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array:24 [ "pii" => "S2173510717300538" "issn" => "21735107" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rxeng.2017.07.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-11-01" "aid" => "970" "copyright" => "SERAM" "copyrightAnyo" => "2017" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Radiologia. 2017;59:504-10" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0033833817300656" "issn" => "00338338" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rx.2017.04.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-11-01" "aid" => "970" "copyright" => "SERAM" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Radiologia. 2017;59:504-10" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1610 "formatos" => array:2 [ "HTML" => 398 "PDF" => 1212 ] ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Radiología en Imágenes</span>" "titulo" => "Utilidad de la resonancia magnética en la valoración postquirúrgica de pacientes con prótesis hidráulica de pene" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "504" "paginaFinal" => "510" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the postsurgical assessment of patients with inflatable penile prostheses" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figura 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 1382 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 137824 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Varón de 58 años de edad con dolor tras la colocación de una prótesis de pene. En las secuencias potenciadas en T2 se observa el mal posicionamiento del cilindro izquierdo (CI), cuya porción hinchable se encuentra migrada e insertada por fuera del cuerpo cavernoso izquierdo (cruz), complicación secundaria a una perforación de la túnica albugínea. Obsérvense la correcta posición y el centrado del cilindro derecho (CD) dentro del cuerpo cavernoso derecho (aspa). Tubos de silicona (flecha) a su paso por la bolsa escrotal.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Pacheco Usmayo, A. Torregrosa Andrés, J. Flores Méndez, S. Luján Marco, R. Rogel Bertó" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Pacheco Usmayo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Torregrosa Andrés" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Flores Méndez" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Luján Marco" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Rogel Bertó" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2173510717300538" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rxeng.2017.07.004" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173510717300538?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0033833817300656?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/00338338/0000005900000006/v1_201711120018/S0033833817300656/v1_201711120018/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2173510717300642" "issn" => "21735107" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rxeng.2017.10.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-11-01" "aid" => "995" "copyright" => "SERAM" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Radiologia. 2017;59:511-5" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1 "HTML" => 1 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Report</span>" "titulo" => "Characterization of invisible breast cancers in digital mammography and tomosynthesis: Radio-pathological correlation" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "511" "paginaFinal" => "515" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Caracterización de cánceres de mama sintomáticos invisibles en mamografía digital y tomosíntesis: correlación radiopatológica" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 801 "Ancho" => 1300 "Tamanyo" => 84246 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fifty (50) year old female with indurated area in the outer quadrants of her right breast. 2D digital mammogram of her breast in (a) craniocaudal and (b) lateral projections, of heterogeneous density without findings (BI-RADS 1).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "P.M. Aguilar Angulo, C. Romero Castellano, J. Ruiz Martín, M.P. Sánchez-Camacho González-Carrato, L.M. Cruz Hernández" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P.M." "apellidos" => "Aguilar Angulo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Romero Castellano" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Ruiz Martín" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.P." "apellidos" => "Sánchez-Camacho González-Carrato" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L.M." "apellidos" => "Cruz Hernández" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0033833817301352" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rx.2017.08.002" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0033833817301352?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173510717300642?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735107/0000005900000006/v1_201711202321/S2173510717300642/v1_201711202321/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2173510717300630" "issn" => "21735107" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rxeng.2017.07.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-11-01" "aid" => "991" "copyright" => "SERAM" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Radiologia. 2017;59:496-503" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3 "HTML" => 3 ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Update in Radiology</span>" "titulo" => "The clinical case: Validity, values and strategies to approach its writing" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "496" "paginaFinal" => "503" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "El caso clínico: vigencia, valores y estrategias para abordar su escritura" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J.M. Mellado, C.D. Packer" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Mellado" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C.D." "apellidos" => "Packer" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0033833817301133" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rx.2017.07.002" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0033833817301133?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173510717300630?