edición, McGraw-Hill, (1996),
[HOOPES and POSTREL, 1999]
D.G. HOOPES, R. POSTREL.
“Shared Knowledge, ‘Glitches’ and Product Development Performance”.
Strategic Management Journal, 20 (1999), pp. 839-865
[HUPLIC et al., 2002]
V. HUPLIC, A. POULOUDI, G. RZEVSKI.
“Towards an Integrated Approach to Knowledge Management: ‘Hard’, ‘Soft’ and ‘Abstract’ Issues”.
Knowledge and Process Management, 9 (2002), pp. 90-102
[KIM and MAUBORGNE, 1999]
KIM, W., MAUBORGNE, R. (1999): “Strategy, Value Innovation and the Knowledge Economy”, Sloan Management Review, Primavera, pp. 41-48.
[KOGUT and ZANDER, 1992]
B. KOGUT, U. ZANDER.
“Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities and Replication of Technology”.
Organization Science, 3 (1992), pp. 383-397
[LEFEBVRE et al., 1992]
L. LEFEBVRE, A. LANGLEY, J. HARVEY, E. LEFEBVRE.
“Exploring the Strategy-Technology Connection in Small Manufacturing Firms”.
Production and Operations Management, 1 (1992), pp. 269-285
[LEFEBVRE and LEFEBVRE, 1993]
L. LEFEBVRE, E. LEFEBVRE.
“Competitive positioning and innovative efforts in SMEs”.
Small Business Economics, 4 (1993), pp. 13-21
[LEIDNER et al., 2006]
D. LEIDNER, M. ALAVI, T. KAYWORTH.
“The Role of Culture in Knowledge Management: A Case Study of Two Global Firms”.
International Journal of e-Collaboration, 2 (2006), pp. 17-40
[LEONARD-BARTON, 1995]
D. LEONARD-BARTON.
Wellsprings of Knowledge: Building a Sustaining the Source of Innovation, Harvard Business School Press, (1995),
[LIEBESKIND, 1996]
J.P. LIEBESKIND.
“Knowledge, Strategy, and the Theory of the Firm”.
Strategic Management Journal, 17 (1996), pp. 93-107
[MAIER and REMUS, 2002]
R. MAIER, U. REMUS.
“Defining Process-Oriented Knowledge Management Strategies”.
Knowledge and Process Management, 9 (2002), pp. 103-118
[MCEVILY and CHAKRAVARTHY, 2002]
S.K. MCEVILY, B. CHAKRAVARTHY.
“The persistence of knowledge-based advantage: an empirical test for product performance and technological knowledge”.
Strategic Management Journal, 23 (2002), pp. 285-305
[METCALFE and DE LISO, 1998]
S. METCALFE, N. DE LISO, et al.
“Innovation, Capabilities and Knowledge: The Epistemic Connection”.
Technological Change and Organization, pp. 8-27
[NAVAS and NIETO, 2003]
Estrategias de Innovación y Creación de Conocimiento Tecnológico en las Empresas Industriales Españolas,
[NELSON, 1982]
R. NELSON.
“The Role of Knowledge in R&D Efficiency”.
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Agosto (1982), pp. 452-470
[NIETO, 2001]
NIETO, M. (2001): Bases para el Estudio del Proceso de Innovación Tecnológica en la Empresa, Universidad de León, León.
[NONAKA, 1994]
I. NONAKA.
“A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation”.
Organization Science, 5 (1994), pp. 14-37
[NONAKA and TAKEUCHI, 1995]
I. NONAKA, H. TAKEUCHI.
The Knowledge Creating Company: How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation, Oxford University Press, (1995),
[NONAKA and TEECE, 2001]
I. NONAKA, D.J. TEECE.
“Research Directions for Knowledge Management”.
Managing Industrial Knowledge: Creation, Transfer and Utilization, pp. 330-335
[PARDO and RUIZ, 2002]
A. PARDO, M.A. RUIZ.
SPSS 11: Guía para el Análisis de Datos, Mc-Graw Hill, (2002),
[PARKER, 2000]
A.R. PARKER.
“Impact on the Organizational Performance of the Strategy-Technology Policy Interaction”.
