Información del artículo
Abstract
Hepatic cell transplantation consists of grafting already differentiated cells such as hepatocytes. Human hepatocytes are viable and functionally active.
Liver cell transplantation is carried out by means of a 3-step method: isolation of hepatocytes from donor liver rejected for orthotopic transplantation, preparing a cell suspension for infusion and, finally, hepatocytes are implanted into the recipient. There are established protocols for the isolation of human hepatocytes from unused segments of donor livers, based on collagenase digestion of cannulated liver tissue at 37°C.
The hepatocytes can be used fresh or cryopreserved. Cryopreservation of isolated human hepatocytes would then be available for planned use.
In cell transplant, the important aspects are: infusion route, number of cells, number of infusions and viability of the cells. The cells are infused into the patient through a catheter inserted via portal vein or splenic artery.
Liver cell transplantation allows liver tissue to be used that would, otherwise, be discarded, enabling multiple patients to be treated with hepatocytes from a single tissue donor.
Keywords:
Liver cell transplantation
Cryopreservation
Isolation of hepatocytes
Cell therapy
Resumen
El trasplante celular hepático (TCH) se basa en el empleo de células hepáticas adultas, hepatocitos humanos, viables y metabólicamente funcionales.
El TCH consta de 3 pasos: el aislamiento del hepatocito del hígado no válido para trasplante hepático, la preparación de las suspensiones celulares y, finalmente, su implante en el receptor. La obtención de los hepatocitos se realiza mediante digestión hepática con colagenasa a 37°C. Tras el aislamiento, las células pueden congelarse o administrarse en fresco. La criopreservación permite realizar el procedimiento de forma programada.
Los aspectos clave del implante celular son la vía de infusión, el número de células por infundir, el número de infusiones y la viabilidad celular. La implantación es mediante catéter para infusión en la vena porta o la arteria esplénica.
El TCH permite utilizar los órganos desechados para trasplante convencional, y se tratan varios pacientes con hepatocitos del mismo donante.
Palabras clave:
Trasplante celular hepático
Criopreservación
Aislamiento de hepatocitos
Tratamiento celular
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