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Inicio Cirugía Española Trasplante clínico de páncreas: resultados a largo plazo
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Vol. 69. Núm. 6.
Páginas 531-538 (junio 2001)
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Vol. 69. Núm. 6.
Páginas 531-538 (junio 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Trasplante clínico de páncreas: resultados a largo plazo
Pancreatic transplantation: long-term results
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L. Fernández-Cruz1, E. Astudillo, E.N. Heredia, M.J. Ricart, E. Esmatges, J.P. Pantoja, I. Martínez
Departamento de Cirugía. Unidad de Trasplante de Riñón y Páncreas. Hospital Clínic. Universidad de Barcelona.
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Bibliografía
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Resumen
Objetivo

Analizar a largo plazo la estabilidad de la función pancreática y la posible repercusión sobre ella de la reaparición de los marcadores inmunológicos de la diabetes tipo 1.

Material y métodos

A partir de una experiencia global de 191 trasplantes de riñón y páncreas, se evaluó el control metabólico en 80 pacientes, con un correcto funcionamiento de ambos injertos, entre uno y 10 años. También se realizó el estudio de los marcadores inmunológicos, los anticuerpos contra la célula del islote (ICA) y los anticuerpos contra la glutámico ácido decarboxilasa (GADab).

Resultados

Los valores de glucemia basal y hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c) se mantuvieron dentro de cifras normales a lo largo del estudio. La insulinemia basal se mantuvo elevada de forma significativa hasta el cuarto año postrasplante. El test de tolerancia oral a la glucosa (TTOG) fue normal en un 82,5% de los pacientes al año del trasplante, siendo la curva intolerante en un 14% y la curva diabética en un 3,5%; ningún paciente recibía insulina. Esta proporción se mantuvo hasta los 6 años del trasplante. Los ICA fueron positivos antes del trasplante en 2 pacientes (4%) y después del trasplante en siete (14%). El GADab fue positivo en 11 pacientes (22%) al año del trasplante, de los que 10 ya eran previamente positivos.

Conclusiones

El trasplante de páncreas permite mantener la glucemia y la HbA1c dentro de la normalidad a largo plazo sin necesidad de insulina ni restricciones dietéticas. El estudio de los marcadores inmunológicos de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1 debería formar parte del seguimiento de los pacientes trasplantados.

Palabras clave:
Trasplante de páncreas
Control metabólico
Marcadores inmunológicos de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Introduction

To analyze the long-term stability of pancreatic function and the possible effects of the reappearance of immunologic markers of type I diabetes mellitus on this function.

Material and methods

The analysis was based on our overall experience of 191 kidney-pancreas transplantations. We analyzed metabolic control in 80 patients with correct functioning of both grafts for between 1 and 10 years. We also studied immunologic markers, islet cell antibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADab).

Results

Values of basal glycemia and glycosylate hemoglobin (HbA1c) were maintained within the normal range throughout the study. Basal insulinemia remained significantly high until the fourth year after transplantation. One year after transplantation results of oral glucose tolerance test were normal in 82.5% of the patients. The curve showed intolerance in 14% and diabetes in 3.5%; all the patients were insulin-free. This proportion was maintained until the sixth year after transplantation. Islet cell antibodies were positive in 2 patients (4%) before transplantation and in 7 (14%) after transplantation. GADab were positive in 11 patients (22%) 1 year after transplantation and of these, 10 were positive before transplantation.

Conclusions

Pancreatic transplantation allows long-term maintenance of glycemia and HbA1c within normal limits, without the need for insulin or dietary restrictions. Study of immunologic markers of type I diabetes mellitus should form part of the followup of transplant recipients.

Key words:
Pancreatic transplantation
Metabolic control
Immunologic markers of type-I diabetes mellitus
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