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Available online 14 November 2024
Differential features of Infective endocarditis caused by oral streptococci in the Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba (Spain): 1987–2023 period
Características diferenciales de la endocarditis infecciosa causada por estreptococos orales en el Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba (España): período de 1987–2023
Paula Anguita Gámeza,b, Juan C. Castillo Domíngueza,c, José López Aguileraa,c, Rafael González Manzanaresa,c, Manuel Pan Álvarez-Ossorioa,c, Manuel Anguita Sáncheza,c,
Corresponding author
manuelanguita@secardiologia.es

Corresponding author.
a UGC de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, IMIBIC, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
b Facultad de Salud, HM Hospitales, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain
c CIBER Cardiovascular, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Changes in the proportion of cases of infective endocarditis caused by different micro-organisms during 1987–1999 and 2000–2023.
Table 2. Comparison of baseline characteristics, complications, need for surgery and hospital mortality between infective endocarditis caused by oral streptococci and those caused by other microorganisms.
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives

Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by oral streptococci is considered to be a ‘more benign’ IE than those caused by other microorganisms. Our aim is to analyse the changes in its incidence and its differential characteristics in our setting.

Methods

Observational, single-centre, prospective cohort study including all cases of IE diagnosed in our centre between 1987 and 2023. IE caused by oral streptococci were identified and their characteristicsand mortality were compared with those of other IE.

Results

Of 569 cases of IE, 104 (18.5%) were oral streptococcal IE, decreasing from 29.5% in 1987−1999 to 12.2% in 2000−2023 (p < 0.001). The incidence of serious complications was lower in oral IE (65.3 vs. 78.9%; p = 0.003), as was in-hospital mortality (14.4 vs. 29.9%; p = 0.001).

Conclusions

Oral streptococcal IE account for almost 20% of all cases of IE in our setting. They have a better prognostic clinical profile, with a lower incidence of severe complications, and their mortality is significantly lower than that of other IE. Their incidence seems to be decreasing in recent years.

Keywords:
Infective endocarditis
Oral streptococci
Prognosis
Incidence
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivos

La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) causada por estreptococos orales es considerada como una EI “más benigna” que las causadas por otros microorganismos. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los cambios en su incidencia y sus características diferenciales en nuestro medio.

Métodos

Estudio observacional, unicéntrico, retrospectivo, de cohortes, que incluye todas EI diagnosticadas en nuestro centro entre 1987 y 2023, identificándose las EI producidas por estreptococos orales y comparándose sus características con las del resto de EI.

Resultados

De los 569 casos de EI, 104 (18,5%) fueron causados por estreptococos orales, reduciéndose su proporción desde el 29,5% en 1987−1999 al 12,2% en 2000−2023 (p < 0,001). La incidencia de complicaciones graves fue menor en las EI orales (65,3 frente a 78,9%; p = 0,003), al igual que la mortalidad hospitalaria (14,4 vs 29,9%; p = 0,001).

Conclusiones

Las EI por estreptococos orales representan casi el 20% de todas las EI en nuestro medio. Tienen un perfil clínico de mejor pronóstico, con menor incidencia de complicaciones graves, y su mortalidad es significativamente inferior a las del resto de EI. Su incidencia parece estar disminuyendo en los últimos años.

Palabras clave:
Endocarditis infecciosa
Estreptococos orales
Pronóstico
Incidencia

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