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735107/0000005900000006/v1_201711202321/S2173510717300630/v1_201711202321/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:21 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Radiology through images</span>" "titulo" => "Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the postsurgical assessment of patients with inflatable penile prostheses" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "504" "paginaFinal" => "510" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Pacheco Usmayo, A. Torregrosa Andrés, J. Flores Méndez, S. Luján Marco, R. Rogel Bertó" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Pacheco Usmayo" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "pachecoriel.med@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Torregrosa Andrés" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Flores Méndez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Luján Marco" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Rogel Bertó" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Área de Imagen Médica, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Utilidad de la resonancia magnética en la valoración postquirúrgica de pacientes con prótesis hidráulica de pene" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0030" "etiqueta" => "Figure 6" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr6.jpeg" "Alto" => 1887 "Ancho" => 1417 "Tamanyo" => 164318 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fifty-eight-year-old male with persistent pain in the perineal region, and a history of penile prosthesis implantation. The T2-weighted sequences show left cylinder (LC) posterior extremity migration located outside the corpus cavernosum reaching out to the perineal fat (arrow).</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Erectile dysfunction is characterized by the “inability to achieve or maintain an erection for a satisfactory sexual life”.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Prevalence is high, around 20 per cent of male population between 25 and 70 years of age.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Management is usually gradual, starting by modifying the risk factors and then adding phosphodiesterasa-5 inhibitor drugs, vacuum devices, and intracavernose injections. The last step of clinical management is implanting a penile prosthesis, but it is reserved for cases where prior therapies have failed, or when there are reasonable contraindications for its administration.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> When it is necessary to implant a penile prosthesis in patients with erectile dysfunction, this becomes an effective alternative to therapy, above all, thanks to last-generation devices or three-compartment hydraulic prostheses highly satisfactory for patients and their spouses compared to other therapeutical alternatives.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Also, the evolution and perfection of the surgical technique, and the new and modern devices available today make this therapy an adequate therapeutical option for the management of erectile dysfunction.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The goal of our work is to describe the different types of penile prostheses that exist and their different components, review the acquisition protocol necessary for the performance of MRIs, describe what normal imaging findings look like, and eventually discuss all the possible complications that patients with penile hydraulic prostheses may experience.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Types of penile prostheses, and typography in the male pelvis</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There are basically two (2) types of penile prostheses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>:<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Semi-rigid prostheses: they may be flexible or malleable, and keep the penis in a permanent semi-erect state since it is never flaccid, or in complete erection.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hydraulic or inflatable prostheses: they may have two or three compartments, being the latter the most modern ones and most widely used today; this paper focuses on such prostheses (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>a).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></li></ul></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the functional level, three-compartment hydraulic prostheses are the most complex of all, which means that they are capable of simulating an erection as close as possible to physiology passing from a flaccid state to a rigid state while the patient is in total control.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Its architecture is based on two (2) inflatable cylinders that are filled up with fluid and then implanted inside the corpora cavernosa, pump, and reservoir located in the scrotum and the intra-abdominal prevesical space, respectively. The three compartments are communicated among each other through a system of silicone tubes (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>b).</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Postsurgical MRI assessment of patients with penile prostheses</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study of the possible postoperative complications after penile prosthesis placement in patients with erectile dysfunction, through physical examination or ultrasound, or both, has its own limitations,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> which are mainly complications associated with the cylinders.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> It is usually more convenient to see most anomalies through an MRI,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6–9</span></a> which happens to be today's imaging modality of choice for the study of these complications. MRIs provide images of excellent definition and contrast of soft tissues and parts of the device in the three planes of space (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>c),<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> without patient exposure to ionizing radiation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> When it comes to compatibility, there is no risk of damage to the implant, or lesion to the patient when conducting an MRI because today's manufacturers do not use any metallic components in these devices, and there are no other contraindications.