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Inicio Medicina Clínica Seguridad y tolerancia de los agonistas del receptor GLP-1
Journal Information
Vol. 143. Issue S2.
Agonistas del receptor del GLP-1
Pages 35-40 (September 2014)
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Vol. 143. Issue S2.
Agonistas del receptor del GLP-1
Pages 35-40 (September 2014)
Seguridad y tolerancia de los agonistas del receptor GLP-1
Safety and tolerability of GLP-1 receptor agonists
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Berta Soldevila, Manel Puig-Domingo
Corresponding author
mpuigd@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital e Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Campus de can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona, España
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Resumen

Los agonistas del receptor del péptido similar al glucagón-1 (arGLP-1) son un nuevo grupo farmacológico con acciones hipoglucemiantes por su efecto incretínico. El receptor del péptido similar al glucagón tipo-1 (GLP-1) se expresa en diferentes tejidos humanos. Este hecho podría estar relacionado con los efectos pleiotrópicos del GLP-1 humano, así como con los efectos secundarios descritos en pacientes tratados con arGLP-1. El riesgo de hipoglucemias es bajo y éste es uno de los puntos más relevantes en la seguridad de esta familia de compuestos e importante para los pacientes con diabetes. El efecto adverso más frecuente son las náuseas, que se presentan de forma habitualmente transitoria al inicio del tratamiento en un 20–60% de los casos. Se revisará también la información disponible en relación con la formación de anticuerpos, los efectos potenciales sobre el tiroides y su discutida asociación con pancreatitis y cáncer.

Palabras clave:
Anticuerpos
Cáncer
Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal
GLP-1
Hipoglucemia
Pancreatitis
Reacciones locales
Seguridad
Tiroides
Tolerancia
Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1ra) are a new group of drugs with a glucose-lowering action due to their incretin effect. The GLP-1 receptor is expressed in various human tissues, which could be related to the pleiotropic effects of human GLP-1, as well as to the adverse effects described in patients treated with GLP-1ra. The risk of hypoglycaemia is low, which is one of the main considerations in the safety of this family of compounds and is also important to patients with diabetes. The most frequent adverse effect is nausea, which usually occurs at the start of treatment and is transient in 20–60% of affected patients. This article also reviews the information available on antibody formation, the potential effect on the thyroid gland, and the controversial association between this group of drugs with pancreatitis and cancer.

Keywords:
Antibodies
Cancer
Cardiovascular
Gastrointestinal
GLP-1
Hypoglycemia
Pancreatitis
Local reactions
Safety
Thyroid gland
Tolerability

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