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Inicio Cirugía Española Aspectos técnicos y resultados de la mastectomía profiláctica en pacientes co...
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Vol. 75. Núm. 3.
Páginas 123-128 (marzo 2004)
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Vol. 75. Núm. 3.
Páginas 123-128 (marzo 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Aspectos técnicos y resultados de la mastectomía profiláctica en pacientes con elevado riesgo de cáncer de mama
Technical features and results in 65 prophylactic mastectomies in patients at high risk of breast cancer
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10199
Antonio Güemesa,1
Autor para correspondencia
aguemes@unizar.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Cirugía. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Avda. San Juan Bosco, 15. 50009 Zaragoza. España.
, Ramón Sousaa, Ana Navarroa, Pilar Val-Carreresa, Manuel Morosb, José M. Sainzc, José I. Mayordomod, Raquel Andrésd, Eduardo Polod, Ignacio Álvarezd, Ricardo Lozanoa
a Servicio de Cirugía. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Zaragoza.
b Servicio de Anatomía Patológica. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Zaragoza.
c Servicio de Radiología. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Zaragoza.
d Servicio de Oncología. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Zaragoza. España.
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Bibliografía
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Resumen
Objetivo

Analizar la técnica quirúrgica y los hallazgos histopatológicos en una serie de pacientes a los que se practicó una mastectomía profiláctica.

Pacientes y métodos

Se estudió retrospectivamente a 65 mujeres con un riesgo elevado de cáncer de mama a las que se practicó una mastectomía profiláctica uni o bilateral, seguida de reconstrucción. Las pacientes fueron intervenidas por el mismo equipo quirúrgico y el mismo anatomopatólogo analizó las piezas extirpadas. La técnica quirúrgica consistió en una mastectomía con conservación de la piel y reconstrucción con prótesis o en una mastectomía simple, seguida de reconstrucción con colgajo del gran dorsal.

Resultados

Se intervino (1996-2001) a 65 pacientes con un elevado riesgo de cáncer mamario (56 mastectomías bilaterales y 9 unilaterales). El 58% de las pacientes presentó lesiones preneoplásicas en las piezas extirpadas.

Conclusiones

La mastectomía profiláctica debe ser una opción para la población con un elevado riesgo de cáncer mamario. La mastectomía con conservación de piel supone una agresión quirúrgica menor y permite una reconstrucción durante la intervención. El hallazgo de un gran número de lesiones, consideradas de riesgo, en las piezas extirpadas puede favorecer el concepto de cirugía profiláctica.

Palabras Clave:
Cáncer de mama
Mastectomía profiláctica
BRCA1
BRCA2
Alto riesgo
Objective

To analyze surgical technique and histopathological findings in a series of patients who underwent prophylactic mastectomy.

Patients and methods

We performed a retrospective study of 65 patients at high risk of breast cancer who underwent uni-or bilateral prophylactic mastectomy followed by breast reconstruction. Surgery was performed by the same surgical team and the surgical specimens were analyzed by the same pathologist. The surgical technique consisted of skin-sparing mastectomy with prosthesis or simple mastectomy followed by latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction.

Results

From 1996 to 2001, 65 women at high risk of breast cancer underwent surgery (56 bilateral and 9 unilateral mastectomies). Fifty-eight percent of the patients presented preneoplastic lesions in the surgical specimen.

Conclusions

Prophylactic mastectomy should be an option in women at high risk of breast cancer. Skin-sparing mastectomy is a less aggressive technique and allows immediate reconstruction. The finding of a large number of precancerous lesions in the surgical specimens supports the concept of prophylactic surgery.

Key Words:
Breast cancer
Prophylactic mastectomy
BRCA-1,2
High risk
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Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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