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> In the past, there were implants with ferromagnetic parts with the corresponding risk of displacement, excessive transmission of heat, induction of electric current, and image artifacts due to the effects of the magnetic field.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> The MRI findings have a good correlation with surgically confirmed final diagnoses (95.8 per cent diagnostic sensitivity<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>).</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Protocol of magnetic resonance imaging</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Multicanal phased array antennas and high spatial resolution sequences are used, such as fast spin-echo sequences (FSE), and T2-weighted sequences, and in the three planes of space (axial, coronal, and sagittal),<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> with elevated sizes of the matrix, small fields of view, and thin cuts (3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm). This study was conducted in a first phase with the penis in anatomical position<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> lying flat on the abdomen in a flaccid state, while images in the three planes of space were acquired; in a second phase, the triplanar acquisition should be repeated while the penis remains in the erect state, and with an activated prosthesis, since a normal mistake we make is when we try to interpret the torsion of the cylinder when it is just folded due to the inactive state of the prosthesis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>). The study may be completed with a standard coronal abdominal-pelvic acquisition in T1 o T2-weighted imaging sequences for a general view of the abdomen.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">We should remember that</span>: the study should be conducted both while the penis remains at rest (inactive prosthesis) and while it remains in the erect state (active prosthesis) while using T2-weighted high-resolution sequences in the three planes of space.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Additional sequences may be added, such as T1-weighted sequences in order to assess hemorrhagic, or thrombotic vascular complications; or STIR sequences that are especially sensitive for the detection of swelling and fluid. The use of paramagnetic contrast is not mandatory, but it may be useful if we wish to assess abscesses, or infectious collections.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">We should remember that</span>: based on clinical suspicion, the following images may be added: T1-weighted sequences for the assessment of hemorrhagic, or thrombotic vascular complications; STIR sequences for the detection of swelling and fluid; or gadolinium contrast-enhanced sequences for the assessment of abscesses or collections.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Normal post-surgical findings</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is important to be able to understand what the normal anatomy of the penile prosthesis looks like in male pelvis after surgery (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>). The fluid-filled cylinders are inserted into the corpora cavernosa, and they are hyperintense in the T2-weighted images; the most posterior extremity of the cylinder is solid and has no fluid, and therefore, is hypointense in the T2-weighted images, and is placed like a pen cap while it reaches out to the cross section of the corpora cavernosa, and is used as an anchor, while the anterior extremity is projected toward the tip of the penis, and close to the glans. The fluid-filled reservoir is hyperintense in the T2-weighted images and is located in the prevesical space, and the pump is also hyperintense in the T2-weighted images and is located in the scrotal sac adjacent to the testes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Complications</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We may find three (3) different types of complications:<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0010"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Non-infectious complications related to the surgical technique:</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Intraoperative.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Postoperative.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Infectious complications.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0035"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Complications due to mechanical failure.</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Non-infectious complications associated with the surgical technique</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">They are basically due to the intrinsic difficulty of the technique, a reaction of the organism, or the experience of the surgical team. Based on the moment of presentation, non-infectious complications may be categorized into two (2) different categories:<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0015"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0040"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Intraoperative: some of these complications are urethral laceration, perforation of the tunica albuginea (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 4</a>), or perforation of the intracavernous septum (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Fig. 5</a>),<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> and lesions of abdominal organs while placing the reservoir in the hypogastrium. In general, these complications are detected and repaired in the same surgical act. They are not usually misdiagnosed, or diagnosed late.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0045"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Postoperative: the most common complications are the formation of hematomas, the migration of components that leads to an ectopic location (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0030">Figs. 4 and 6</a>), the invasion of a cylinder in the contralateral corpus cavernosum due to defects of the intracavernous septum (crossover) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Fig. 5</a>) and cylinder torsions (kinking) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0035">Fig. 7</a>). Another complication is the SST (supersonic transporter) deformity of the extremity distal edge where there is a total absence of contact, or lack of cylinder occupation in the corpus cavernosum distal extremity. Such a deformity is called “SST” deformity due to the morphology adopted by the penile glans and its similarity with the nose of supersonic airplane Concorde.