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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Hidradenitis suppurativa
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Vol. 162. Issue 4.
Pages 182-189 (February 2024)
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Vol. 162. Issue 4.
Pages 182-189 (February 2024)
Review
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Hidradenitis supurativa
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3
Marcos A. González-Lópeza,b,c,d
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
b Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
c Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Cantabria, Spain
d Real Academia de Medicina de Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
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Table 1. Key scores for determining the severity of hidradenitis suppurativa.
Table 2. Main comorbidities associated with hidradenitis suppurativa.
Table 3. Criteria to be met for the diagnosis of hidradenitis suppurativa.a
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Abstract

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic and debilitating inflammatory disease derived from the pilosebaceous unit, that affects approximately 1% of the general population. Clinically, It is characterized by inflammatory nodules, abscesses, and tunnels in the intertriginous areas of the body, especially in the axillary, inguinal, and anogenital regions. The etiopathogenesis of HS is not completely understood, although it is considered to be multifactorial, and the result of a complex interaction between genetic, hormonal, environmental, and immunological factors. In this sense, several proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-L-1β, and IL-17, among others, appear to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Currently, HS is recognized as a systemic disease associated with numerous comorbidities, including cardiovascular, immune-mediated, and endocrine-metabolic diseases. The treatment of HS must be carried out with an individualized and patient-oriented approach, considering medical and surgical treatment modalities.

Keywords:
Hidradenitis suppurativa
Acne inversa
Immune-mediated diseases
Chronic inflammation
Comorbidities
Resumen

La hidradenitis supurativa (HS) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica y recurrente derivada de la unidad pilosebácea, que afecta aproximadamente al 1% de la población general. Se caracteriza clínicamente por nódulos inflamatorios, abscesos y túneles en las áreas intertriginosas del cuerpo, especialmente en las regiones axilar, inguinal y anogenital. La etiopatogenia de la HS no está totalmente aclarada, aunque se considera que es multifactorial, y resultado de una compleja interacción entre factores genéticos, hormonales, ambientales e inmunológicos. En este sentido, determinadas citocinas proinflamatorias, como el factor de necrosis tumoral-alfa (TNF-α), la interleucina (IL)-1β y la IL-17, entre otras, parecen desempeñar un papel fundamental en la patogénesis de la enfermedad. Actualmente, la HS es considerada una enfermedad inflamatoria sistémica asociada con numerosas comorbilidades, incluyendo enfermedades cardiovasculares, inmunomediadas, y trastornos endocrino-metabolicos. El tratamiento de la HS debe realizarse con un enfoque individualizado y orientado al paciente, considerando modalidades de tratamiento médico y quirúrgico.

Palabras clave:
Hidradenitis supurativa
Acné inverso
Enfermedades inmunomediadas
Inflamación crónica
Comorbilidades

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