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Inicio Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis Estudio de prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori y Chlamydia pneumoniae en placas d...
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Vol. 13. Núm. 3.
Páginas 103-107 (enero 2001)
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Vol. 13. Núm. 3.
Páginas 103-107 (enero 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Estudio de prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori y Chlamydia pneumoniae en placas de ateroma de pacientes diabéticos y no diabéticos con arteriosclerosis
Study of helicobacter pylori and chlamydia pneumoniae from artery atheromas from non diabetic and diabetic patients with atherosclerosis
Visitas
3398
D.A. de Luis
Autor para correspondencia
mariaballesteros@worldonline.es

Correspondencia: Caamaño, 51 bis, 3.º C. 47013 Valladolid.
, A. Becerra
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital del Río Hortega e Instituto de Endocrinología y Nutrición (IEN). Facultad de Medicina. Valladolid
I. García Arataa, J. Haurieb, L. de Rafaela, J. Gonzáleza, C. Martín de Argilac, R. Allerc, D. Boixedacc
a Servicios de Microbiología Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Universidad de Alcalá de Henares. Madrid
b Servicios de Cirugía Vascular Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Universidad de Alcalá de Henares. Madrid
c Servicios de Gastroenterología. Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Universidad de Alcalá de Henares. Madrid
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Fundamento

La arteriosclerosis se comporta como un proceso inflamatorio crónico. Algunos estudios han sugerido que Chlamydia pneumoniae y Helicobacter pylori pueden representar un papel en la patogenia de la arteriosclerosis en pacientes diabéticos y no diabéticos. EL objetivo del estudio fue determinar mediante cultivo y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), la presencia de C. pneumoniae y H. pylori en arterias de pacientes con arteriosclerosis.

Métodos y resultados

El estudio presenta un diseño transversal, con 40 pacientes (22 diabéticos y 18 no diabéticos) sometidos a una intervención de revascularización. Se recogieron muestras de ateroma y se utilizaron los siguientes métodos de detección de la infección: PCR y cultivo de las placas de ateroma para detectar C. pneumoniae y H. pylori. Se utilizó la serología para determinar el contacto previo del paciente con el germen. En el grupo total, 29 pacientes (72,5%) presentaban serología positiva a H. pylori y 20 (50%) a C. pneumoniae (p < 0,05). En los pacientes diabéticos, un 77,3% tenían una serología positiva a H. pylori y un 50% a C. pneumoniae (p < 0,05). En pacientes no diabéticos, un 66,7% tenían serología positiva a H. pylori y un 50% a C. pneumoniae, sin encontrarse diferencias significativas. Se detectó C. pneumoniae por PCR en una placa de carótida de un paciente no diabético, con serología positiva y cultivo negativo, que además tenía una serología positiva a H. pylori pero PCR y cultivo de placa negativos. Todos los pacientes, diabéticos y no diabéticos, presentaban PCR y cultivos de placas negativos para H. pylori.

Conclusión

En este estudio se demuestra la nula presencia de H. pylori y escasa de C. pneumoniae en placas de ateroma. La relación entre arteriosclerosis e infección por C. pneumoniae, pero no por H. pylori, podría explicarse por infección directa de la pared arterial.

Palabras clave:
Arteriosclerosis
Ateroma
Infección
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Helicobacter pylori
Background

During the last decades, the Spanish diet has moved away from the traditional ?Mediterranean diet?, which has shown a protective role against cardiovascular events. In an attempt to revert population trends towards an increasing ?westernization? of dietary habits, the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society (SEA) published in 1994 a document with dietary recommendations for the prevention of atherosclerosis. In the DRECE study (Diet and Cardiovascular Events Risk in Spain), the dietary habits of a representative population sample were assessed in 1991 and in 1996-97. The present study describes how well these dietary habits fit the SEA recommendations.

Methods and results

The design was a crosssectional study, with 40 patients (22 diabetic and 18 non-diabetic) scheduled for a revascularization procedure. The methods of detection in atheroma plaques included a PCR assay and culture of atheroma plaques to detect Cp and Hp. Serology was used to evaluate the patients previous contact with both microorganisms. In the overall group, 29 (72,5%) patients had a positive serology to Hp and 20 (50%) had a positive serology to Cp (p < 0,05). In diabetic patients, 77,3% had a positive serology to Hp and 50% to Cp (p < 0,05). In non-diabetic patients, 66,7% had a positive serology to Hp and 50% to Cp (difference nonsignificant). Cp was detected by PCR in a carotid atheroma of a single non-diabetic patient with positive serology and negative culture, who also had positive serology for Hp but negative PCR and culture. All diabetic and non-diabetic patients had negative PCR and culture for Hp in atheroma plaques.

Conclusion

This study provides evidence of the presence of Cp, but not Hp, in atheroma plaques. A chronic inflammatory response caused by persistent arterial infection may explain the association between Cp and atherosclerosis. The link between Hp and atherosclerosis may be explained by indirect effects.

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Copyright © 2001. Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis y Elsevier España, S.L.
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