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Inicio Cirugía Española Resultados a medio plazo y calidad de vida del tratamiento laparoscópico de la ...
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Vol. 76. Núm. 6.
Páginas 382-387 (diciembre 2004)
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Vol. 76. Núm. 6.
Páginas 382-387 (diciembre 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Resultados a medio plazo y calidad de vida del tratamiento laparoscópico de la hernia de hiato paraesofágica
Medium-Term results and quality of life after laparoscopic treatment of paraesophageal hiatus hernia
Visitas
5596
José Novella,1
Autor para correspondencia
etargarona@hsp.santpau.es

Correspondencia: Dr. E.M. Targarona. Servicio de Cirugía. Hospital de Sant Pau. Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167. 08029 Barcelona. España.
, Eduardo M. Targaronaa, Sandra Velaa, Gemma Cerdána, Gali Bendahana, Sofía Torrubiab, Pere Rebasaa, Verónica Alonsoa, Carmen Balaguéa, Jorge Garrigaa, Manuel Triasa
a Servicio de Cirugía General. Hospital de Sant Pau. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona
b Servicio de Radiología. Hospital de Sant Pau. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona. España
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Resumen
Bibliografía
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Estadísticas
Resumen
Introducción

La reparación laparoscópica de las hernias paraesofágicas (HPE) y mixtas es factible, con excelentes resultados inmediatos y a corto plazo. De todas formas, se han observado tasas de recidiva de hasta el 40% en el seguimiento a medio plazo. La utilización de escalas de calidad de vida permite evaluar con más exactitud el impacto del tratamiento quirúrgico en el estado de salud global de los pacientes, pero no se dispone de información sobre la calidad de vida postoperatoria en relación con el tratamiento laparoscópico de las HPE y sus recidivas.

Objetivo

Evaluar prospectivamente la presencia de recidivas anatómicas y/o sintomáticas y su correlación con la calidad de vida en pacientes intervenidos de HPE o mixtas.

Material y método

Se revaluó a todos los pacientes intervenidos por laparoscopia de una HPE o mixta entre febrero de 1998 y marzo del 2003. A todos ellos se les practicó un esofagograma, se analizaron sus síntomas y se les efectuó una entrevista en la que respondieron a varios tests de calidad de vida: Short Form-36 (SF-36), Glasgow Dyspepsia Severity Score (GDSS) y Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Score (GIQLI).

Resultados

Durante el período de estudio se intervino a 46 pacientes, con una media de edad 68 años (rango, 22-81). En 37 fue posible realizar un seguimiento mínimo de 6 meses. Ocho pacientes (8/37, 21%) refirieron síntomas postoperatorios de origen gastrointestinal. Se practicó un esofagograma en 30 pacientes (30/37, 81%), que mostró una recidiva en 6 (20%). Los tests de calidad de vida tipo SF-36 y GDSS no mostraron diferencias significativas con los valores estándar de la población española con una edad y comorbilidad similares. Los pacientes sin recidiva alcanzaron valores con la escala GIQLI comparables a los de la población general. Los pacientes con recidiva clínica mostraron valores significativamente inferiores a los del grupo no recidivado o a los del grupo con recidiva sólo radiológica.

Conclusión

El tratamiento laparoscópico de la HPE y mixta es factible, seguro y ofrece una buena calidad de vida a medio plazo. Sin embargo, la incidencia de recidivas anatómicas y funcionales es elevada, por lo que es necesario identificar el subgrupo de pacientes con riesgo de fracaso y las técnicas alternativas para garantizar la durabilidad de la reparación quirúrgica.

Palabras clave:
Hernia paraesofágica
Laparoscopia
Calidad de vida
Recidiva
Introduction

Laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal and mixed hernias is feasible, with excellent immediate- and short-term results. However, recurrence rates of up to 40% have been observed in the medium- term. The use of quality of life scales allows the impact of surgical treatment on patients’ global health status to be evaluated with greater precision but no information is available on quality of life after laparoscopic surgery for paraesophageal hernias or their recurrence.

Objective

To prospectively evaluate anatomical/and or symptomatic recurrences and their correlation with quality of life in patients who underwent surgery for paraesophageal or mixed hernias.

Material and method

All patients who underwent laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal or mixed hernias between February 1998 and March 2003 were reevaluated. All patients underwent an esophagogram. The patients’ symptoms were analyzed and all patients were interviewed with administration of several quality of life tests: Short Form-36 (SF-36), Glasgow Dyspepsia Severity Score (GDSS) and Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Score (GIQLI).

Results

During the study period, 46 patients underwent surgery. The mean age was 68 years (22-81). A minimum follow-up of 6 months was possible in 37 patients. Eight patients (8/37; 21%) reported postoperative gastrointestinal symptoms. Esophagogram was performed in 30 patients (30/37; 81%) and showed recurrence in six (20%). The quality of life scales, SF-37 and GDSS showed no significant differences with standard values for the Spanish population with similar age and comorbidity. Values of the GIQLI in patients without recurrence were similar to those in the general population. Patients with clinical recurrence showed significantly lower values than the group without recurrence and the group with radiological recurrence only.

Conclusion

Laparoscopic treatment of paraesophageal and mixed hernias is feasible and safe and provides good quality of life in the medium term. However, the incidence of anatomical and functional recurrence is high. Consequently, the subgroup of patients at risk for treatment failure should be identified and alternative techniques to guarantee the durability of surgical repair should be provided.

Key words:
Paraesophageal hernia
Laparoscopy
Quality of life
Recurrence
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Copyright © 2004. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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