En la actualidad, la confirmación de la infección de la necrosis pancreática durante la pancreatitis aguda (PA) en el ser humano parece ser el único aspecto que hace preferible la indicación quirúrgica en estos pacientes. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar los valores del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (Tnf-α) tisular pancreático como posible parámetro indicador de formas graves de pancreatitis aguda en la rata Wistar.
Material y métodosSe utilizan 45 ratas Wistar para el estudio. El grupo control (C) está constituido por 4 ratas. Se induce la PA experimental en 41 ratas Wistar mediante la inyección retrógrada ductal de taurocolato sódico al 5%. Se estiman los valores del Tnf-α tisular pancreático en la fracción citosoluble del homogeneizado pancreático obtenido tanto en los controles como en las ratas en las que se induce la PA, distribuidas en grupos según el intervalo transcurrido hasta su sacrificio: 1, 3, 12 y 24 h (grupos 1, 3, 12 y 24).
ResultadosLos valores del Tnf-α tisular pancreático son detectables en el páncreas de la rata sana (43,3 ± 7,7 mg/ml). Con la inducción de la enfermedad se elevan los valores del Tnf-α con respecto a los controles en los diversos grupos evolutivos (G1 = 101; G3 = 119,3; G12 = 144,2; G24 = 133,9). Existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas de los diversos grupos evolutivos con respecto al grupo control. El test de la t de Student fue significativo para p < 0,05.
ConclusionesUtilizando un modelo experimental de necrosis pancreática de alta agresividad y letalidad demostrada, podemos afirmar que la cuantificación del TNF tisular pancreático es posible y sus valores se elevan en el transcurso de la PA necrohemorrágica experimental. La determinación del Tnf-a en las ratas sanas con valores significativamente inferiores a los obtenidos durante la evolución de las ratas afectadas de PA permite incorporar la determinación de dicho parámetro bioquímico tisular a los factores de gravedad de la enfermedad.
Currently, confirmation of infection of pancreatic necrosis during acute pancreatitis in humans seems to be the only aspect that makes surgical indication in these patients preferable. The aim of the present study was to evaluate levels of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf)-alpha in pancreatic tissue as a possible indicator of severe forms of acute pancreatitis in Wistar rats.
Material and methodsForty-five Wistar rats were used in the study. The control group was composed by four rats. Acute experimental pancreatitis was induced in 41 Wistar rats by retrograde ductal injection of sodium taurocholate 5%. Values of Tnf-alpha in pancreatic tissue were estimated in the cytosoluble fraction of pancreatic homogenate obtained both from controls and from rats in whom acute pancreatitis was induced, distributed in groups according to the interval until sacrifice at 1, 3, 12 and 24 hours (groups 1, 3, 12 and 24).
ResultsLevels of Tnf-alpha in pancreatic tissue were detectable in the pancreas of healthy rats (43.3 ± 7.7 mg/ml). Levels of TNF-alpha rose with induction of the disease compared with controls in the different experimental groups: group 1 = 101, group 3 = 119.3, group 12 = 144.2 and group 24 = 133.9. Statistically significant differences were found between the various experimental groups compared with the control group. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05 using Student’s t-test.
ConclusionsUse of a highly aggressive and lethal experimental model of pancreatic necrosis demonstrates that Tnfalpha can be quantified in pancreatic tissue and that levels of this lymphokine are increased during the course of acute experimental necrohemorrhagic pancreatitis. Tnf-alpha values in healthy rats were significantly lower than those found during the evolution of rats with acute pancreatitis, revealing that determination of this biochemical tissular parameter may be considered one of the factors indicating the severity of this disease.
