Información del artículo
Resumen
Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de los artículos publicados entre 1998 y 2000 sobre la aplicación de la biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela (BSGC), con objeto de discutir la eficacia y seguridad de esta técnica en enfermas con cáncer de mama. Dichos estudios indican que la BSGC presenta una eficacia técnica superior al 90% en los grupos con experiencia y una dedicación especial a la cirugía mamaria. Asimismo se confirma que la combinación del marcaje isotópico con el colorante incrementa esta eficacia en la detección del ganglio centinela. Finalmente, las características clínicas de la enferma influyen decisivamente en el resultado de la técnica, lo que obliga a una correcta selección de las pacientes para la práctica quirúrgica de la BSGC. En lo referente a la seguridad de la BSGC, la ausencia de estudios aleatorios no permite actualmente conocer el impacto de esta técnica en la supervivencia global y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad, si bien en las experiencias no aleatorias no se ha demostrado un incremento del fracaso axilar.
Palabras clave:
Cáncer de mama
Ganglio centinela
Linfadenectomía axilar
Eficacia
Seguridad
We provide a literature review of articles published between 1998 and 2000 on the application of selective sentinel node biopsy (SSNB) with the aim of discussing the efficacy and safety of this technique in female patients with breast cancer. The studies reviewed suggest that the technical efficacy of SSNB is more than 90% in experienced groups performing large amounts of breast surgery. In addition, the literature reviewed confirms that mapping with the combination of isotope and dye increases sentinel nodedetection. Finally, patients’ clinical features have a decisive influence on the results of this technique and consequently proper patient selection for surgical SSNB is essential. Concerning the safety of SSNB, because of the absence of randomized studies, the effect of this technique on overall and disease-free survival cannot be determined, although an increase in axillary failure has not been demonstrated in non-randomized studies
Key words:
Breast cancer
Sentinel node
Axillary lymphadenectomy
Efficacy
Safety
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