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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Epidemiological situation of post-pandemic sexually transmitted infections in Ca...
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Vol. 161. Issue 3.
Pages 95-100 (August 2023)
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Vol. 161. Issue 3.
Pages 95-100 (August 2023)
Original article
Epidemiological situation of post-pandemic sexually transmitted infections in Catalonia, Spain
Situación epidemiológica de las infecciones de transmisión sexual pospandemia en Cataluña, España
Evelin López Corbetoa,b,
Corresponding author
elcorbeto@iconologia.net

Corresponding author.
, Rossie Lugo Colóna,b, Marcos Montoro Fernándeza, Jordi Casabona Barbaraa,b,c, on behalf of the STI group of the epidemiological surveillance commission of Catalonia d,
a Centro de estudios Epidemiológicos sobre las ITS y Sida de Cataluña (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain
b CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
c Departament de Pediatria, d’Obstetrícia, Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva i Salut Pública, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
d Serveis de Vigilància Epidemiològica i Resposta a Emergències de Salut Pública Territorials (SVE), Subdirecció general de Vigilància i Resposta a Emergències de Salut Pública y Subdirecció general d’Addiccions, VIH, Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Hepatitis Víriques, Barcelona, Spain
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Statistics
Figures (2)
Tables (2)
Table 1. Number of cases and incidence rate per 100,000 population for the 4 sexually transmitted infections between 2018–2021.
Table 2. Percentage of reported cases by demographic characteristics and sexual orientation during pre-pandemic and pandemic period.
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Abstract
Background

The growing trend of STIs in recent years was altered after the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Objectives

Describe the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on STI declarations received during the pre-pandemic to pandemic period and estimate the number of STI cases expected for the pandemic period.

Material and methods

Descriptive analysis of STI declarations received during the pre-pandemic (2018−2019) and pandemic (2020−2021) periods. The influence of the number of positive cases of SARS-CoV-2 with the number of positive cases of STIs during the months of the pandemic was studied using a correlation model. Using the Holt-Wilson time series model, an estimate was made of the number of STI cases expected for the pandemic period.

Results

The global incidence rate for all STIs in 2020 decreased by 18.3% compared to 2019. Chlamydia and syphilis presented a greater reduction in their incidence from 2019 to 2020 of 22.7% and 20.9%, respectively and 9.5% and 2.5% for gonorrhea and LGV. Estimates showed that in 2020 there would have been 44.6% more STIs than those declared. The proportions according to sex, country of birth and sexual orientation changed significantly in chlamydia and gonorrhea.

Conclusions

The measures adopted for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections were able to achieve an initial decrease in STI cases in 2020, however, this change was not maintained during 2021, which ended with higher incidences recorded to date.

Keywords:
Sexual transmission infections
SARS-CoV-2
Trend
Spain
Resumen
Antecedentes

La creciente tendencia de las ITS de los últimos años se vio alterada tras la irrupción de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2.

Objetivos

Describir el impacto de la pandemia SARS-CoV-2 en las declaraciones de ITS recibidas durante el período pre-pandémico al pandémico y estimar el número de casos de ITS esperados para el período pandémico.

Material y métodos

Análisis descriptivo de las declaraciones de ITS recibidas durante el período pre-pandémico (2018−2019) y pandémico (2020−2021). Se estudió mediante un modelo de correlación la influencia del número de casos positivos de SARS-CoV-2 con el número de casos positivos de ITS durante los meses de pandemia. Mediante el modelo de series temporales Holt-Wilson se realizó una estimación del número de casos de ITS esperados para el período pandémico.

Resultados

La tasa de incidencia global para todas las ITS en 2020 descendió un 18,3% respecto al 2019. Clamidia y sífilis presentaron una reducción superior en su incidencia del 2019 al 2020 del 22,7% y 20,9%, respectivamente y del 9,5% y 2,5% para gonococia y LGV. Las estimaciones mostraron que en 2020 se hubieran producido un 44,6% más de ITS que las declaradas. Las proporciones según sexo, país de nacimiento y orientación sexual cambiaron significativamente en clamidia y gonococia.

Conclusiones

Las medidas adoptadas para la prevención de contagios por SARS-CoV-2 pudieron conseguir un descenso inicial de los casos de ITS en 2020, sin embargo, este cambio no se mantuvo durante el 2021 que acabó con incidencias más elevadas recogidas hasta la fecha.

Palabras clave:
Infecciones de transmisión sexual
SARS-CoV-2
Tendencia
España

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