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Inicio Cirugía Española Barreras biológicas contra las adherencias postoperatorias. Estudio experimenta...
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Vol. 76. Núm. 1.
Páginas 40-45 (julio 2004)
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Vol. 76. Núm. 1.
Páginas 40-45 (julio 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Barreras biológicas contra las adherencias postoperatorias. Estudio experimental
Biological barriers to postoperative adhesions. An experimental study
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11149
Suylleng Yee1
Autor para correspondencia
suylleng@infomed.sld.cu

Correspondencia: Dra. Suylleng Yee Seuret. Estrada Palma, 664 e/ Goss y La Sola. 10500 Santos Suárez. 10 de Octubre. Cuba.
, Iván Justo, Barma Cabrera, Leonardo Concepción, Antonio Vargas
Departamento de Cirugía General. Hospital General Docente Dr. Enrique Cabrera. Altahabana. Boyeros. Ciudad de la Habana. Cuba
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Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
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Estadísticas
Resumen
Introducción

La solución salina fisiológica es la solución universal utilizada en la cirugía abdominal. Se compara su efecto antiadherente con el uso de dextrano, carboximetilcelulosa y estreptocinasa recombinante en un modelo experimental.

Material y método

Se formaron 4 grupos de 10 ratas machos línea Wistar a los que se les inundó la cavidad abdominal: en el grupo I (control) con 20 ml de solución salina fisiológica, en el grupo II con 30.000 U de estreptocinasa, en el grupo III con dextrano y en el grupo IV se cubrió el área ileocecal expuesta con celulosa oxidada regenerada (Interceed®). Se realizó laparotomía media, de 3 cm, exponiendo y frotando durante 5 min el ciego y los 20 cm finales del íleon. Todos los animales fueron sacrificados al séptimo día postoperatorio.

Resultados

Se compararon las adherencias en los 3 grupos con respecto al control y se obtuvo un índice de adherencias asignando una puntuación a cada una de las adherencias encontradas, así como los tests estadísticos del paquete SPSS.

Conclusiones

Si bien en el grupo control no todos los animales formaron adherencias, con el uso de la sustancia fibrinolítica todos desarrollaran adherencias, requiriendo, muchas de ellas, disección cruenta. La barrera biológica tipo membrana usada disminuye la formación de adherencias locales en la zona donde fue aplicada, aunque no en el resto de la cavidad. El dextrano, que ha caído en desuso desde hace años, puede surtir mejores efectos antiadherentes si es utilizado antes de que se produzca la lesión de las superficies expuestas.

Palabras clave:
Adherencias postoperatorias
Obstrucción intestinal
Barreras antiadherencias
Introduction

Physiologic saline solution is the universal solution used in abdominal surgery.We compared its adhesion preventive effect with that of dextran, carboxymethylcellulose and recombinant streptokinase in an experimental model.

Material and method

Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each. The following solutions (20 ml) were introduced into the abdominal cavity: group I, (control) physiologic saline solution; group II: recombinant streptokinase 30,000 U; group III: dextran; group IV: the exposed ileocecal area was covered with oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed ®). Medial laparotomy (3 cm) was performed, with exposure and rubbing of the blind-gut and the last 20 cm of the ileum for 5 minutes. All the animals were sacrificed on the seventh day after surgery.

Results

Adhesions in the 3 groups were compared with those in the control group and an adhesion index was obtained by assigning a score to each of the adhesions found and performing the SPSS statistical tests.

Conclusions

Although not all the animals in the control group formed adhesions, with the use of the fibrinolytic substance, all the animals developed adhesions, in many cases requiring surgical dissection. The biological membrane barrier used reduces the formation of local adhesions at the site of injury but not in the rest of the cavity. Dextran, which has fallen into disuse in the last few years, could produce better adhesion preventive effects if used before the lesion in the exposed surfaces is produced.

Key words:
Postoperative adhesions
Intestinal obstruction
Anti-adhesion barriers
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Copyright © 2004. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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