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Vol. 36. Issue 4.
Pages 202-207 (January 2002)
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Vol. 36. Issue 4.
Pages 202-207 (January 2002)
Prótesis total de rodilla. Estudio de los factores determinantes del alta hospitalaria en rehabilitación
Total knee prosthesis. study of the determining factors of hospital discharge in rehabilitation
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E. Pagès*,*, J. Iborra*, S. Rodríguez*, N. Jou*, A. Cuxart*
* I+D, Novartis. Sección Rehabilitación Osteoarticular. Servicio de Rehabilitación. Hospital Universitario de Traumatología y Rehabilitación. Vall d’Hebron Hospitals. Barcelona.
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Resumen
Introducción

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar qué factores son determinantes del alta hospitalaria en la rehabilitación de los pacientes intervenidos de prótesis total de rodilla.

Pacientes y métodos

Se ha realizado un estudio prospectivo que incluye 162 pacientes que fueron intervenidos consecutivamente de prótesis total de rodilla en el período de tiempo comprendido entre junio de 1999 y junio de 2000 y posterior-mente trasladados al Servicio de Rehabilitación para realizar tratamiento médico rehabilitador en régimen de hospitalización. Para la recogida de datos utilizamos el cuestionario modificado de la British Orthopaedic Association. Se ha realizado un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple, para estudiar qué variables están asociadas con la estancia hospitalaria en rehabilitación (variable dependiente), ajustando por el efecto de las demás.

Resultado

En el análisis bivariable han sido factores asociados con una menor estancia hospitalaria en rehabilitación: la edad avanzada (p<0,05), el índice de masa corporal elevado (p<0,0002), la no presencia de complicaciones quirúrgicas (p<0,01), el mayor balance articular en flexión a la semana del postoperatorio (p<0,004) y la menor media de días de movilización pasiva continua (p<0,02); pero en el análisis multivariable, los dos únicos factores determinantes del alta hospitalaria con correlación inversa, son la edad (p<0,001; IC 95% 1,86–2,06) y el balance articular en flexión a la semana del postoperatorio (p<0,01; IC 95% 1,92–1,99).

Conclusione

La edad y el balance articular en flexión a la primera semana son las dos únicas variables determinantes del alta hospitalaria.

Palabras clave:
Rehabilitación
Prótesis de rodilla
Alta hospitalaria
Balance articular
Summary
Objective

The objective of this study is to analyze what factors are the determinants of hospital discharge in rehabilitation of patients operated on for total knee prosthesis.

Patients and methods: A prospective study has been performed. It includes 162 patients who were operated on consecutively of total knee prosthesis in the time period ranging from june 1999 and june 2000 and then were transferred to the Rehabilitation Service to undergo rehabilitation medical treatment in hospital regime. To gather the data, we used the modified questionnaire of the British Orthopaedic Association. A multiple linear regression analysis has been performed to study what variables are associated with the hospital stay in rehabilitation (dependent variable), adjusting for the effect of the others.

Results

In the bivariable analysis, the following have been factors associated with a lower hospital stay in rehabilitation: advanced age (p<0.05), elevated body mass index (p<0.0002), non-presence of surgical complications (p<0.01), greater articular balance in flexion at one week of the operation (p<0.004) and lower mean of days of continuous passive mobilization (p<0.02); however in the multivariable analysis, the two single determining factors of hospital discharge with inverse correlation are age (p<0.001; 95% CI 1.86–2.06) and articular balance in flexion at one week of the operation (p<0.01; 95% CI 1.92–1.99).

Conclusions

Age and articular balance in flexion at the first week are the only two determining variables of the hospital discharge.

Key words:
Total knee prosthesis
Hospital stay
Rehabilitation
Articular balance
Range of notion

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