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Vol. 53. Issue 4.
Pages 257-263 (October - December 2020)
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Vol. 53. Issue 4.
Pages 257-263 (October - December 2020)
Brief report
Anaplastic extraosseous (extramedullary) plasmacytoma in the right nostril
Plasmocitoma anaplásico extraóseo (extramedular) en la fosa nasal derecha
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Ernesto Ramos-Martíneza, Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangelb,
Corresponding author
francisco.lagunas@cinvestav.mx

Corresponding author. Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
a Department of Pathology, Hospital Ángeles Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
b Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
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Table 1. Cases of anaplastic plasmacytoma reported in the literature.
Abstract

Extraosseous (extramedullary) plasmacytomas are rare plasma cell neoplasms that can result in an erroneous and/or delayed diagnosis as often they are not considered in the differential diagnosis due to their rarity. Furthermore, the anaplastic type is one of the most difficult to recognize in biopsies. We report the case of a patient with an extraosseous plasmacytoma occluded in the right nostril. Its prompt and accurate diagnosis resulted in early treatment and a good outcome, despite the tumour being anaplastic with the risk of progressing into a plasma cell myeloma. The patient shows no recurrence or disease progression after 10 years of follow-up. Our case highlights the clinical and pathological characteristics of this rare disorder that should be considered in order to improve diagnostic criteria and thus early treatment. We also reviewed the pertinent literature.

Keywords:
Plasma cell neoplasm
Diagnosis
Upper aerodigestive tract
Radiotherapy
Recurrence
Resumen

Los plasmocitomas extraóseos (extramedulares) son neoplasias de células plasmáticas que a menudo resultan en diagnósticos erróneos y/o retrasados, debido a que con poca frecuencia se consideran dentro del diagnóstico diferencial y donde el tipo anaplásico es una de las formas más difíciles de reconocer en las biopsias. Aquí describimos el caso de un paciente con un plasmocitoma extraóseo ocluido en la fosa nasal derecha, donde el diagnóstico oportuno y adecuado permitió proporcionar un tratamiento temprano con buenos resultados a pesar de ser un tipo anaplásico con riesgo de progresar a mieloma de células plasmáticas. El seguimiento de 10 años después del diagnóstico mostró que el paciente experimentó una respuesta completa sin recurrencia o progresión de la enfermedad. Nuestro caso destaca las características clínicas y patológicas que los médicos deben considerar al tratar a pacientes con esta enfermedad infrecuente para mejorar los criterios de diagnóstico y proporcionar un tratamiento más oportuno.

Palabras clave:
Neoplasia de células plasmáticas
Diagnóstico
Tracto aerodigestivo superior
Radioterapia
Recurrencia

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