Article information
The aim of this publication is to offer a complete, easy-tounderstand and comprehensive overview on shoulder hemiarthroplasty focusing on the different design types, prosthetic generations, fixation techniques, indications and results.
Nowadays, shoulder hemiarthroplasty has led to satisfactory, reproducible and lasting results in addressing conditions like glenohumeral arthritis, avascular necrosis and rheumatoid arthritis. In rotator cuff pathology and in proximal humeral fractures and their sequelae, results have been less predictable. Reproducing the patient's anatomy, improving stem fixation techniques and the size and orientation characteristics of the head component and preserving the tuberosities and the rotator cuff are essential for a good clinical outcome. Resurfacing could be a valid and more bonepreserving option. The advantages of bipolar arthroplasty are still to be demonstrated.
Key words:
hemiarthroplasty
shoulder
glenohumeral arthritis
shoulder prosthesis
El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer una visión clara, completa y asequible sobre la artroplastia parcial de hombro, revisando los tipos de diseño y generaciones protésicas, técnicas de fijación, indicaciones y resultados.
Actualmente, la artroplastia parcial de hombro ha demostrado resultados satisfactorios, reproducibles y duraderos en la resolución de cuadros clínicos como la artrosis glenohumeral, la necrosis avascular y la artritis reumatoide. En patología del manguito rotador y fracturas de húmero proximal y sus secuelas, los resultados son menos reproducibles. La imitación de la anatomía, la mejora en técnicas de fijación de vástagos, las características del tamaño y orientación del segmento cefálico, y la preservación de las tuberosidades y el manguito rotador son fundamentales para la obtención de buenos resultados clínicos. La prótesis de superficialización puede ser una opción válida y más conservadora. La artroplastia bipolar todavía debe demostrar sus ventajas teóricas.
Palabras clave:
artroplastia parcial
hombro
omartrosis
prótesis de hombro
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