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> Other complications that may arise are the aneurysmatic dilation of the cylinders due to the focal weakening of the tunica albuginea of the corpus cavernosum that makes cylinder protrusion run through it, and the fibrosis of the tunica albuginea, or the formation of a fibrous layer surrounding the reservoir that prevents its normal functioning and is seen as a layer of hypointense linear fibrosis in all the sequences. Lastly, the abrasion/erosion of tissues adjacent to the prosthetic components due to a direct mechanical effect due to excessive contact or size incongruity, is a complication they may look as hypointense areas in the T2-weighted images on the swollen areas, or as the presence of regional inflammatory fluid, although here we should remember that chronic inflammatory changes may lead to fibrotic areas with hyposignal in all the sequences.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0030"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0035"></elsevierMultimedia></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Infectious complications</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">They are the most feared complications and usually present within the first three (3) months after surgery<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>; they are rare one year after the implant. They usually occur due to contamination of the surgical field during surgery. The overall percentage of presentation is around 4 per cent,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> and it varies depending on the series, the presence of added risk factors (diabetes, or immunosuppression), or whether it is a primary implant or a re-implantation. The infection of the prosthesis is one of the complications that may be assessed effectively through the presence of symptoms such as fever, pain, and inflammation, which is why the use of imaging modalities may not be necessary to confirm it. When conducting an MRI, the findings are usually diverse based on the severity of the infection, from subtle fluid accumulation and rarefaction of surrounding tissues (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0040">Fig. 8</a>), to large collections or soft tissue gangrene. A great majority of infectious complications usually require a change of prosthesis, although in some cases this may be accomplished through conservative management.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0040"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Complications due to mechanical failure</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">They usually occur 12 moths after the surgery; with the use of modern prostheses, the risk of occurrence is less than 2 per cent after 5 years,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> but its incidence grows every year, being more common in three-compartment hydraulic prostheses due to their greater complexity. After 10 years, 88 per cent of modern prostheses remain functional,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> with variations depending on the model.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Among these complications, the most common ones are prosthetic fluid effusions (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0045">Fig. 9</a>), and pump failures. Other less common complications are disconnections of the silicone tube (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0050">Fig. 10</a>), and rupture of the pump, or the cylinders.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0045"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0050"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">We should remember that</span>: the postoperative complications after the implantation of a penile prosthesis may be non-infectious complications associated with the technique (the most common complications), infectious complications (the most feared and potentially serious ones), and complications due to mechanical failures (occurring late, almost one year after surgery).</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although the implantation of a penile prosthesis is considered a safe and effective way to manage erectile dysfunction, and has a high level of satisfaction among patients and their spouses,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> it should be considered an irreversible therapy with associated complications.</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conclusions</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The MRI is the most adequate imaging modality for the assessment and diagnosis of postoperative complications associated with penile prostheses. In a first phase, the study should include high-resolution spatial triplanar T2-weighted sequences with the prosthesis in the inactive position (penis at rest), and in a second phase, with the prosthesis in the active position (erect penis); also the imaging findings and the final diagnoses have a high degree of correlation.</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Authors’ contribution</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0020"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0050"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">1.</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Manager of the integrity of the study: APU, and ATA.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0055"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">2.</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Study idea: APU, ATA, and JFM.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0060"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">3.</span><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Study design: APU, ATA, JFM, SLM, and RRB.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0065"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">4.</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Data mining: SLM, and RRB.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0070"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">5.</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Data analysis and interpretation: APA, ATA, JFM, SLM, and RRB.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0075"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">6.