Diagnóstico de laboratorio de las meningitis linfocitarias
Laboratory diagnosis of lymphocytic meningitis
a Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada. Centro de Referencia de Meningitis y Encefalitis Víricas de Andalucía, Granada, España
b Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián. CIBER Enfermedad Respiratoria CIBERES y Centro de Referencia de Enfermedad Meningocócica del País Vasco, San Sebastián, España
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Centro de Referencia de Meningitis y Encefalitis Víricas de Andalucía, Granada, España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián. CIBER Enfermedad Respiratoria CIBERES y Centro de Referencia de Enfermedad Meningocócica del País Vasco, San Sebastián, España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Autor para correspondencia." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Laboratory diagnosis of lymphocytic meningitis" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec138281" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Meningitis linfocitaria" 1 => "Meningitis aséptica" 2 => "Diagnóstico de laboratorio" 3 => "PCR" 4 => "Cultivo celular" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec138280" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Lymphocytic meningitis" 1 => "Aseptic meningitis" 2 => "Laboratory diagnosis" 3 => "PCR" 4 => "Cell culture" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La mayoría de las meningitis linfocitarias, principalmente las de evolución aguda y benigna, están producidas por virus. Los más comúnmente implicados en nuestro medio son los enterovirus, virus del herpes simple, virus varicela-zóster y virus Toscana. Las técnicas de amplificación de ácidos nucleicos (TAAN) son el método de elección para el diagnóstico de las meningitis virales a partir de muestras de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR). Son más rápidas, más sensibles y, además, no están tan condicionadas por la viabilidad de los virus en la muestra clínica como lo están los métodos tradicionales. El desarrollo de equipos comerciales validados, el grado de automatización de la técnica, y el empleo de sistemas de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en tiempo real son las principales premisas que hay que tener en cuenta a la hora de elegir el método en cada laboratorio. En la actualidad se encuentran disponibles equipos comerciales para la detección mediante PCR en tiempo real de enterovirus y herpesvirus, que son los virus implicados con mayor frecuencia. Aunque las TAAN a partir de una muestra directa han desplazado al cultivo celular con fines diagnósticos, la combinación de ambas tecnologías puede ser de gran utilidad. Cuando no es posible establecer el agente causal mediante TAAN en muestras de LCR, se debe recurrir al empleo de otras muestras (exudado faríngeo, heces) y otras técnicas, como la serología, que es el método de elección para el diagnóstico de meningitis por virus poco frecuentes en nuestro medio, como el virus de West Nile y el virus de la coriomeningitis linfocitaria.</p>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Lymphocytic meningitis, mainly those with an acute and benign course, are caused by viruses. In our area, the most commonly involved agents are enteroviruses, herpes simplex, varicella zoster and Toscana viruses. Nucleic acids amplification techniques (NAAT) are the methods of choice to diagnose viral meningitis from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. They are more rapid and sensitive, and indeed, they are not influenced by the viability of the virus in the clinical specimen as traditional methods are. The development of commercial equipments, the degree of automation, and the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) systems are the most important premises to choose the molecular method in each laboratory. Recently, commercial kits of real-time PCR are available for the detection of enteroviruses and herpesviruses, which are the most frequently viruses involved in meningitis. Although NAAT from the clinical sample have replaced cell culture for diagnostic purposes, the combination of both methods remain useful. When the detection of the causal agent from the CSF sample is not possible, other specimens (pharyngeal exudates, stools) or serological methods can be used. Serology is the reference method for meningitis caused by West Nile virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, which are less frequently detected in our area.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:34 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Viral infections" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "J.R. Baringer" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "titulo" => "Diseases of the nervous system: clinical neurobiology" "paginaInicial" => "1298" "paginaFinal" => "1311" "edicion" => "2.ª ed." "serieFecha" => "1992" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2." 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| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 19 | 2 | 21 |
| 2024 Octubre | 240 | 18 | 258 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 244 | 29 | 273 |
| 2024 Agosto | 148 | 17 | 165 |
