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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Campylobacter and Salmonella acute gastroenteritis: Epidemiology and health care...
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Vol. 145. Issue 7.
Pages 294-297 (October 2015)
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Vol. 145. Issue 7.
Pages 294-297 (October 2015)
Brief report
Campylobacter and Salmonella acute gastroenteritis: Epidemiology and health care utilization
Aspectos epidemiológicos y carga asistencial de gastroenteritis agudas por Campylobacter y Salmonella
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Maria Rosa Sala Farréa, Dimelza Osorio Sánchezb,c,
Corresponding author
dimelza@cochrane.es

Corresponding author.
, Cesar Arias Varelaa, Maria Simó Sanahujac, Assumpta Recasens Recasensa, Josefa Pérez Jovéd
a Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Vallés Occidental y Vallés Oriental, Agencia de Salud Pública de Cataluña, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
b Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
c Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Quito, Ecuador
d CATLAB, Parc Logístic de Salut, Viladecavalls, Barcelona, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Incidence and predominant strain by year and microorganism among the reported cases (n=2896).
Table 2. epidemiological features and burden of care depending on the microorganism and year of study among surveyed cases (n=565).
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Abstract
Background and objective

In Catalonia the current surveillance systems do not allow to know the true incidence or the health care utilization of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) caused by Campylobacter and Salmonella infections. The aim of this study is to analyze these characteristics.

Patients and methods

Descriptive study of Campylobacter and Salmonella infections reported in 2002 and 2012 in Catalonia, Spain. We included cases isolated and reported by the laboratory to a regional Surveillance Unit.

Results

The estimated incidence of Salmonella and Campylobacter AGE decreased by almost 50% and 20% respectively in 2012. Children between one and 4 years old were the most affected in both years. Significant differences in the clinical characteristics and disease duration were observed between Campylobacter and Salmonella. Visits to the Emergency Department and hospitalization rates were 63.7% and 15%, being more frequent among salmonellosis cases.

Conclusion

The estimated incidence of Campylobacter and Salmonella infections has decreased, however rates are still important, as well as it is the health care utilization in both diseases. Current surveillance systems need appropriateness improvements to reach a better control of these infections.

Keywords:
Foodborne diseases
Acute gastroenteritis
Campylobacter
Salmonella
Incidence
Epidemiology
Health care quality access, and evaluation/utilization
Appropriateness
Resumen
Fundamento y objetivo

En Cataluña, los sistemas de notificación y vigilancia no permiten conocer la incidencia real ni la carga asistencial de las gastroenteritis agudas (GEA) bacterianas de origen alimentario por Campylobacter y Salmonella, objeto de este estudio.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio descriptivo de los casos de GEA por Campylobacter y Salmonella en los años 2002 y 2012 en una región de Cataluña, España, identificados a partir de cultivos microbiológicos.

Resultados

La incidencia estimada de GEA por Salmonella se redujo un 50% en 2012, y la de Campylobacter, un 20%. Los niños entre 1-4 años fueron los más afectados en ambos períodos. Se observaron diferencias significativas según el microorganismo en la presentación clínica de algunos síntomas y en la duración de la enfermedad. Acudieron al Servicio de Urgencias el 63,7% de los casos, y un 15% requirieron hospitalización, siendo más frecuente entre los casos de salmonelosis.

Conclusión

La incidencia de GEA por Campylobacter y Salmonella se ha reducido, pero continúa siendo importante, como lo es la carga asistencial para ambas infecciones. El control de estas dolencias requiere una mayor adecuación de los actuales sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos
Gastroenteritis aguda
Campylobacter
Salmonella
Incidencia
Epidemiología
Utilización de servicios de salud
Adecuación

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