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Vol. 28. Núm. 7.
Páginas 262-272 (enero 2001)
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Vol. 28. Núm. 7.
Páginas 262-272 (enero 2001)
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Efectos del 17 β-estradiol oral o transdérmico, combinados con acetato de noretisterona oral secuencial sobre las concentraciones de lipoproteínas séricas
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L.C. Tejerizo-López, A. Tejerizo-García, M.M. Sánchez-Sánchez, R.M. García-Robles, A. Leiva, J.M. Benavente, A.I. Teijelo, F. Corredera, J.A. Pérez-Escanilla
Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Hospital Virgen de la Vega. Salamanca. España
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Resumen
Objetivo

analizar los efectos de 17 β-estradiol oral frente al transdérmico, administrados ambos con adición secuencial de acetato de noretisterona oral, sobre las concentraciones séricas de lípidos y lipoproteínas en mujeres posmenopáusicas.

Pacientesymétodo

análisis abierto, aleatorio, con grupos de estudio paralelos. Se incluyeron 56 mujeres posmenopáusicas, con problemas propios del climaterio, las cuales por lo demás estaban sanas. De éstas, 45 cumplieron los criterios del estudio. Untotal de 45 mujeres posmenopáusicas fueron distribuidas aleatoriamente para recibir 17 β-estradiolestriol oral o bien 17 β-estradiol transdérmico, junto con la adición cíclica de acetato de noretisterona durante 48 semanas. Las concentraciones séricas de colesterol total, triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de alta densidad(HDL), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL), apolipoproteínas y lipoproteínas (a) fueron determinadas basalmente, después de 46 semanas (fase estrogénica sola) y a las 48 semanas (fase estrogénicoprogestágena) de tratamiento.

Resultados

la terapia oral con estradiol no afectó a las concentraciones de colesterol sérico total durante la fase únicamente estrogénica, pero durante la fase combinada hubo un descenso del 5,29% (p < 0,05) debido a una disminución del 6,89% en los valores decolesterol ligado a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (p < 0,01). La terapia oral también incrementó las concentraciones de triglicéridos séricos en un 14,28% durante la fase únicamente estrogénica (p < 0,05). Durante la fase combinada de terapia transdérmica hubo un descenso del 19,80% en las concentraciones de triglicéridos séricos (p < 0,01) y del 5,92% en los valores de HDL(p < 0,05).El estradiol oral redujo las concentraciones de lipoproteína en un 32,98% durante la fase únicamente estrogénica y en un 36,08% con laadición de acetato de noretisterona (p < 0,01). La terapia transdérmica no tuvo efectos significativos sobre la lipoproteína (a).

Conclusiones

aparte de un descenso menor en las concentraciones de HDL3 en mujeres a las cuales se les estaba administrando 17 β-estradiol transdérmico, la coadministración de progestágenos orales en general mejoró, en vez de empeorar, el perfil de lipoproteínas séricas.

Summary
Objective

to analyse the effects of oral versus transdermal 17 β-oestradiol, both given with the cyclical addition of oral Norethisterone acetate, on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in postmenopausal women.

Material And Method

Open, randomised parallel study groups, 56 healthy post menopausal women with climacteric complaints were screened. Of these, 45 fulfilled the entry criteria.

The 45 postmenopausal women were randomised to receive either oral 17 β-oestradiol, or transdermal 17 β-oestradiol together with the cyclical addition of Norethisterone for 48 weeks.

Serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density proteins (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), apoli-proteins and lipoprotein (a) at baseline, and after 46 weeks (oestrogenic alone phase), and at 48 weeks (oestrogen-progesterone phase) of treatment.

Results

Oral oestradiol therapy did not affect serum total cholesterol levels during the oestrogen alone phase, but during the combined phase there was a 5.29% fall (p<0.05) due to a 6.89% decrease in LDL cholesterol levels (p<0.01). Oral therapy also increased serum triglyceride levels by 14.28% during the oestrogen alone phase (p<0.05). During the combined phase of transdermal therapy, there was a 19.80% fall in serum triglyceride levels (p<0.01) and a 5.29% fall in HDL levels (p<0.05). Oral oestradiol reduced lipoprotein (a) levels by 32.08% during the oestrogen alone phase and by 36.08% with the addition of Norethisterone acetate (p<0.01). Transdermal therapy had no significant effect on lipoprotein (a).

Conclusions

Other than a minor fall in HDL3, women receiving transdermic 17 β-oestradiol in co-administration with oral progesterone generally improved, rather than worsened, the serum lipoprotein profile.

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