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Vol. 26. Issue 6.
Pages 343-350 (January 2011)
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Vol. 26. Issue 6.
Pages 343-350 (January 2011)
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Movement disorders identified in patients with intracranial tuberculomas
Movimientos anormales identificados en pacientes con tuberculomas intracraneales
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F. Alarcóna,
Corresponding author
, J.C. Maldonadob, J.W. Riveraa
a Departamento de Neurología Clínica, Hospital Eugenio Espejo, Quito, Ecuador
b Centro de Biomedicina, Universidad Central de Ecuador, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
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Abstract
Introduction

Movement disorders have been associated with deep brain lesions. This study was performed to describe the frequency and characteristics of movement disorders in patients with intracranial tuberculomas.

Methods

Patients admitted consecutively between 1989 and 2004 to the Neurology Service of Eugenio Espejo Hospital (Quito, Ecuador), with a diagnosis of intracranial tuberculomas. All patients were examined clinically, and laboratory tests and imaging studies performed. Follow-up continued up to one year after the tuberculosis treatment was completed. A nested case-control analysis was performed to compare clinical characteristics, number and location of tuberculomas, between cases with movement disorders and controls.

Results

Forty-nine patients with tuberculomas (31.7±20.5 years; males 53.1%) were studied. We found 16 cases (32.6%; 95%CI=19.9% − 47.5%) of movement disorders: chorea (n=7; 43.8%), tremor (n=5; 31.3%), dystonia (n=3; 18.8%) and myoclonus (n=1; 6.3%). Most cases (87.6%) developed early (10.4±5.2 days of hospitalization). On admission, patients with movement disorders showed higher severity of the illness than controls (68.7 vs. 30.3%; p=.01), along with greater motor impairment (75.0 vs. 39.4%; p=.01) and sensitivity impairment (43.8 vs. 9.1%; p=.01). The cases showed higher frequency of multiple tuberculomas (68.7 vs. 36.4%), with deep brain deep (31.3 vs. 21.2%) and more severe motor impairment (25.0 vs. 12.1%).

Conclusions

Our results suggest a causal relationship between tuberculomas and movement disorders. Deep location and multiple tuberculomas may increase the risk of develop movement disorders.

Keywords:
Intracranial tuberculomas
Movement disorders
Pathogenesis
Central nervous system diseases
Resumen
Introducción

Los movimientos involuntarios anormales (MIA) se han asociado con lesiones en estructuras profundas del cerebro. El objetivo del estudio fue describir la frecuencia y características de MIA en pacientes con tuberculomas intracraneales.

Métodos

Se incluyeron los pacientes ingresados consecutivamente en el Servicio de Neurología del Hospital Eugenio Espejo (Quito-Ecuador) entre 1989 y 2004 con diagnóstico de tuberculomas intracraneales. Todos los pacientes fueron examinados clínicamente, se realizaron exámenes de laboratorio y estudios de imagen. El período de seguimiento se prolongó hasta un año después del tratamiento antituberculoso. Dentro de la cohorte se diferenció dos grupos: casos incidentes con MIA y controles. Se compararon las características clínicas, número y localización de los tuberculomas.

Resultados

Se estudiaron 49 pacientes (edad media 31,7±20,5 años; sexo masculino 53,1%). Hubo 16 casos incidentes (32,6%; IC95%=19,9% – 47,5%) de MIA: corea (n=7; 43,8%), temblor (n=5; 31,3%), distonía (n=3; 18,8%) y mioclonías (n=1; 6,3%). La mayoría de casos (87,6%) se desarrollaron tempranamente (10,4±5,2 días de hospitalización). Al ingreso los pacientes con MIA mostraron mayor severidad de la enfermedad que los controles (68,7 vs. 30,3%; p=0,01), tuvieron mayor déficit motor (75,% vs. 39,4%; p=0,01) y sensitivo (43,8 vs. 9.1%; p=0,01). En los casos fueron más frecuentes los tuberculomas múltiples (68,7 vs. 364%), la localización supratentorial profunda (31,3 vs. 21,2%) y las secuelas motoras (25,0 vs. 12.1%).

Conclusiones

Los resultados sugieren una relación causal entre tuberculomas y MIA. La localización profunda y la presencia de tuberculomas múltiples incrementarían el riesgo para desarrollar MIA.

Palabras clave:
Tuberculomas intracraneales
Trastornos del movimiento
Patogénesis
Enfermedades del sistema nervioso central
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Neurología
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