| 2024 Julio | 203 | 23 | 226 |
| 2024 Junio | 172 | 9 | 181 |
| 2024 Mayo | 177 | 24 | 201 |
| 2024 Abril | 195 | 14 | 209 |
| 2024 Marzo | 217 | 16 | 233 |
| 2024 Febrero | 130 | 22 | 152 |
| 2024 Enero | 167 | 4 | 171 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 131 | 11 | 142 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 184 | 27 | 211 |
| 2023 Octubre | 219 | 12 | 231 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 164 | 7 | 171 |
| 2023 Agosto | 174 | 12 | 186 |
| 2023 Julio | 322 | 17 | 339 |
| 2023 Junio | 195 | 15 | 210 |
| 2023 Mayo | 216 | 12 | 228 |
| 2023 Abril | 150 | 17 | 167 |
| 2023 Marzo | 178 | 26 | 204 |
| 2023 Febrero | 145 | 24 | 169 |
| 2023 Enero | 146 | 22 | 168 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 109 | 23 | 132 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 117 | 27 | 144 |
| 2022 Octubre | 172 | 36 | 208 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 158 | 36 | 194 |
| 2022 Agosto | 143 | 25 | 168 |
| 2022 Julio | 116 | 10 | 126 |
| 2022 Junio | 125 | 24 | 149 |
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| 2022 Marzo | 109 | 33 | 142 |
| 2022 Febrero | 97 | 27 | 124 |
| 2022 Enero | 142 | 23 | 165 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 137 | 37 | 174 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 155 | 39 | 194 |
| 2021 Octubre | 163 | 33 | 196 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 138 | 29 | 167 |
| 2021 Agosto | 688 | 35 | 723 |
| 2021 Julio | 109 | 20 | 129 |
| 2021 Junio | 96 | 19 | 115 |
| 2021 Mayo | 159 | 19 | 178 |
| 2021 Abril | 277 | 53 | 330 |
| 2021 Marzo | 222 | 68 | 290 |
| 2021 Febrero | 162 | 29 | 191 |
| 2021 Enero | 116 | 17 | 133 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 147 | 37 | 184 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 175 | 24 | 199 |
| 2020 Octubre | 156 | 23 | 179 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 126 | 42 | 168 |
| 2020 Agosto | 170 | 31 | 201 |
| 2020 Julio | 140 | 40 | 180 |
| 2020 Junio | 160 | 37 | 197 |
| 2020 Mayo | 282 | 77 | 359 |
| 2020 Abril | 155 | 52 | 207 |
| 2020 Marzo | 145 | 24 | 169 |
| 2020 Febrero | 170 | 34 | 204 |
| 2020 Enero | 166 | 46 | 212 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 204 | 42 | 246 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 153 | 43 | 196 |
| 2019 Octubre | 149 | 38 | 187 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 212 | 69 | 281 |
| 2019 Agosto | 146 | 30 | 176 |
| 2019 Julio | 155 | 68 | 223 |
| 2019 Junio | 116 | 100 | 216 |
| 2019 Mayo | 138 | 243 | 381 |
| 2019 Abril | 201 | 246 | 447 |
| 2019 Marzo | 26 | 95 | 121 |
| 2019 Febrero | 31 | 128 | 159 |
| 2019 Enero | 17 | 132 | 149 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 26 | 87 | 113 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 17 | 101 | 118 |
| 2018 Octubre | 16 | 9 | 25 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 9 | 47 | 56 |
| 2018 Agosto | 6 | 132 | 138 |
| 2018 Julio | 12 | 131 | 143 |
| 2018 Junio | 13 | 118 | 131 |
| 2018 Mayo | 13 | 132 | 145 |
| 2018 Abril | 7 | 100 | 107 |
| 2018 Marzo | 22 | 67 | 89 |
| 2018 Febrero | 11 | 59 | 70 |
| 2018 Enero | 21 | 47 | 68 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 20 | 51 | 71 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 21 | 57 | 78 |
| 2017 Octubre | 34 | 15 | 49 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 8 | 29 | 37 |
| 2017 Agosto | 16 | 10 | 26 |
| 2017 Julio | 13 | 27 | 40 |
| 2017 Junio | 20 | 23 | 43 |
| 2017 Mayo | 24 | 23 | 47 |
| 2017 Abril | 30 | 4 | 34 |
| 2017 Marzo | 22 | 25 | 47 |
| 2017 Febrero | 15 | 23 | 38 |
| 2017 Enero | 29 | 6 | 35 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 30 | 12 | 42 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 28 | 15 | 43 |
| 2016 Octubre | 43 | 13 | 56 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 51 | 11 | 62 |
| 2016 Agosto | 33 | 11 | 44 |
| 2016 Julio | 12 | 5 | 17 |
| 2016 Junio | 14 | 24 | 38 |
| 2016 Mayo | 9 | 14 | 23 |
| 2016 Abril | 14 | 18 | 32 |
| 2016 Marzo | 15 | 15 | 30 |
| 2016 Febrero | 15 | 20 | 35 |
| 2016 Enero | 13 | 22 | 35 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 9 | 20 | 29 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 18 | 18 | 36 |
| 2015 Octubre | 27 | 24 | 51 |
| 2015 Septiembre | 17 | 12 | 29 |
| 2015 Agosto | 15 | 23 | 38 |
| 2015 Julio | 8 | 8 | 16 |
| 2015 Junio | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2015 Mayo | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| 2015 Abril | 14 | 12 | 26 |
| 2015 Marzo | 16 | 9 | 25 |
| 2015 Febrero | 18 | 6 | 24 |
| 2015 Enero | 83 | 7 | 90 |
| 2014 Diciembre | 119 | 14 | 133 |
| 2014 Noviembre | 161 | 10 | 171 |
| 2014 Octubre | 119 | 6 | 125 |
| 2014 Septiembre | 92 | 5 | 97 |
| 2014 Agosto | 66 | 3 | 69 |
| 2014 Julio | 54 | 3 | 57 |
| 2014 Junio | 68 | 13 | 81 |
| 2014 Mayo | 49 | 5 | 54 |
| 2014 Abril | 58 | 3 | 61 |
| 2014 Marzo | 47 | 4 | 51 |
| 2014 Febrero | 68 | 1 | 69 |
| 2014 Enero | 62 | 5 | 67 |
| 2013 Diciembre | 99 | 5 | 104 |
| 2013 Noviembre | 95 | 6 | 101 |
| 2013 Octubre | 87 | 9 | 96 |
| 2013 Septiembre | 32 | 6 | 38 |
| 2013 Agosto | 29 | 9 | 38 |
| 2013 Julio | 30 | 7 | 37 |
| 2010 Enero | 1499 | 0 | 1499 |
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