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Vol. 51. Núm. 7.
Páginas 405-417 (agosto 2004)
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Vol. 51. Núm. 7.
Páginas 405-417 (agosto 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Lineas celulares adenohipofisarias αT3-1, LβT2, RC-4B/C y MtTW-10: regulacion y fisiologia celular
Anterior pituitary cell lines αt3-1, lβt2, rc-4b/c and mttw-10: regulation and cellular physiology
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M.C. Alonso-fuentes
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mcfuente@ull.es

Correspondencia: Dra. M.C. Alonso Fuentes. Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular. Departamento de Fisiología. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de La Laguna. 38071 La Laguna. Santa Cruz de Tenerife. España
, G. Hernández, R. Alonso
Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular. Departamento de Fisiología. Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas. Universidad de La Laguna. La Laguna. Santa Cruz de Tenerife. España
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The anterior pituitary is a well-structured organ with a clearly defined function, which offers the possibility of studying the mechanisms involved in organogenesis and the maintenance of specific cell functions. Due to the cellular diversity of this endocrine gland, obtaining highly purified primary cell cultures from this organ is difficult. Recently developed techniques based on targeted oncogenesis have enabled immortalized cell lines that maintain specific differentiated phenotypes to be obtained and constitute a valuable tool for studying their cell biology. These model systems have allowed detailed investigation into cellular and molecular mechanisms otherwise inaccessible in vivo or in complex primary pituitary cell cultures. Thus, gonadotroph cell lines such as αT3-1 and LβT2 are representative of discrete stages of development that express differentiated functions of the gonadotroph lineage. In addition to these experimental systems, there are others that show a cellular population as diverse as those observed in adult anterior pituitary glands, such as the RC-4B/C and MtTW-10 cell lines. In the present article we provide a brief description of each of the above-mentioned cell lines and review several aspects of their regulation by various factors.

Key words:
Cell lines
Oncogenesis
Pituitary gland
Gonadotrophs
Differentiation
GnRH
Luteinizing hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone

La adenohipófisis es un órgano bien estructurado y con una función claramente definida, que ofrece la posibilidad de estudiar los mecanismos que intervienen en la organogenia y el mantenimiento de funciones celulares específicas. Debido a la gran diversidad celular de esta glándula endocrina, la obtención de cultivos primarios altamente purificados de tipos celulares concretos a partir de este órgano es una tarea difícil. El desarrollo reciente de técnicas de oncogenia dirigida ha permitido la obtención de líneas celulares que mantienen fenotipos diferenciados específicos y que son una herramienta valiosa para el estudio de su biología celular. Estos sistemas permiten la investigación detallada de mecanismos celulares y moleculares que, de otra manera, resultarían difícilmente accesibles tanto in vivo como en cultivos primarios de células adenohipofisarias. De esta forma, líneas celulares, como αT3-1 y LβT2, representan estadios discretos del desarrollo y se caracterizan básicamente por la expresión de funciones diferenciadas del linaje de células gonadotropas. Junto con estos sistemas experimentales existen otros que muestran una población celular tan diversa como la observada en glándulas adenohipofisarias adultas, como ocurre en las líneas celulares RC-4B/C y MtTW-10. En este artículo presentamos una descripción resumida de cada una de las líneas mencionadas anteriormente, y revisamos varios aspectos acerca de su regulación por diferentes factores.

Palabras clave:
Líneas celulares
Oncogenia
Adenohipófisis
Células gonadotropas
Diferenciación
GnRH
Hormona luteinizante
Hormona foliculoestimulante
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