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Inicio Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología Tratamiento de las fracturas de tibia con clavo intramedular no fresado
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Vol. 48. Issue 6.
Pages 443-448 (January 2004)
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Vol. 48. Issue 6.
Pages 443-448 (January 2004)
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Tratamiento de las fracturas de tibia con clavo intramedular no fresado
Treatment of tibial fractures using an unreamed intramedullary nail technique
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F.A. Miralles-Muñoza
Corresponding author
franmiralles@netscape.net

Correspondencia: Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología. Hospital General de Elda. Carretera Elda-Sax s/n. 03600 Elda (Alicante)
, A. Lizaur-Utrillab, D. Bustamante-Suárezc
Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología. Hospital General de Elda. Alicante
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Objetivo

Realizar un análisis clínico y radiológico de las fracturas de alta energía de diáfisis tibial tratadas mediante enclavado intramedular sin fresar.

Material y método

Serie de 23 pacientes con fracturas diafisarias de tibia, 12 abiertas y 11 cerradas, tratadas mediante clavo intramedular no fresado tipo UTN (unreamed tibial nail), de 9 mm en 16 casos y de 8 mm en 7, todos con bloqueo proximal y distal. Se realizó valoración radiológica y clínica mediante la escala de Karlström y Olerud.

Resultados

El seguimiento medio postoperatorio fue de 42 meses (rango: 12-94), con consolidación ósea en 19 casos (82%) en un tiempo medio de 9,5 semanas (rango: 8-12), y retardos de consolidación en tres fracturas que precisaron de cirugía secundaria y un caso con pseudoartrosis; dos fracturas distales de tibia desarrollaron mal alineamiento y en 10 casos existió rotura de los tornillos de bloqueo (9 distales y dos proximales). Ningún caso presentó infección profunda. La valoración clínica postoperatoria fue de 33,6 puntos, con 9 resultados excelentes, 11 buenos y tres regulares.

Conclusiones

En las fracturas de alta energía de la diáfisis tibial, el enclavado intramedular sin fresado ha demostrado bajas tasas de infección, favoreciendo la consolidación ósea y la curación de tejidos blandos. Con los resultados obtenidos en este estudio podemos afirmar que el clavo intramedular no fresado tipo UTN es un tratamiento eficaz y seguro en este tipo de fracturas.

Palabras clave:
clavo intramedular
fractura de tibia
retardo de consolidación
Objective

Clinical and radiological analysis of high-energy tibial shaft fractures treated by intramedullary nailing without reaming.

Materials and methods

A series of 23 patients with tibial shaft fractures, 12 open and 11 closed, were treated using a UTN (unreamed tibial nail) technique. The nail was 9 mm in diameter in 16 cases and 8 mm in 7 cases, and all had proximal and distal locking. Radiologic and clinical assessment was carried out with the Karlström and Olerud scale.

Results

Mean postoperative follow-up was 42 months (12-94 months) with bone healing in 19 patients (82%) in a mean 9.5 weeks (8-12 weeks). Consolidation was delayed in 3 fractures that required secondary surgery and there was one nonunion. In two distal tibial fractures, malalignment developed and in 10 cases locking screws failed (9 distal and 2 proximal). No patient presented deep infection. The postoperative clinical score was 33.6 points and results were excellent in 9, good in 11, and fair in 3.

Conclusions

In high-energy tibial shaft fractures, intramedullary nailing without reaming has resulted in low infection rates, favoring bone consolidation and soft-tissue healing. The results of this study show that the UTN technique is effective and safe in these fractures.

Key words:
intramedullary nail
tibial fracture
delayed union
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Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Cirugia Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT)
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