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Vol. 54. Núm. 2.
Páginas 64-75 (enero 2002)
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Vol. 54. Núm. 2.
Páginas 64-75 (enero 2002)
Acceso a texto completo
Importancia de la hipercoagulabilidad en la cirugía de la isquemia crónica de extremidades inferiores
The importance of hypercoagulability in the surgery of chronic ischaemia of the lower limbs
Importáncia da hipercoagulabilidade na cirurgia da isquemia crónica dos membros inferiores
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S. Cáncer-Pérez, F. Acín-García
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facing@meditex.es

correspondence: Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Ctra. de Toledo km 12,500. E-28901 Getafe (Madrid). Fax: +34916839748.
, A. Fernández-Heredero, L. de Benito-Fernández, A. Bueno-Bertomeu, J. Alfayate-García, J.R. March-García, A. López-Quintana de Carlos
Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Hospital Universitario de Getafe. Madrid, España.
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Summary
Introduction

A high prevalence of hypercoagulability states has been described in patients with chronic ischaemia. Objective. To determine the prevalence and importance of hypercoagulability states inpatients with chronic occlusive disorders of the lower limbs needing revascularization.

Patients and methods

A prospective study was made between October 1999 and April 2000. In 52 patients we determined: antithrombin 111, proteins C and S, anticardiolipin antibodies, plasminogen, α2-antiplasmin and resistance to activated protein C. We recorded risk factors, clinical features, surgery performed and its results and analyze their relation to hypercoagulability changes.

Results

There was antithrombin 111 deficit in 6% of patients, protein C deficit in 31%, protein Sdeficit in 2%, anticardiolipin antibodies in 10%, and resistance to activated protein C (RAPC) in 12%. In 29% of the patients one alteration was observed; in 13% more than one and in 58% no alteration was seen. Thrombosis occurred in 50% (3/6) as compared with 13% (6/46) of the patients without RAPC (p=0.05). In patients with several alterations, thrombosis occurred in 42% (3/7) compared with 13% (6/45) of the other patients (p=0.08). 33% (2/6) of the patients with RAPC had thrombosis early, compared with 2.1% (1/46) of the remainder (p=0.03). 28% (2/7) of the patients with several alterations had early thrombosis compared with 2.2% (1/45) of the remainder (p=0.04).

Conclusions

There is a high prevalence of hypercoagulability states in chronic ischaemia. These findings have therapeutic implications.

Key words:
Chronic ischaemia
Hypercoagulability
Resistance to activated protein C
Revas-cularization
Resumen
Introducción

Se ha descrito una alta prevalencia de estados de hipercoagu-labilidad en pacientes con isquemia crónica.

Objetivo

Determinar la prevalencia e importancia de estados de hipercoagulabilidad en pacientes con patología oclusiva crónica de extremidades inferiores, que precisan revascularización.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio prospectivo octubre 1999-abril 2000. En 52 pacientes se determinó: antitrombina III, proteína C y S, anticuerpos anticardiolipina, plasminógeno, α2-antiplasminay resistencia a la proteína C activada. Se registraron factores de riesgo, clínica, cirugía realizada y resultados, y se analizó su relación con alteraciones de hipercoagulabilidad.

Resultados

El 6% presentaban déficit de antitrombina III; el 31%, déficit de proteína C; el 2%, déficit de proteína S; el 10%, anticuerpos anticardiolipina, y el 12%, resistencia a la proteína C activada (RPCA). El 29% de los pacientes presentaban una alteración; el 13%, más de una, y el 58%, ninguna. El50% (3/6) de los pacientes con RPCA se trombo-saron, frente al 13% (6/46) de los pacientes sin RPCA (p=0,05). El 42% (3/7) de los pacientes con varias alteraciones se trombosaron, frente al 13% (6/45) del resto (p=0,08). El 33% (2/6) de los pacientes con RPCA presentaron trombosis precoz, frente al 2,1% (1/46) del resto (p=0,03). El 28% (2/7) de los pacientes con varias alteraciones presentaron trombosis precoz, frente al 2,2% (1/45) del resto (p=0,04).

Conclusiones

Laprevalencia de estados de hipercoagulabilidad en isquémicos crónicos es elevada. Estos hallazgos inducen implicaciones terapéuticas.

Palabras clave:
Hipercoagulabilidad
Isquemia crónica
Resistencia a laproteína C activada
Revascularización
Palabras clave:
Hipercoagulabilidade
Isquemia crónica
Resistência á proteína C activada
Revascularização
Resumo
Introdução

Foi descrita uma alta prevalência de estados de hipercoagulabilidade em doentes com isquemia crónica.

Objectivo

Determinar a prevalência e importância dos estados de hipercoagulabilidade nos doentes com patologia oclusiva crónica dos membros inferiores, necessitando de revascularização.

Doentes e métodos

Estudo prospectivo de Outubro 1999-Abril 2000 de 52 doentes, determinou-se: antitrombina III, proteína C e S, anticorpos anticardiolipina, plasminogénio, α2-antiplasmina e resistência à proteína C activada. Registaram-se os factores de risco, sinto-matologia, cirurgia realizada e resultados, e analisou-se a relação com alterações de hi-percoagulabilidade.

Resultados

6% apresentavam défice de antitrombina III, 31% défice de proteína C, 2% défice de proteína S, 10% anticorpos anticardiolipina, e 12% resistência à proteína C activada (RPCA). 29% dos doentes apresentavam uma alte-ração, 13% mais de uma, e 58% nenhuma. 50% (3/6) dos doentes com RPCA sofreram trombose, face a 13% (6/46) dos doentes sem RPCA (p=0,05). 42% (3/7) dos doentes com várias alterações sofreram trombose, face a 13% (6/45) dos restantes (p=0,08). 33% (2/6) dos doentes com RPCA apresentaram trombose precoce, face a 2,1% (1/46) dos restantes (p=0,03). 28% (2/7) dos doentes com várias alterações apresentaram trombose precoce, face a 2,2% (1/45) dos restantes (p=0,04).

Conclusoes

Aprevalência de estados de hipercoagulabilidade nos isquémicos crónicos é elevada. Estes achados induzem implicações terapêuticas.

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