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Inicio Radiología (English Edition) Esophageal tumors: The keys to diagnosis by pneumo-computed tomography
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Vol. 65. Issue 6.
Pages 546-553 (November - December 2023)
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Vol. 65. Issue 6.
Pages 546-553 (November - December 2023)
Radiology through images
Esophageal tumors: The keys to diagnosis by pneumo-computed tomography
Patología tumoral esofágica: claves diagnósticas mediante neumo-tomografía computarizada (Neumo-TC)
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F. Concaa,
Corresponding author
, N. Rossoa, R. López Grovea, L. Savluka, J.P. Santinob, M. Ullaa
a Servicio de Diagnóstico por Imágenes, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
b Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Table 1. Summary of the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods of evaluating the oesophagus.
Abstract
Objective

To review and describe the most characteristic radiological findings of the most frequent esophageal tumor lesions, with emphasis on the esophago-gastric distention technique pneumo-computed tomography performed in our institution. To know the main advantage of this distension technique.

Conclusion

Malignant tumor lesions (predominantly squamous cell carcinoma in the mid esophagus and adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus) present as asymmetric wall thickening, mucosal irregularity, or mass extending into adjacent organs with lymph node involvement. Benign tumors (mainly leiomyoma being the most frequent and others such as lipoma) present as endoluminal growth, with defined borders and homogeneous attenuation. Post-contrast enhancement is scarce or moderate. The technique of computed tomography pneumotomography technique achieves an additional distension of the esophageal lumen in all cases. It allows delimiting the superior and inferior borders of the lesions, helping the surgeon to define the therapeutic strategy.

Keywords:
Esophagus
Esophageal diseases
Diagnostic imaging
Neoplasms
Resumen
Objetivo

Revisar y describir los hallazgos radiológicos característicos de las lesiones tumorales esofágicas más frecuentes estudiadas mediante la técnica de Neumo-TC realizada en nuestra institución. Conocer la ventaja principal de esta técnica de distensión.

Conclusión

Las lesiones tumorales malignas (predominantemente el carcinoma de células escamosas en esófago medio y el adenocarcinoma en esófago distal) se presentan como un engrosamiento asimétrico de la pared, irregularidad de la mucosa, o masa que se extiende hacia órganos adyacentes con compromiso ganglionar. Los tumores benignos (principalmente el leiomioma, tumor del estroma gastrointestinal y lipoma) se presentan en forma de crecimiento endoluminal, con bordes definidos y atenuación homogénea. El realce post-contraste es escaso o moderado. La técnica de Neumo-TC logra una distensión del lumen esofágico adicional en todos los casos. Esto permite delimitar los bordes superior e inferior de las lesiones ayudando al cirujano a definir la estrategia terapéutica.

Palabras clave:
Esófago
Enfermedades del esófago
Diagnóstico por imagen
Neoplasias

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