</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Statistical analysis: N/A.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0080"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">7.</span><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Reference: APU, and ATA.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0085"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">8.</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Writing: APU, and ATA</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0090"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">9.</span><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Critical review of the manuscript with intellectually relevant remarks: APA, ATA, JFM, SLM, and RRB.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0095"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">10.</span><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Approval of final version: APU, ATA, JFM, SLM and RRB.</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that the procedures followed abide by the ethics and regulations of the Human Research Committee, the World Health Organization and the Declaration of Helsinki.</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have followed the protocols from their centers on the disclosure of data from patients.</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have obtained prior written informed consent from the aforementioned patients. This document belongs to the corresponding author.</p></span></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflict of interest associated with this article whatsoever.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:19 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres942184" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec915108" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres942185" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec915109" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Types of penile prostheses, and typography in the male pelvis" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Postsurgical MRI assessment of patients with penile prostheses" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Protocol of magnetic resonance imaging" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Normal post-surgical findings" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Complications" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Non-infectious complications associated with the surgical technique" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Infectious complications" ] 12 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Complications due to mechanical failure" ] 13 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 14 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Authors’ contribution" ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Ethical disclosures" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "Protection of human and animal subjects" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Confidentiality of data" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0075" "titulo" => "Right to privacy and informed consent" ] ] ] 16 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0080" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 17 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack318291" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" ] 18 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2016-11-14" "fechaAceptado" => "2017-04-05" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec915108" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "Penile prosthesis" 1 => "Erectile dysfunction" 2 => "Postoperative complications" 3 => "Postsurgical complications" 4 => "Magnetic resonance imaging" 5 => "Radiology" 6 => "Urology" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec915109" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "Prótesis de pene" 1 => "Disfunción eréctil" 2 => "Complicaciones postoperatorias" 3 => "Complicaciones posquirúrgicas" 4 => "Resonancia magnética" 5 => "Radiología" 6 => "Urología" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To describe the types of penile prostheses and their components, to review the appropriate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition protocol, and to describe the normal imaging findings and possible complications in patients with inflatable penile implants.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Three-piece inflatable penile prostheses are the last link in the treatment chain for erectile dysfunction. They can develop complications, which are classified as non-infectious related to the surgical technique, infectious, or due to mechanical failure of the device. MRI is the most appropriate imaging technique for the postsurgical evaluation of penile prostheses. Images are acquired in three planes using sequences with high spatial resolution, first with the prosthesis at rest and then with the prosthesis activated.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objective" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Describir los tipos de prótesis de pene y sus componentes, revisar el protocolo de adquisición adecuado en resonancia magnética (RM), describir los hallazgos de imagen normales y las posibles complicaciones en pacientes con prótesis hidráulica de pene.</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Conclusión</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las prótesis hidráulicas tricompartimentales de pene son el último eslabón en la cadena terapéutica de la disfunción eréctil. Pueden presentar complicaciones, que se clasifican en no infecciosas vinculadas a la técnica quirúrgica, infecciosas y por fallo mecánico del dispositivo. La RM es la técnica de imagen más adecuada en la evaluación postquirúrgica de las prótesis de pene. Se realiza con secuencias de alta resolución espacial con la prótesis en reposo y en los tres planos del espacio, y se repite la adquisición triplanar con la prótesis activada.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Objetivo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusión" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Pacheco Usmayo A, Torregrosa Andrés A, Flores Méndez J, Luján Marco S, Rogel Bertó R. Utilidad de la resonancia magnética en la valoración postquirúrgica de pacientes con prótesis hidráulica de pene. Radiología. 2017;59:504–510.