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Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition)
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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition) Balancing inflammation and adverse effects of glucocorticoids in clinical practi...
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Vol. 31. Issue 4.
Pages 498-510 (October - December 2024)
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Vol. 31. Issue 4.
Pages 498-510 (October - December 2024)
Review article
Balancing inflammation and adverse effects of glucocorticoids in clinical practice
Equilibrando la inflamación y los efectos adversos de los glucocorticoides en la práctica clínica
Juan Sebastián Peinado-Acevedoa,b,
Corresponding author
juan.peinado@udea.edu.co

Corresponding author.
, Tatiana Rivera-Bustamantec, Jairo Riverad, Yeison Santamaría-Alzae,f
a Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Pablo Tobón Uribe Hospital, Medellín, Colombia
b Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
c Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
d Department of Internal Medicine, Pablo Tobón Uribe Hospital, Medellín, Colombia
e Department of Rheumatology, Coopsana IPS, Medellín, Colombia
f MEDICARTE, Medellín, Colombia
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Comparison of systemic glucocorticoids in their pharmacological characteristics.
Table 2. Definition for conventional terms for glucocorticoid doses.
Table 3. Indications for high doses of glucocorticoids in different diseases.
Table 4. Adverse effects of glucocorticoids on various systems and strategies to prevent them.
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Abstract

Corticosteroids play a vital role in enabling the body to tolerate stressful situations and regulate the inflammatory process. Excessive or persistent inflammation can lead to tissue damage and the development of diseases. Glucocorticoids are crucial in modulating the impact of inflammatory disorders, such as allergies, autoimmune diseases, and sepsis. These disorders can be life-threatening and benefit from glucocorticoid administration. Natural and synthetic glucocorticoids are utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal function disorders and various inflammatory, immune, and neoplastic conditions. The discovery of glucocorticoids is a testament to the ingenuity and collaboration of researchers. For over 70 years, glucocorticoids have revolutionized medicine and are widely employed in various medical conditions. This article provides a comprehensive review of the critical considerations for the clinical application of glucocorticoids, aiming to strike a balance between their benefits and potential risks. Understanding its history, chemical structure, pharmacology, and mechanisms of action provides the foundation for achieving proper use of this type of medication.

Keywords:
Glucocorticoids
Drug-related side effects and adverse reactions
Inflammation
Adrenal cortex hormones
Resumen

Los corticosteroides desempeñan un papel vital al permitir que el cuerpo tolere situaciones estresantes y regule el proceso inflamatorio. La inflamación excesiva o persistente puede ocasionar daño tisular y el desarrollo de enfermedades. Los glucocorticoides son cruciales para modular el impacto de trastornos inflamatorios, como alergias, enfermedades autoinmunes y sepsis. Estos trastornos pueden ser potencialmente mortales y se benefician de la administración de estos medicamentos. Los glucocorticoides naturales y sintéticos se utilizan para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de trastornos de la función adrenal y diversas condiciones inflamatorias, inmunológicas y neoplásicas. El descubrimiento de los glucocorticoides es un testimonio del ingenio y la colaboración de los investigadores. Desde hace más de 70 años los glucocorticoides han revolucionado la medicina y se emplean ampliamente en diversas condiciones médicas. Este artículo ofrece una revisión exhaustiva de las consideraciones más relevantes para su aplicación clínica, con el objetivo de encontrar un equilibrio entre sus beneficios y sus posibles riesgos. Comprender su historia, su estructura química, su farmacología y sus mecanismos de acción proporciona bases para lograr el adecuado uso de este tipo de medicamentos.

Palabras clave:
Glucocorticoides
Efectos colaterales y reacciones adversas relacionados con medicamentos
Inflamación
Corticoesteroides

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