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Inicio Medicina Clínica Diarrea asociada a Clostridium difficile: experiencia en un hospital secundario
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Vol. 121. Issue 9.
Pages 331-333 (January 2003)
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Vol. 121. Issue 9.
Pages 331-333 (January 2003)
Original breve
Diarrea asociada a Clostridium difficile: experiencia en un hospital secundario
Clostridium difficile: experience at a secondary hospital
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Ana M. de Isusia, Elvira Gonzáleza, Pilar Gayosob,
Corresponding author
pgayoso@cristalp.es

Correspondencia: Dra. P. Gayoso Diz. Unidad de Investigación y Epidemiología Clínica. Ramón Puga, 52-54. 32005 Ourense. España.
, Juan Gastelu-Iturrib, Luis Barbeitoc, Ricardo Fernándeza
a Servicio Medicina Interna Hospital Cristal. Ourense
b Unidad de Investigación y Epidemiología Clínica de Ourense. Complexo Hospitalario de Ourense. Ourense
c Servicio de Microbiología. Complexo Hospitalario de Ourense. Ourense. España
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Fundamento y objetivo

El objetivo de esteestudio fue conocer la incidencia, las característicasclínicas, la evolución y la mortalidadde la diarrea hospitalaria asociada aClostridium difficile.

Pacientes y método

Estudio retrospectivo,realizado entre 1999 y 2001, de 113 casosde diarrea por C. difficile, determinadosmediante toxina positiva en heces o colonoscopiadiagnóstica de colitis seudomembranosa,una vez descartadas otras causas.

Resultados

Se ha observado una incidenciaanual creciente (1,3-1,7-2,6 por cada1.000 ingresos en los años 1999, 2000 y2001, respectivamente). La hiponatremia(OR = 5,16) y los vómitos (OR = 3,09) fueronfactores de mal pronóstico. El riesgo defallecimiento aumentó con la presencia dehiponatremia (OR = 2,72) e insuficienciarenal crónica (OR = 4,45).

Conclusiones

La enfermedad asociada aC. difficile está aumentando en incidenciaen nuestro centro por un aumento de sospecha,amplio uso de antibióticos, edad avanzaday gravedad de los pacientes hospitalizados.La hiponatremia podría ser unpredictor de gravedad y mala evolución.

Palabras clave:
Clostridium difficile
Colitis seudomembranosa
Hiponatremia
Background and objective

Our purpose wasto know the incidence, clinical profile, evolutionand mortality of Clostridium difficileassociateddiarrhea.

Patients And Method

Retrospective study.Inpatients were included who had a positivetoxin on stools or a diagnostic colonoscopy(pseudomembranous cholitis) after rulingout other causes (n = 113).

Results

We observed a growing annual incidence(1.05, 1.7, and 2.6 per 1000 admissionsin 1999, 2000 and 2001, respectively).Hyponatremia (OR = 5.16) andvomiting (OR = 3.09) were found to be worse-prognosis factors. Hyponatremia (OR =2.72) and chronic renal disease (OR =4.45) increased the mortality risk.

Conclusions

The incidence of C. difficileassociateddiarrea is growing, probably inrelation to increased clinical suspicion,wide antibiotics utilization, and old age ofinpatients. Hyponatremia could be a predictivefactor of both illnes and worse-prognosis.

Key words:
Clostridium difficile
Pseudomembranous colitis
Hyponatremia

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