Journal of Business Research, 47 (2000), pp. 55-64
[PÉREZ LÓPEZ et al., 2003]
PÉREZ LÓPEZ, S., MONTES, J.M. y VÁZQUEZ, C.J. (2003): “Prácticas de Recursos Humanos de Alto Rendimiento y Aprendizaje Organizativo. Efecto sobre los Resultados Empresariales”, IV Workshop La Gestión de Recursos Humanos en la Nueva Economía, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, 18-20 Mayo.
[PORTER, 1980]
M. PORTER.
Competitive Strategy, Free Press, (1980),
[PORTER, 1983]
M. PORTER.
“The Technological Dimension of Competitive Strategy”.
pp. 1-33
[PROBST et al., 2002]
G. PROBST, S. RAUB, K. ROMHARDT.
Managing Knowledge. Building Blocks for Success, Wiley, (2002),
[QUINN et al., 1996]
J.B. QUINN, P. ANDERSON, S. FINKELSTEIN.
“La Gestión del Intelecto Profesional: Sacar el Máximo de los Mejores”.
Harvard Deusto Business Review, 75 (1996), pp. 4-17
[REYCHAV and WEISBERG, 2009]
I. REYCHAV, J. WEISBERG.
“Good for Workers, Good for Companies: How Knowledge Sharing Benefits Individual Employees”.
Knowledge and Management Process, 16 (2009), pp. 186-197
[SCHULZ and JOBE, 2001]
M. SCHULZ, L.A. JOBE.
“Codification and Tacitness as Knowledge Management Strategies. An Empirical Exploration”.
Journal of High Technology Management Research, 12 (2001), pp. 139-165
[SMITH et al., 2005]
K.G. SMITH, C.J. COLLINS, K.D. CLARK.
“Existing Knowledge, Knowledge Creation Capability, and the Rate of New Product Introduction in High-Technology Firms”.
Academy of Management Journal, 48 (2005), pp. 346-357
[TEECE, 1998]
D.J. TEECE.
“Research Directions for Knowledge Management”.
California Management Review, 40 (1998), pp. 289-292
[TEECE et al., 1997]
D.J. TEECE, G. PISANO, A. SHUEN.
“Dynamic capabilities and Strategic Management”.
Strategic Management Journal, 18 (1997), pp. 509-533
[UN and CUERVO-CAZURRA, 2004]
C.A. UN, A. CUERVO-CAZURRA.
“Strategies for Knowledge Creation in Firms”.
British Journal of Management, 15 (2004), pp. 27-41
[ZACK, 1999]
M. ZACK.
“Developing a Knowledge Strategy”.
California Management Review, 41 (1999), pp. 125-145
[ZAHRA, 1996]
S.A. ZAHRA.
“Technology Strategy and Financial Performance: Examining the Moderating Role of the Firm's Competitive Environment”.
Journal of Business Venturing, 11 (1996), pp. 189-219
[ZAHRA and BOGNER, 1999]
S.A. ZAHRA, W.C. BOGNER.
“Technology Strategy and Software new Venture's Performance: Exploring the Moderating Effect of the Competitive Environment”.
Journal of Business Venturing, 15 (1999), pp. 135-173
[ZAHRA and COVIN, 1993]
S.A. ZAHRA, J.G. COVIN.
“Business Strategy, Technology Policy and Firm Performance”.
Strategic Management Journal, 16 (1993), pp. 451-478
[ZAHRA and COVIN, 1994]
S.A. ZAHRA, J.G. COVIN.
“Domestic and International Competitive Focus, Technology Strategy and Company Performance: An Empirical Analysis”.
Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 6 (1994), pp. 39-53
[ZAHRA and GEORGE, 2002]
S.A. ZAHRA, G. GEORGE.
“Absorptive Capacity: A Review, Reconceptualization and Extension”.
Academy of Management Review, 27 (2002), pp. 185-203
[ZHANG et al., 2009]
J. ZHANG, A. DI BENEDETTO, S. HOENING.
“Product Development Strategy, Product Innovation Performance, and the Mediating Role of Knowledge Utilization: Evidence of Subsidiaries in China”.
Journal of International Marketing, 17 (2009), pp. 42-58
Copyright © 2010. Academia Europea de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa