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1086 "Ancho" => 2810 "Tamanyo" => 220658 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">(a) Three-compartment hydraulic prosthesis with two cylinders (C), one pump (P), and one reservor (R) interconnected by silicone tubes. (b) Scheme of the anatomic location of the prosthesis. The cylinders occupy the corpora caverosa, the pump occupies the scrotal sac, and the reservoir usually occupies the prevesical space. When the pump is activated, the system and the fluid stored in the reservoir fill up the cylinders providing penile volume and turgidity. (c) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a regular prosthesis acquired through T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) sequences with maximum intensity projection (MIP). Presence of fluid hyperintensity inside the three elements of the prosthesis and silicone tubes.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1749 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 124356 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sixty-seven-year-old male carrier of a penile prosthesis. The T2-weighted images show an inactive prosthesis in a flaccid state while the cylinders are taking angular shapes due to the lack of rigidity (arrow), which may be misinterpreted as cylinder kinking.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1863 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 182679 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Forty-two-year-old male carrier of a penile prosthesis. Normal findings after surgery. Cylinder (C) filled with fluid inserted inside the corpus cavernosum (arrow). Reservoir (R) located in front of the bladder (b). Pump (P) located in the scrotal sac adjacent to the testes (star). The system three compartments are interconnected by the silicone tubes (arrowhead). Pubis (p). Perineal fat (pf).</p>" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 1382 "Ancho" => 1667 "Tamanyo" => 137623 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fifty-eight-year-old male with pain after penile prosthesis placement. The T2-weighted sequences show poor positioning of left cylinder (LC), whose inflatable portion is migrated and inserted outside the left corpus cavernosum (cross) – complication due to perforation of the tunica albuginea. See the correct centered positioning of the right cylinder (RD) within the right corpus cavernosum (cross). Silicone tubes (arrow) passing through the scrotal sac.</p>" ] ] 4 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0025" "etiqueta" => "Figure 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr5.jpeg" "Alto" => 1652 "Ancho" => 1250 "Tamanyo" => 100729 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sixty-three-year-old male with a history of perforation of the intracavernous septum during surgery of prosthetic implantation presenting with persistent pain in his penis. The T2-weighted sequences show medialization of the left cylinder (LC) while passing through the midline, and with its distal edge in the left corpus cavernosum (arrow). The patient was diagnosed with left distal crossover.</p>" ] ] 5 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0030" "etiqueta" => "Figure 6" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr6.jpeg" "Alto" => 1887 "Ancho" => 1417 "Tamanyo" => 164318 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fifty-eight-year-old male with persistent pain in the perineal region, and a history of penile prosthesis implantation. The T2-weighted sequences show left cylinder (LC) posterior extremity migration located outside the corpus cavernosum reaching out to the perineal fat (arrow).</p>" ] ] 6 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0035" "etiqueta" => "Figure 7" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr7.jpeg" "Alto" => 1827 "Ancho" => 1479 "Tamanyo" => 126284 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Seventy-four-year-old male with pain and unsatisfactory erection after penile prosthesis placement. While the prosthesis remains activated, the T2-weighted sequences with fat saturation show evident angulation of the left cylinder (LC) in its proximal third due to cylinder kinking (arrow). Normal right cylinder (RC). See the asymmetry in the distal edge portion of both cylinders due to incomplete deployment of the left side.</p>" ] ] 7 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0040" "etiqueta" => "Figure 8" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr8.jpeg" "Alto" => 1772 "Ancho" => 1417 "Tamanyo" => 112966 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sixty-six-year-old male with pain and phlogosis at the base of his penis after penile prosthesis placement. The T2-weighted sequences show fluid (F) accumulation and slight fat rarefaction (arrow) close to the base of the penis. The patient was diagnosed with infection of the prosthesis.</p>" ] ] 8 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0045" "etiqueta" => "Figure 9" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr9.jpeg" "Alto" => 1494 "Ancho" => 1417 "Tamanyo" => 144665 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Thirty-eight-year-old male with poor implant functioning after penile prosthesis placement. The T2-weighted sequences show fluid free fluid adjacent to the reservoir (star) of anterior and lateral location to the bladder (V). The reservoir lumen is totally collapsed (arrow). The final diagnosis after surgery was poor functioning due to effusion of prosthetic fluid.</p>" ] ] 9 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0050" "etiqueta" => "Figure 10" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr10.jpeg" "Alto" => 1615 "Ancho" => 1651 "Tamanyo" => 150593 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sixty-two-year-old male re-intervened for malfunctioning prosthesis replacement. The T2-weighted sequences show the malfunctioning right old reservoir (OR) with disconnection of the silicone tube, and the implanted left new reservoir (NR) with normal connection of the silicone tube toward the inguinal canal (arrow). See the correctly placed cylinders (C), and the compression that both reservoirs exert on the bladder (b).</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:21 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0110" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "NIH Consensus Conference Impotence. 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