Incidence of COVID-19 in patients under chronic treatment with hydroxychloroquine

Tejada Cifuentes, Francisco; Lloret Callejo, Ángeles; Tirado Peláez, María José; Rubio Pulido, Olga; Ruiz-Morote Aragón, Marta; Fernández Urrusuno, Rocío; Muñoz Carreras, María Isabel; Méndez Esteban, María Isabel; Maestre Sánchez, Victoria; García Bonilla, Antonio; Paredero Dominguez, José Manuel; Arroyo Pineda, Virginia; Marco Tejón, Esther; Romero Candel, Gregorio; Fernández Marchante, Ana Isabel; Marco del Rio, José; Ortiz Martín, Teresa; López Sánchez, Piedad

doi:10.1016/j.medcle.2020.10.012

ISSN: 2387-0206

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Vol. 156. Issue 4.

Pages 166-171 (February 2021)

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Vol. 156. Issue 4.

Pages 166-171 (February 2021)

Original article

DOI: 10.1016/j.medcle.2020.10.012

Incidence of COVID-19 in patients under chronic treatment with hydroxychloroquine

Incidencia de la COVID-19 en pacientes en tratamiento crónico con hidroxicloroquina

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Francisco Tejada Cifuentesa,

Corresponding author

ftejada@sescam.jccm.es

Corresponding author.

, Ángeles Lloret Callejoa, María José Tirado Peláeza, Olga Rubio Pulidob, Marta Ruiz-Morote Aragónc, Rocío Fernández Urrusunod, María Isabel Muñoz Carrerase, María Isabel Méndez Estebanf, Victoria Maestre Sánchezg, Antonio García Bonillah, José Manuel Paredero Dominguezi, Virginia Arroyo Pinedaj, Esther Marco Tejónk, Gregorio Romero Candell, Ana Isabel Fernández Marchantem, José Marco del Rion, Teresa Ortiz Martíno, Piedad López Sánchezp

a Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Albacete, Albacete, Spain

b Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Toledo, Toledo, Spain

c Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Puertollano, Puertollan, Spain

d Distrito Sanitario Aljarafe, Sevilla, Spain

e Gerencia de Atención Integrada, Alcázar de San Juan, Alcázar de San Juan, Spain

f Área de Gestión Sanitaria Campo de Gibraltar, Cádiz, Spain

g Distrito Sanitario Condado Campiña, Huelva, Spain

h Área de Gestión Sanitaria Jerez, Costa Noroeste y Sierra de Cádiz, Jerez, Spain

i Gerencia de Atención Integrada, de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain

j Gerencia de Atención Integrada Talavera de la Reina, Talavera de la Reina, Spain

k Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Cuenca, Cuenca, Spain

l Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Hellín, Hellín, Spain

m Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Villarrobledo, Villarrobledo, Spain

n Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Almansa, Almansa, Spain

o Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Valdepeñas, Valdepeñas, Spain

p Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Tomelloso, Tomelloso, Spain

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Tables (5)

Table 1. Number of patients according to health areas.

Table 2. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the study population.

Table 3. Dosage of hydroxychloroquine according to indications.

Table 4. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients.

Table 5. Number of COVID-19 patients according to health areas and health districts.

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Abstract

Objective

To analyze the incidence of Covid-19 in patients who are chronic users of hydroxychloroquine.

Patients and methods

Cross-sectional retrospective observational multicenter study in health areas and districts from Castilla La-Mancha and Andalucia. Of the 4451 participants included in the first recruitment, 3817 with valid data were selected. The main variable of the study is the presence or absence of Covid-19 infection by clinical, serological or polymerase chain reaction diagnosis. Sociodemographic and clinical variables and treatment and concomitant comorbidities were recorded.

Results

169 (4,45%) patients had Covid-19 infection, of which 12 (7.1 %) died and 32 (18.9%) required hospital admission. Previous respiratory pathology was related to Covid-19 infection (P < .05). Maculopathy appears in 5.3% of patients and is significantly related to the dose of hydroxychloroquine consumed (P < .05).

Conclusion

There is no relationship between chronic use of hydroxychloroquine and the incidence of Covid-19.

Keywords:

COVID-19

Coronavirus

Incidence

Hydroxychloroquine

Treatment

Resumen

Objetivo

Analizar la incidencia de la enfermedad del coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) en pacientes consumidores crónicos de hidroxicloroquina.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio multicéntrico observacional retrospectivo transversal en Áreas de Salud de Castilla La-Mancha y distritos sanitarios de Andalucía. De los 4.451 participantes incluidos en el primer reclutamiento se seleccionaron 3.817 sujetos con datos válidos. La variable principal del estudio ha sido la presencia o ausencia de infección por la COVID-19 por diagnóstico clínico, serológico o por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y tratamientos y comorbilidades concomitantes.

Resultados

Ciento sesenta y nueve (4,45%) pacientes presentaron infección por la COVID-19, de los cuales fallecieron 12 (7,1%) y 32 (18,9%) requirieron ingreso hospitalario. La enfermedad respiratoria previa se relacionó con la infección por la COVID-19 (p < 0,05). La maculopatía aparece en un 5,3% de los pacientes y está relacionada significativamente con la dosis de hidroxicloroquina consumida (p < 0,05).

Conclusión

No existe relación entre consumo crónico de hidroxicloroquina e incidencia de la COVID-19.

Palabras clave:

COVID-19

Coronavirus

Incidencia

Hidroxicloroquina

Tratamiento

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