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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Associated factors with the occurrence of in-hospital cardiac arrest in patients...
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Vol. 162. Issue 12.
Pages 574-580 (June 2024)
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Vol. 162. Issue 12.
Pages 574-580 (June 2024)
Original article
Associated factors with the occurrence of in-hospital cardiac arrest in patients admitted to internal medicine wards for non-cardiovascular causes
Factores asociados a la ocurrencia de paro cardiaco intrahospitalario en pacientes ingresados en salas de medicina interna por causas no cardiovasculares
Raimundo Carmona-Puertaa,
Corresponding author
endotelio1975@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, José Luis Choque-Laurab, Elibet Chávez-Gonzálezc, Joel Peñaló-Batistad, Marielys del Carmen Martínez-Sáncheze, Elizabeth Lorenzo-Martíneze
a Universidad Católica del Cibao, La Vega, Dominican Republic
b Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Municipal Boliviano Holandés, Provincia Murillo, El Alto, Bolivia
c Servicio de Arritmología y Electrofisiología, Hospital Universitario Cardiocentro Ernesto Guevara, Santa Clara, Cuba
d Universidad Católica del Cibao (UCATECI), Centro de Medicina Familiar Especializada (CEMEFE), La Vega, Dominican Republic
e Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Cibao, La Vega, Dominican Republic
Article information
Abstract
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Figures (1)
Tables (3)
Table 1. General characteristics of all patients and between study groups.
Table 2. Comparison of electrocardiographic characteristics between the different study groups.
Table 3. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis assessing the relationship between multiple clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics with in-hospital cardiac arrest death.
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Abstract
Background and objective

In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) has a low survival rate, so it is essential to recognize the cases with the highest probability of developing it. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with the occurrence of IHCA.

Material and methods

A single-center case-control study was conducted including 65 patients admitted to internal medicine wards for non-cardiovascular causes who experienced IHCA, matched with 210 admitted controls who did not present with IHCA.

Results

The main reason for admission was pneumonia. The most prevalent comorbidity was arterial hypertension. Four characteristics were strongly and independently associated with IHCA presentation, these are electrical left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (OR = 13.8 95% IC: 4.7–40.7), atrial fibrillation (OR = 9.4 95% CI: 4.3–20.6), the use of drugs with known risk of Torsades de pointes (OR = 2.7 95% CI: 1.3–5.5) and the combination of the categories known risk plus conditional risk (OR = 17.1 95% CI: 6.7–50.1). The first two detected in the electrocardiogram taken at the time of admission.

Conclusion

In admitted patients for non-cardiovascular causes, the use of drugs with a known risk of Torsades de Pointes, as well as the detection of electrical LVH and atrial fibrillation in the initial electrocardiogram, is independently associated with a higher probability of suffering a IHCA.

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillation
In-hospital cardiac arrest
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Predictors
Torsades de pointes
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivos

El paro cardiaco intrahospitalario (PCIH) presenta una baja tasa de supervivencia por lo que es imprescindible reconocer los casos con más alta probabilidad de desarrollarlo. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar factores asociados a la ocurrencia de PCIH.

Materiales y métodos

Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles unicéntrico que incluyó 65 pacientes ingresados en salas de medicina interna por causas no cardiovasculares que sufrieron un PCIH, emparejados con 210 controles ingresados que no presentaron PCIH.

Resultados

El principal motivo de ingreso fue la neumonía. La comorbilidad más prevalente fue la hipertensión arterial. Cuatro características se asociaron de forma independiente con la manifestación de un PCIH, estas son, hipertrofia ventricular izquierda eléctrica (OR = 13,8 95% IC: 4,7–40,7), fibrilación auricular (OR = 9,4 95% IC: 4,3–20,6), el uso de fármacos con riesgo conocido Torsades de Pointes (OR = 2,7 95% IC: 1,3–5,5) y la combinación riesgo conocido más riesgo condicional (OR = 17,1 95% IC: 6,7–50,1). Las dos primeras detectadas en el electrocardiograma tomado al momento del ingreso.

Conclusiones

En pacientes ingresados por causas no cardiovasculares el uso de fármacos con potencial para producir Torsades de Pointes así como la detección de hipertrofia ventricular izquierda y de fibrilación auricular en el electrocardiograma inicial se asocia de forma independiente a una mayor probabilidad de sufrir un PCIH.

Palabras clave:
Fibrilación auricular
Hipertrofia ventricular izquierda
Paro cardiaco intrahospitalario
Predictores
Torsades de pointes

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