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Inicio Medicina de Familia. SEMERGEN Evidencias sobre el coste económico de los nuevos anticoagulantes
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Vol. 39. Issue S1.
Pages 30-35 (June 2013)
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Vol. 39. Issue S1.
Pages 30-35 (June 2013)
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Evidencias sobre el coste económico de los nuevos anticoagulantes
Evidence on the economic cost of the new anticoagulants
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M.A. Prieto-Díaz
Corresponding author
maprietodiaz@telefonica.net

Correo electrónico:.
Centro de Salud Vallobín-La Florida, Oviedo, España
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Resumen

Con la aprobación de los nuevos fármacos anticoagulantes, con un precio superior a los clásicos fármacos antivitamina K, se hace necesario realizar un análisis de costeefectividad de estos nuevos fármacos, especialmente en el contexto de crisis económica en que estamos inmersos.

Se hace una búsqueda en PubMed de los estudios publicados sobre coste-efectividad de los nuevos anticoagulantes. Todos los estudios mostrados utilizan una metodología común, un modelo de Markov que simula la historia natural de la enfermedad para distintas cohortes de pacientes en varios sistemas de salud, nuestro sistema público de salud español, así como de varios países de nuestro entorno. En este modelo se compara el coste-efectividad de los nuevos anticoagulantes con la warfarina.

Hemos encontrado, en la literatura médica reciente, varios estudios para cada uno de los nuevos anticoagulantes, donde se analizan los costes totales, directos e indirectos, los costes por número de episodios, los años de calidad de vida ajustados, los costes de seguimiento, la razón de coste-efectividad incremental. Desde el punto de vista de coste-efectividad, los resultados son favorables para estos fármacos en distintos escenarios frente a la práctica clínica habitual en estos sistemas de salud.

En estos modelos, los nuevos anticoagulantes se muestran como fármacos coste-efectivos frente a los clásicos antivitamina K, tanto de forma global como en algunos subgrupos. Corresponde a nuestras autoridades sanitarias establecer grupos de pacientes prioritarios para estos nuevos anticoagulantes y establecer un uso racional de éstos dentro del Sistema Nacional de Salud.

Palabras clave:
Coste-efectividad
Nuevos anticoagulantes
Warfarina
Abstract

With the adoption of new anticoagulant drugs, with a higher price than the classical drugs antivitamina K, it's necessary to perform an analysis of cost-effectiveness of these new drugs, especially in the context of economic crisis in which we are immersed.

We have performed a a search on PubMed of the published studies on cost-effectiveness of new anticoagulants. All the listed studies used a common methodology, a Markov model that simulates the natural history of the disease for different cohorts of patients in various health systems, our public health system in Spanish, as well as several neighbouring countries. This model compares the cost-effectiveness of the new anticoagulants with warfarin.

We have found recent medical literature studies for each one of new anticoagulants, where total, direct and indirect costs, costs per number of events, quality of life years adjusted, follow-up costs, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were analized. The results about cost-effectiveness are favourable for these new drugs in different scenarios in comparison with the common practice in these public systems of health.

In these models, the new anticoagulants are shown as drugs cost-effective against the drugs antivitamina K globally and in some subgroups. It corresponds to our health authorities to establish groups of priority patients for these new anticoagulants and a rational use of them within the national health system.

Keywords:
Cost effectiveness
New anticoagulants
Warfarin
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Copyright © 2013. Elsevier España, S.L. y Sociedad Española de Medicina Rural y Generalista (SEMERGEN)
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