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Vol. 17. Issue 4.
Pages 249-256 (December 2010)
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Vol. 17. Issue 4.
Pages 249-256 (December 2010)
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Osteomalacia inducida por tumor
Tumor-induced osteomalacia
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Mario Andrés Quintana Duque1, Adriana Varela Nariño2, Federico Rondón3, José Félix Restrepo4, Antonio Iglesias Gamarra4,
Corresponding author
1 Residente tercer año Medicina Interna. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Nacional de Colombia
2 Médico Interno. Universidad Nacional de Colombia
3 Reumatólogo. Profesor Asociado de Medicina Interna y Reumatología. Universidad Nacional de Colombia
4 Reumatólogo. Profesor Titular de Medicina Interna y Reumatología. Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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Resumen

La osteomalacia inducida por tumor es un síndrome paraneoplásico secundario en la mayoría de los casos a tumores de origen mesenquimal. Se caracteriza por pérdida aumentada de fosfato a nivel urinario por el efecto inhibidor que ejerce el factor de crecimiento fibroblástico 23 sobre el transporte de fósforo en el túbulo renal proximal. Debe sospecharse en un paciente con debilidad y dolor osteomuscular generalizado que se presente con hipofosfatemia, normocalcemia, fosfatasa alcalina elevada y niveles de 25 hidroxivitamina D y PTH normales. El tratamiento definitivo de la enfermedad es la resección quirúrgica del tumor. Cuando se desconozca la neoplasia primaria o no sea posible el tratamiento quirúrgico debe iniciarse reposición de fósforo y calcitriol. En este artículo se presenta el primer caso de una paciente con osteomalacia inducida por tumor asociada a un carcinoma lobulillar infiltrante de seno.

Palabras clave:
osteomalacia
hipofosfatemia
25-hidroxivitamina D
parathormona (PTH)
Summary

The tumor-induced osteomalacia is a paraneoplastic syndrome secondary in most cases to tumors of mesenchymal origin. It is characterized by increased lost of urinary phosphate by the inhibitory effect exerted by the fibroblast growth factor 23 on phosphorus transport in the proximal renal tubule. Should be suspected in a patient with weakness and generalized muscle in addition to hypophosphatemia, normocalcemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase and normal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PTH. The definitive treatment of the disease is surgical resection of the tumor. When the primary tumor is unknown or is not possible the surgical treatment should be initiated replacement of phosphorus and calcitriol. This paper presents the first case of a patient with tumor-induced osteomalacia associated with lobular breast cancer.

Key words:
osteomalacia
hypophosphatemia
25-hydroxyvitamin D
parathormone (PTH)
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Copyright © 2010. Asociación Colombiana de Reumatología
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